欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 87-92.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00087

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮磷钾硼肥施用对长江流域油菜产量及经济效益的影响

邹娟1,鲁剑巍1,*,陈防2,李银水1   

  1. 1华中农业大学资源与环境学院，湖北武汉430070；2中国科学院武汉植物园，湖北武汉430074
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-23 修回日期:2008-09-09 出版日期:2009-01-12 网络出版日期:2008-11-17
  • 通讯作者: 鲁剑巍
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由教育部新世纪人才项目（NCET-07-0345），国家“十一五”科技支撑课题（2006BAD21B03，2006BAD25B01），国际植物营养研究所（IPNI）合作项目（Hubei-30）资助

Effect of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium and Boron Fertilizers on Yiedl and Profit of Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)in the Yangtze River Basin

ZOU Juan1,LU Jian-Wei1,CHEN Fang2,LI Yin-Shui1   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;2Botanical Garden of Wuhan/Wuhan Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China
  • Received:2008-05-23 Revised:2008-09-09 Published:2009-01-12 Published online:2008-11-17
  • Contact: LU Jian-Wei

PDF

2556

被引次数

137

摘要：

2006—2007年在长江流域10个冬油菜主产省(市)布置32个田间试验, 研究氮、磷、钾及硼肥施用对油菜籽产量的影响, 并对施肥经济效益进行了分析。结果表明, 氮磷钾硼肥配合施用处理(NPKB)平均产量为2 590 kg hm-2, 与PKB、NKB、NPB、NPK及FFP(农民习惯)处理相比, 平均每公顷分别增收油菜籽1 055、727、253、337和639 kg；施用磷、钾及硼肥的增产幅度随土壤有效磷、钾及硼含量的升高呈现下降趋势；按试验年份的物价计算, 扣除肥料成本后, 施用NPKB效益达到7 274元 hm-2, 与PKB、NKB、NPB及NPK处理相比, 每公顷经济效益分别增加2 868、2 139、434和1 076元, 其中施用氮、磷、钾肥产投比>2.0的试验数分别占总数的87.5%、87.5%和50.0%。研究结果显示, 长江流域冬油菜施用氮磷钾硼肥增产、增收效果显著, 氮磷钾硼配合施用技术可以进行大面积推广应用。

关键词: 油菜, 产量, 经济效益

Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted at 32 sites in 10 main rapeseed production provinces along the Yangtze River Basin during 2006–2007. The objective of the research was to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and boron (B) on rapeseed yield and profit. The results showed that the combination application of N, P, K and B (NPKB) increased the yield of rapeseed significantly. The average yield of NPKB treatment was 2 590 kg hm-2, which was 1 055, 727, 253, 337 and 639 kg hm-2 higher than those of PKB, NKB, NPB, NPK and FFP (farmers’ fertilizer practice) treatments, respectively. N, P, K and B effect on the rapeseed yield ranked as N > P > K≈B. The seed yield increment from P, K and B application had negative relationship with soil available P, K and B content, respectively. Compared with PKB, NKB, NPB and NPK treatments, profit of NPKB increased 2868, 2 139, 434, and 1 076 Yuan hm-2. The average profit of NPKB treatment was up to 7 274 Yuan hm-2 according to the fertilizer and rapeseed prices in 2006 and 2007. However, the effects of N, P, K and B fertilizer on yield and profits of rapeseed were not the same in different experimental sites. The 87.5 percent trials showed significant profits from N and P fertilization, and half of the total trials showed high benefit from K application, which the value to cost ratio (VCR) was higher than 2.0. It was concluded that the combination of N, P, K and B fertilizers significantly increased both rapeseed yield and profits.

Key words: Rapeseed, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Boron, Yield, Profit

