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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (02): 268-277.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00268

• Orginal Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Superimposition Effect of Film-mulching and Furrow Ridging Culture on Maize Grain Yield and WUE in Loess Plateau

Jun-Hong XIE1,2, Ling-Ling LI1,2, Ren-Zhi ZHANG1,3, Qiang CHAI1,2,*()   

  1. 1 Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2 Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    3 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2017-05-11 Accepted:2017-09-10 Online:2018-02-12 Published:2017-10-27
  • Contact: Qiang CHAI E-mail:Chaiq@gsau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Science and Technology Planning Project (2015BAD22B04-03), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2012CB722902), and Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201103001).

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Abstract:

A three-year continuous maize cropping study was conducted to compare the effect of different planting treatments on water use efficiency (WUE) and grain yield of maize in a semi-arid environment in the western Loess Plateau of China. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. The treatments included flat-planting without mulching (NFM), flat-planting with half plastic film mulching (HFM), flat-planting with complete plastic film mulching (CFM) and furrow-planting with plastic film completely mulched narrow and wide alternative ridges (CFRM). CFRM treatment had a superimposition effect, increasing maize grain yield by 2282.9, 2460.2, and 2765.5 kg ha-1, with the increasing ratio of 32.3%, 49.8%, and 46.5%, compared with HFM treatment in the three continuous cropping years. In addition, the contribution rate to grain yield complete film mulching was 59.3%, 90.3%, and 20.9%, and by furrow-ridging culture was 40.7%, 9.7%, and 79.1%, respectively. The complete film mulching had greater contribution to yield than ridging and furrowing culture in the first and second years, and vice versa in the third year. The water use efficiency was the highest in CFRM treatment throughout the three years, with an incremental from 10.6% to 25.2%, in comparison to HFM. Under the same precipitation conditions, CFRM and CFM treatments had higher soil water storage before maize sowing than NFM, increasing from 6.3% to 15.1% and from 3.5% to 11.5%, respectively. However, CFRM and CFM treatments had lower soil water storage than NFM after maize harvest, with a decrease from 6.0% to 12.9% and from 4.7% to 12.9% in the second and third years, respectively. The soil water storage declined with continuous cropping of maize at harvesting stage in the second and third years, showing decrease of 37.1% and 44.0% for Soil water storage of CFRM, 35.5% and 37.1% for CFM, respectively. In particular, the soil desiccation phenomenon was appeared in 50 to 200 cm soil layer of CFRM treatment in the second year, and other treatments in the third year. In conclusion, CFRM is the best option for efficient water use and increasing grain yield, which is attributed to higher water demand, that leads to soil desiccation.

Key words: superimposition, plastic film mulching, furrow-ridge culture, flat planting, grain yield, water use efficiency

Table 1

Treatments description"

Fig. 1

Soil moisture (%) profile in 2009-2011 a, b, c and d, e, f were soil moisture of different profile (%) at before-sowing and post-harvesting in 2009-2011, respectively. SSM means stable soil moisture content. Treatments described as in Table 1."

Fig. 2

Effect of different planting treatments on soil water storage at key growth stages of maize in 0-200 cm soil layer Treatments described as in Table 1."

Fig. 3

Grain yield of maize under different planting treatments Treatments described as in Table 1."

Table 2

Evapotranspiration (mm) and WUE (kg hm-2 mm-1) of different treatments"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 生育期降水量Precipitation in growth period (mm) 耗水量
Water consumption
(mm)		 降水利用率
Precipitation use efficiency
(kg hm-2 mm-1)		 水分利用效率
Water use efficiency
(kg hm-2 mm-1)
2009 NFM 292.7 247.9 c 0 0
HFM 292.7 279.1 b 24.1 c 25.3 b
CFM 292.7 299.4 a 28.7 b 28.7 b
CRFM 292.7 301.2 a 31.9 a 31.0 a
2010 NFM 227.6 250.2 d 0 0
HFM 227.6 280.8 c 21.7 b 17.6 b
CFM 227.6 300.3 b 31.5 a 23.8 a
CRFM 227.6 323.3 a 32.5 a 22.9 a
2011 NFM 273.2 284.6 c 4.6 c 4.4 c
HFM 273.2 295.3 c 21.8 b 20.2 b
CFM 273.2 307.1 b 23.9 b 21.3 b
CRFM 273.2 322.6 a 31.9 a 27.0 a

Table 3

Rainfall in 2009-2011 in semiarid area (mm)"

年份
Year		 1月
Jan.		 2月
Feb.		 3月
Mar.		 4月
Apr.		 5月
May		 6月
Jun.		 7月
Jul.		 8月
Aug.		 9月
Sept.		 10月
Oct.		 11月
Nov.		 12月
Dec.		 年降水量
Annual
2008 3.4 3.2 4.8 24.2 24.0 75.2 51.6 84.22 96.8 37.8 9.6 0 414.8
2009 2.1 9.5 11.9 18.0 24.9 22.3 85.3 97.4 10.7 38.2 0 0 320.3
2010 0 1.5 20.1 36.0 74.4 44.9 27.2 40.2 45.1 31.9 1.8 2.9 326.0
2011 7.0 6.6 13.7 3.2 29.9 50.2 62.7 54.6 60.0 15.8 4.5 5.6 313.8
多年平均
Average		 4.0 6.4 14.3 20.7 48.8 52.8 77.4 72.3 63.4 31.9 4.9 2.3 399.3
变异系数
CV%		 118.4 69.0 28.3 86.2 63.3 37.9 50.2 46.4 65.5 40.3 107.9 98.8 1.9
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