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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 1016-1025.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01016

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Nutrient Management on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Direct Seeding Rice

GUO Jiu-Xin1,KONG Ya-Li1,XIE Kai-Liu1,LI Dong-Hai2,FENG Xu-Meng1,3,LING Ning1,WANG Min1,GUO Shi-Wei1,*   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2 Agricultural Technology Extension and service station of Fuyu County, Songyuan 138000, China; 3 College of Country Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2015-12-09 Revised:2016-03-14 Online:2016-07-12 Published:2016-03-22
  • Contact: 郭世伟, E-mail: sguo@njau.edu.cn, Tel: 025-84396393 E-mail:jiuxinguo@sina.com
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2013CB127403) and the China Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201103003 and 201203013).

Abstract:

The effects of different nutrient management models on the yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of direct seeding rice were investigated under site-specific farmers cultivate practice situation. We conducted a field experiment at eight farmers’ field in basic farmland protection region with a rice-wheat rotation ecosystem in Xinghua County, Maoshan town, Jiangsu Province, from June 2011 to November 2013. Three different nutrient management models and a control were used in this experiment including fertilizer free treatment (CK), farmers’ fertilizer practice (FFP) and optimal fertilizer management 1 and 2 (OPT1 and OPT2). The rice yield and its components, N accumulation and distribution, and NUE were determined. The results showed that the rice grain yield of OPT treatments (226 kg ha-1 N) significantly increased 5.5% due to the increase of grains per panicle, seed setting percentage, and 1000-grain weight while the N fertilizer application reduced 32.1% as compared with FFP treatment (333 kg ha-1 N). The rice grain yield of OPT2 treatment was 3.1% higher than that of OPT1 treatment while resulted from increasing potassium application (18 kg ha-1 K2O) at booting stage. The N concentration of different parts of plant, N requirement for 100 kg grain, straw N accumulation and N distribution in vegetative organs of OPT treatment were significantly lower than these of FFP treatment. Compared with FFP treatment, OPT treatment also significantly improved NUE of rice plants, in which partial factor productivity of N (PFPN), agronomic efficiency of N (AEN), the recovery efficiency of N (REN) and physiological efficiency of N (PEN) increased by 55.5%, 79.1%, 18.8%, and 48.7%, respectively. There was a significantly positive correlation between plant N accumulation and grain yield in rice, and the effect of yield increase per unit N accumulation in OPT treatment was higher than that in FFP treatment. Therefore, the optimal nutrition management model, including controlling total N rate, regulating application stage of N fertilizer and increasing potassium application, can be need to obtain a comprehensive effect for high grain yield and high N fertilizer use efficiency in direct seeding rice planted by farmers.

Key words: Rice, Yield, Nutrient management, Nitrogen use efficiency, Site-specific farmer cultivate

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