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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 1-9.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.82032

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS •     Next Articles

Identification and mapping of round seed related gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Ya-Ping CHEN,Rong MIAO,Xi LIU,Ben-Jia CHEN,Jie LAN,Teng-Fei MA,Yi-Hua WANG,Shi-Jia LIU,Ling JIANG()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement / Research Center of Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2018-06-07 Accepted:2018-10-08 Online:2018-11-01 Published:2018-11-09
  • Contact: Ling JIANG E-mail:jiangling@njau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100101-08);the Key Projects of National Natural Science Foundation(91535302);the National University Student Innovation Program(201710307014)

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Abstract:

It is significant to clarify the genetic and molecular mechanism of genes related to rice grain size for rice yield. A mutant round seed (rs) was screened from japonica variety “Ningjing 3” mutagenized by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Genetic analysis revealed that the phenotype of rs was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Scanning electron microscope observation indicated that the change of cell number was responsible for the mutant phenotype of rs. Compared with the wild type, the expression of cell cycle related-genes increased significantly in rs. RS was located in the 589 kb region of chromosome 3, between markers RM3413 and N3-5. The RS mutation affected BR signal pathway, and changed the expression of grain size-related genes. This research contributes to elucidating the molecular mechanism of rice grain development.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.), round seed mutant, phenotypic analysis, gene mapping

Table 1

Molecular markers for fine-mapping"

标记
Marker		 正向引物序列
Forward primer sequence (5°→3°)		 反向引物序列
Reverse primer sequence (5°→3°)
N3-5 GTCTGTGCGCTCCTTGTTCTAGC CCTGGACCAATTTGTATGGTTGG
N3-9 GATGCAGTAGGAACACCAAACAGC ATCGAGTACCAAGTGCCTGTGC
N3-10 GGTTTGGGAGCCCATAATCT CTGGGCTTCTTTCACTCGTC
RM3413 TTAGAGGAGATGATGGTGCAACG AGCAGCCATTGAATGTGTTTGG
RM14282 CCCAAACACAAACACAAAGAGAGC AACACGCAGGTCCTCTTGAACC
I3-2 TACTTTAATTTTGCAGCTC TTTTACCCCACTCCATCT

Table 2

Comparison of agronomic traits between wild type and rs"

性状 Trait 野生型 Wild type 突变体 rs
粒长 Grain length (mm) 7.50±0.009 6.39±0.023**
粒宽 Grain width (mm) 3.13±0.021 3.58±0.003**
长/宽比 Length/width ratio 2.42±0.013 1.80±0.009**
粒厚 Grain thickness (mm) 1.14±0.025 1.28±0.062**
千粒重 1000-grain weight (g) 25.45±0.890 22.51±0.252**
株高 Plant height (cm) 91.40±2.633 90.50±2.121
穗长 Panicle length (cm) 17.35±0.803 17.19±0.709
分蘖数 Number of tillers 11.00±2.160 10.1±2.025
结实率 Seed setting rate (%) 72.69±2.430 56.90±4.270**

Table 3

Genetic analysis of the mutant rs"

杂交组合
Cross-combination		 总株数
Total number
of plants		 正常表现
Wild-type
phenotype		 突变表现
Mutant
phenotype		 χ2(3:1)
rs/WT 174 135 39 0.62
WT/rs 207 161 46 0.85

Fig. 1

Phenotypes of the wild type and the rs mutant A: plants of the wild type and the rs mutant at heading stage. Bar = 10 cm. B, C: grain phenotypes of the wild type and rs. Bar = 6 mm. D, F: comparisons of grain length, width, and the 1000-grain weight. ** Significant difference at P = 0.01 level between the wild type and the mutant rs."

Fig. 2

Histological analysis of spikelet hulls A, B; scanning electron microscope analysis of the outer surfaces of glumes. Bar=200 μm. C, D: comparison of cell length and width in outer glumes. E, F: comparison of cell number in outer glumes. Data are given as means ± SD. *P = 0.05; **P = 0.01."

Fig. 3

Expression levels of cell cycle-related genesCycA2;1, CycD4, E2F2, CycT1, CDKB, CDKA1, CycA2;2, Cdc20, and CycA2;3 Values are mean±SD (n = 3). * and ** indicate significant differences between WT and rs at P = 0.05 and P = 0.01 by Student’s t-test."

Fig. 4

Fine mapping of the RS gene The black circle means the centromere; the thick vertical line means a co-segregate marker; the number under the markers means the number of extreme individuals."

Fig. 5

Response test to 2,4-epiBL in the wild type and rs A: performance of lamina joint to 2,4-epiBL in wild-type (up) and rs (down). B: changes of lamina inclination to 2,4-epiBL. C: expression levels of BR synthesis and signal transduction pathway genes in the wild type and rs. ** Significant difference at the 0.01 level between wild type and rs."

Fig. 6

Expression levels of grain shape-related genes in wild type (WT) and rs"

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