[1] Fu T-D(傅廷栋). Rapeseed production and variety improvement in China. J Huazhong Agric Univ (华中农业大学学报), 1999, 18(6): 501–504(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] Tu J-X(涂金星), Zhang D-X(张冬晓), Zhang Y(张毅), Fu T-D(付廷栋). Discussion on some standards of variety registration and breeding goals of Brassica napus in China. Chin J Oil Crop Sci (中国油料作物学报), 2007, 29(3): 350–352(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] National Bureau of Statistics of China (中华人民共和国国家统计局). Chinese Statistical Yearbook (中国统计年鉴). Beijing: China Statistics Press, 2006(in Chinese)
[4] Zhou J-M(周健民). Nutrient Cycling and Management in Agro-ecosystems (农田养分平衡与管理). Nanjing: Publishing House of Hohai University, 2000. pp 146–236(in Chinese)
[5] Li Z-Y(李志玉), Hu Q(胡琼), Liao X(廖星), Guo Q-Y(郭庆元), Qin Y-P(秦亚平). Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and boron on the yield and quality of high-efficient oilseed rape hybrid Zhongyouza 8. Chin J Oil Crop Sci (中国油料作物学报), 2005, 27(4): 59–63(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Chen F(陈防), Yu C-B(余常兵), Li J-F(李剑夫), Zhang Z-Q(张竹青), Liu D-B(刘冬碧), Xiong T(熊涛). Response of rapeseed yield to K application and primary study of soil critical available K content for rapeseed. Chin J Oil Crop Sci (中国油料作物学报), 2003, 25(4): 107–112(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] Brennan R F, Bolland M D A. Effect of fertilizer phosphorus and nitrogen on the concentrations of oil and protein in grain yield of canola (Brassica napus L.) grown in south-western Australia. Aust J Exp Agric, 2007, 47: 984–991
[8] Brennan R F, Bolland M D A. Influence of potassium and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, oil and protein concentration of canola (Brassica napus L.) grain harvested in south-western Australia. Aust J Exp Agric, 2007, 47: 976–983
[9] Wu J(武际), Guo X-S(郭熙盛), Li X-Y(李孝勇), Wang W-J(王文军), Zhu H-B(朱宏斌). Effect of P and K fertilizer application on rapeseed yield and nutrient uptake. Chin J Oil Crop Sci (中国油料作物学报), 2006, 28(2): 180–183(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] Lu M-X(鲁明星), Zou J(邹娟), Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Wang Q-Y(王倩怡), Wu L-S(吴礼树). Study on response of rapeseed to P application criterion for available P in the soil. Chin J Oil Crop Sci (中国油料作物学报), 2006, 28(4): 448–452(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] Zou J(邹娟), Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Liao Z-W(廖志文), Gong X-M(巩细民), Wang H(汪航), Zhou H(周宏). Study on response of rapeseed to boron application and critical level of soil available B in Hubei Province. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 1994, 27(1): 51–56(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] Bao S-D(鲍士旦). Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis (土壤农化分析). Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2000. pp 30–107, 127(in Chinese)
[13] Liu D-B(刘冬碧), Chen F(陈防), Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Wan Y-F(万运帆). Effect of K application on dry matter accumulation and absorption of K, Ca and Mg of oil rape. Soils Fert (土壤肥料), 2001, (4): 24–27(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] Zhu Z-L(朱兆良). On the methodology of recommendation for the application rate of chemical fertilizer nitrogen to crops. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2006, 12(1): 1–4(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] Zhang F-S(张福锁), Cui Z-L(崔振岭), Wang J-Q(王激清), Li C-J(李春俭), Chen X-P(陈新平). Current status of soil and plant nutrient management in China and improvement strategies. Chin Bull Bot (植物学通报), 2007, 24(6): 687–694(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16] Gao X-Z(高祥照), Ma C-B(马常宝), Du S(杜森). Soil Testing and Fertilizer Recommendation (测土配方施肥技术). Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2005. pp 1–7(in Chinese)
[17] Liu H-L(刘后利). Practical Cultivation of Rapeseed(实用油菜栽培学). Shanghai: Scientific Technology Press, 1987. pp 189–209(in Chinese)
[18] Rathke G W, Behrens T, Diepenbrock W. Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yield, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): a review. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 2006, 117: 80–108
[19] Shen J-X(沈金雄), Li Z-Y(李志玉), Liao X(廖星), Guo Q-Y(郭庆元). Effect of phosphorus on yield and mineral nutrient absorption and accumulation in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(8): 1231–1235(in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846.
[2] 马胜乾, 王志平, 陈浩天, 窦淑贤, 张燕, 邓艾兴, 张卫建, 原向阳, 宋振伟. 秸秆还田下耕作方式与氮肥施用量对东北玉米产量及土壤团聚体的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816.
[3] 赵佳雪, 周龙昊, 郭岂源, 尚伦霄, 王涵, 刘志涛, 陈曦, 张晓佩, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽. 长期秸秆还田与深松通过改善土壤环境与棉花光合特性提高滨海盐碱地棉花产量[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560.
[4] 张思思, 赵向辉, 周洋, 姚云凤, 朱荣昱, 董元杰, 胡国庆, 徐通, 刘兆新. 冬闲期翻耕和绿肥还田对连作花生田土壤理化性质和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486.
[5] 任依涵, 赵曼利, 代晶, 李银水, 顾炽明, 杨璐, 杜雪竹, 胡文诗, 秦璐. 油菜叶片功能氮动态变化对光合速率及光合氮利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1459-1471.
[6] 张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325.
[7] 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[8] 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372.
[9] 刘昕萌, 任昊, 张继波, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 王洪章. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)缓解高温影响玉米雌穗分化的生理机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572.
[10] 王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521.
[11] 王宇诚, 张露, 刘阿康, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 袁珅. 基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1279-1290.
[12] 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547.
[13] 张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500.
[14] 侯思宇, 王国璀, 韦金贵, 谢玮欣, 殷文, 樊志龙, 柴强, 胡发龙. 绿肥配施化学氮肥对西北干旱灌区小麦干物质积累及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1208-1219.
[15] 蔡宏玮, 于爱忠, 姜科强, 王鹏飞, 王玉珑, 霍建喆, 庞小能, 尹波, 尚永盼. 干旱灌区有机肥替代部分化肥促进甜玉米产量提升的关键机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2