作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 1672-1680.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01672
刘立军,杨立年,孙小淋,王志琴,杨建昌*
LIU Li-Jun,YANG Li-Nian,SUN Xiao-Lin,WANG Zhi-Qin,YANG Jian-Chang*
摘要:
以代表性品种为材料,研究了水稻实地氮肥管理(SSNM)的氮肥利用效率及其生理机制。结果表明,SSNM的施氮量较常规施肥方法(FFP)降低了48.1%~63.0%,产量提高了0.1%~9.3%。SSNM的氮肥吸收利用率和农学利用率分别较FFP提高了31.4%~56.8%和143.6%~166.0%。水稻氮吸收高峰出现在穗分化期至抽穗期,此阶段SSNM处理氮的吸收量和其占最终总吸收量的比例均明显高于FFP。抽穗后SSNM水稻的吸氮量也明显高于FFP。自幼穗分化期开始,SSNM水稻根系重量和根系活力(尤其是单茎占有的根系活性)逐步超过FFP。SSNM 明显提高了幼穗分化期和抽穗期水稻叶片中谷氨酰胺合成酶、硝酸还原酶和Fd-谷氨酸合酶的活性。抽穗后SSNM处理水稻剑叶的光合速率高于FFP,上述结果表明SSNM有利于促进水稻中后期根系生长,提高物质生产和养分吸收,从而提高氮肥的利用效率。
| [1] FAO. Statistical Databases, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, Rome. http://www.fao.org, 2007 [2] Peng S-B(彭少兵), Huang J-L(黄见良), Zhong X-H(钟旭华), Yang J-C(杨建昌), Wang G-H(王光火), Zou Y-B(邹应斌), Zhang F-S(张福锁), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森). Research strategy in improving fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated rice in China. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学),2002, 35(9): 1095-1103(in Chinese with English abstract) [3] Zhu Z-L(朱兆良). Research progresses on the fate of soil N supply and applied fertilizer N in China. Soil (土壤), 1985, 17(1): 2-9(in Chinese) [4] Wang G H, Dobermann A, Witt C, Sun Q Z, Fu R X. Performance of site-specific nutrient management for irrigated rice in southeast China. Agron J, 2001, 93: 869-878 [5] Liu L-J(刘立军), Xu W(徐伟), Xu G-W(徐国伟), Zhou J-L(周家麟), Yang J-C(杨建昌).N-saving effect and its mechanism of site-specific nitrogen management in rice. Jiangsu J Agric Sci (江苏农业学报), 2005, 21(3): 155-161(in Chinese with English abstract) [6] Dobermann A, Witt C, Dawe D, Gines H C, Nagarajan R, Satawathananont S, Son T T, Tan P S, Wang G H, Chien N V, Thoa V T K, Phung C V, Stalin P, Muthukrishna P, Ravi V, Babu M, Chatuporn S, Kongchum M, Sun Q, Fu R, Simbaha G C, Adviento M A A. Site-specific nutrient management for intensive rice cropping systems in Asia. Field Crops Res, 2002, 74: 37-66 [7] Dobermann A, Witt C. The evolution of site-specific nutrient management in irrigated rice systems of Asia. In: Dobermann A, Witt C, eds. Increasing Productivity of Intensive Rice Systems through Site-Specific Nutrient Management. Los Baños, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, 2004. pp 75-100 [8] Peng S, Garcia F V, Laza R C, Sanico A L, Visperas R M, Cassman K G. Increased N-use efficiency using a chlorophyll meter on high yielding irrigated rice. Field Crops Res, 1996, 47: 243-252 [9] Wang G-H(王光火), Zhang Q-C(张奇春), Huang C-Y(黄昌勇). SSNM-A new approach to increasing fertilizer N use efficiency and reducing N loss from rice fields. J Zhejiang Agric Univ (Agric Life Sci)(浙江大学学报·农业与生命科学版), 2003, 29(1): 67-70(in Chinese with English abstract) [10] Liu L J, Sang D Z, Liu C L, Wang Z Q, Yang J C, Zhu Q S. Effects of real-time and site-specific nitrogen managements on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Agric Sci China, 2004, 3(4): 262-268 [11] Liu L-J(刘立军), Xu W(徐伟), Sang D-Z(桑大志), Liu C-L(刘翠莲), Zhou J-L(周家麟), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Site-specific nitrogen management increases fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency in Rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(7): 987-994 (in Chinese with English abstract) [12] Bremner J M, Mulvaney C S. Nitrogen-total. In: Page A L ed. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. 2nd edn. Agron Monogr. 9. ASA and SSSA, Madison, WI. 1982. pp 595-624 [13] Zhang J-D(章骏德), Liu G-P(刘国屏), Shi Y-Y(施永永). Research Methods of Plant Physiology (植物生理研究法). Nanchang: Jiangxi People’s Publishing House, 1982. pp 52-57 (in Chinese) [14] Foyer C H, Valadier M H, Migge A, Thomas W B. Drought-induced effects on nitrate reductase activity and mRNA and on the coordination of nitrogen and carbon metabolism in maize leaves. Plant Physiol, 1998, 117: 283-292 [15] Hayakawa T, Yamaya T, Mae T, Ojima K. Changes in the content of two glutamate synthase proteins in spikelets of rice (Oryza sativa)plants during ripening. Plant Physiol, 1993, 101: 1257-1262 [16] Bradford, M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem, 1976, 72, 248-254 [17] Liu L-J(刘立军), Xu W(徐伟), Wu C-F(吴长付), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Characteristics of growth, development and nutrient uptake in rice under site-specific nitrogen management. