作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (08): 1434-1444.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01434
刘利1,雷小龙1,王丽1,邓飞1,刘代银2,任万军1,*
LIU Li1,LEI Xiao-Long1,WANG Li1,DENG Fei1,LIU Dai-Yin2,REN Wan-Jun1,*
摘要:
为探讨杂交稻机械化播栽技术的穗粒数形成特点,以F优498为材料,采用两因素裂区试验设计,研究了3种种植方式和2个穴苗数水平对杂交稻枝梗和颖花分化及退化的影响。结果表明,机械精量穴直播和机插的每穗总枝梗分化数及现存数均高于常规手插,每穗总颖花现存数显著低于常规手插。机械精量穴直播的一次枝梗、颖花分化数和现存数显著高于常规手插,机插的一次枝梗、颖花分化数和现存数则显著低于常规手插。机械精量穴直播和机插的二次枝梗分化数和退化数均显著高于常规手插,二次颖花分化数表现为机插>常规手插>机械精量穴直播,二次颖花现存数则是常规手插>机插>机械精量穴直播。不同种植方式之间,二次枝梗分化数和退化数差异主要集中在稻穗基部,不同一次枝梗部位的二次枝梗现存数呈现“先升后降”趋势,主要与稻穗基部二次枝梗严重退化有关。每穗一次颖花现存数从穗基部至顶部呈逐渐下降趋势,不同一次枝梗部位的二次颖花现存数差异则与该部位分化二次颖花的能力有关。高穴苗数处理每穗枝梗和颖花分化数及现存数均显著低于低穴苗数处理。考虑种植方式和穴苗数二者的交互效应,机插和常规手插适宜配合低穴苗数,机械精量穴直播则以高穴苗数为宜。
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