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2007, 21(2): 191-197 (in Chinese with English abstract) [18] Foyer C H, Noctor G, Lelandais M, Lescure J C, Valadier M H, Boutin J P, Horton P. Short-term effects of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium assimilation on photosynthesis, carbon partitioning and protein phosphorylation in maize. Planta, 1994, 192: 211-220 [19] Miflin B J. Ammonia assimilation. In: Miflin B J ed. The Biochemistry of Plants: Amino Acids and Derivatives. New York: Academic Press, 1980. pp 169-202 [20] Sechley K A, Yamaya T, Oaks A. Compartment of nitrogen assimilation in higher plants. Int Rev Cytol, 1992, 134: 85-163 [21] Mo L-Y(莫良玉), Wu L-H(吴良欢), Tao Q-N(陶勤南). Effects of different nitrogen forms on rice seedlings under sterilized culture at high temperature. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2002, 8(2): 157-161 (in Chinese with English abstract) [22] Husted S, Hebbern C A, Mattsson M, Schjoerring J K. A critical experimental evaluation of methods for determination of NH+4 in plant tissue, xylem sap and apoplastic fluid. Physiologia Plantarum, 2000, 109: 167-179 [23] Lam H M, Coschigano K T, Oliveira I C, Melo-Oliveira R, Coruzzi G M. The molecular genetics of nitrogen assimilation into amino acids in higher plants. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol, 1996, 47: 569-593 [24] Ling Q-H(凌启鸿), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Ding Y-F(丁艳锋), Ling L(凌励), Su Z-F(苏祖芳), Xu M(徐茂), Que J-H(阙金华), Wang S-H(王绍华). Study on precise and quantitative N application in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2005, 38(12): 2457-2467 (in Chinese with English abstract) Ling Q-H(凌启鸿), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Ding Y-F(丁艳锋), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Ling L(凌励), Wang S-H(王绍华), Xu M(徐茂). Precise and quantitative cultivation for high yield in rice. North Rice (北方水稻), 2007, (2): 1-9 (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [1] | 胡赵, 钱润, 谢丰璞, 应素平. 水稻SPX基因家族鉴定及响应磷处理的表达分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1902-1912. |
| [2] | 邹仪妹, 徐敏, 汪海洋, 姚辉, 王加峰, 刘浩, 任代胜. 两系不育系水稻幼苗根系响应盐胁迫的转录因子调控网络鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1728-1742. |
| [3] | 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372. |
| [4] | 陈伟, 卫万娟, 赵其兵, 常东伟, 余凌波, 翟鹏飞, 冯志明, 陈宗祥, 任仰涛, 杨鹏, 刘海浪, 李珍富, 杨永乐, 金彦刚, 左示敏. 利用CRISPR/Cas9编辑Hd6基因创制优质早熟水稻新种质[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1046-1056. |
| [5] | 石少阶, 刘凯, 陈姿夷, 王卉颖, 李三和, 周雷, 游艾青. 水稻矮化多分蘖基因DMT1的克隆与功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1022-1034. |
| [6] | 覃奕琰, 付瑶, 苏畅, 李娜, 徐静茹, 程笑然, 张琪, 赵明辉. OsST41调控水稻苗期耐盐性的功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 802-812. |
| [7] | 叶凡, 李帅, 李思宇, 陈云, 窦超银, 刘立军. 不同节水灌溉方式对东北稻区水稻产量和群体质量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 895-907. |
| [8] | 王婵, 吴莹莹, 李文奇, 李霞, 王芳权, 周彤, 杨杰. 基于HRM技术开发水稻抗条纹叶枯病基因STV11功能标记[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(9): 2547-2556. |
| [9] | 高园, 李霞, 魏少博, 田小海, 周文彬. 植物光合午休研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(9): 2253-2265. |
| [10] | 陈惠莹, 何嘉欣, 朱斌, 黄士轩, 周星佑, 伍君权, 杨美艳. 水稻黄单胞菌噬菌体vB_XaS_HDB2的全基因组分析和生物学特性研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2087-2099. |
| [11] | 杨海洋, 吴林宣, 李博纹, 石翰峰, 袁禧龙, 刘金朝, 蔡海荣, 陈诗怡, 郭涛, 王慧. 基于QTL定位发现的OsWRI3调控水稻种子的落粒性[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(7): 1712-1724. |
| [12] | 雷松翰, 范骏扬, 车艳奕, 代永东, 郑雨萌, 田维江, 桑贤春, 王晓雯. 水稻内卷叶突变体acl3的鉴定及调控基因的功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(6): 1467-1479. |
| [13] | 李福媛, 杨奕, 马继琼, 许明辉, 林良斌, 孙一丁. 水稻OsPUB4基因克隆、激素诱导表达分析与互作蛋白筛选[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(6): 1690-1700. |
| [14] | 王梦宁, 谢可冉, 高逖, 王飞, 任孝俭, 熊栋梁, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 崔克辉. 水稻幼穗分化期至抽穗期高温对籽粒形态和充实的影响及其与粒重的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(5): 1347-1362. |
| [15] | 盛倩男, 方娅婷, 赵剑, 杜思垚, 胡行珍, 余秋华, 朱俊, 任涛, 鲁剑巍. 不同养分管理措施对稻田和旱地油菜产量的影响及其对冻害的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(5): 1286-1298. |
|
||