欢迎访问作物学报,今天是

作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 1899-1908.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01899

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

华南主栽高产籼稻根系形态特征及其与产量构成的关系

陈达刚,周新桥,李丽君,刘传光,张旭,陈友订*   

  1. 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 / 广东省水稻育种新技术重点实验室 / 国家水稻改良中心广州分中心,广东广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-29 修回日期:2013-06-10 出版日期:2013-10-12 网络出版日期:2013-07-31
  • 通讯作者: 陈友订, E-mail: chenyoud@21cn.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由广东省水稻产业化推进关键技术研究与示范项目(2009B020201005),广东省科技计划项目(2007A020300004-3)和广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(07-支撑-08)资助。

Relationship between Root Morphological Characteristics and Yield Components of Major Commercial Indica Rice in South China

CHEN Da-Gang,ZHOU Xin-Qiao,LI Li-Jun,LIU Chuan-Guang,ZHANG Xu,CHEN You-Ding*   

  1. Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding / Guangzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • Received:2013-01-29 Revised:2013-06-10 Published:2013-10-12 Published online:2013-07-31
  • Contact: 陈友订, E-mail: chenyoud@21cn.com

摘要:

为探明不同类型高产籼稻的根系形态特征差异及其与产量的关系,以7个目前在华南地区大面积推广应用的主导品种(组合)合美占、桂农占、玉香油占、粤晶丝苗2号、五优308、天优998、天优122为材料,在2010—2011年进行两年盆栽试验,分别考查分蘖盛期、抽穗期及成熟期的单株、单茎及单条不定根形态性状,利用WinRhizo根系分析系统分析抽穗期的根系分枝特征,并计算根系形态特征与产量的相关性。结果表明: (1)杂交籼稻组合各生育时期的单株根数、单株根长、单茎根长及单条根长均显著大于常规籼稻品种;单株和单茎的根体积与干重差异不明显;常规稻单条根质量则普遍高于杂交稻。(2)抽穗期不同级别根的表面积和体积均为不定根>粗分枝根>细分枝根,杂交稻不同级别根的总长度为粗分枝根>不定根>细分枝根,常规稻则为不定根>粗分枝根>细分枝根;杂交稻的分枝根总长度及粗分枝根和细分枝根的长度、表面积、体积都显著大于常规稻;常规稻的平均根直径则显著大于杂交稻。(3)杂交稻与常规稻根系特征的主要差异是单株根数和长度的差异,分蘖数和单条根长度的差异是两者根系特征差异的重要原因。(4)单株不定根数、不定根总长、根干重等12个根系性状分别与产量显著或极显著正相关;单株不定根数和分枝根总表面积分别是影响产量的主要因素。这些结果为水稻根系遗传改良和超高产育种及栽培提供了参考。

关键词: 华南, 籼稻, 根系性状, 产量, WinRhizo

Abstract:

Seven inbred and hybrid indica rice cultivars widely planted in recent years in South China were used in pot experiment in 2010–2011, and the root traits including root number, root length, root volume and root dry weight per plant, stem and single adventitious root were investigated at active tillering, heading and maturity stages, meanwhile, characteristics of root branching at heading stage was investigated by WinRhizo system. Furthermore, the correlation between root traits and yield was analyzed. Results were as follows: (1) The number of adventitious roots per plant (NARP), total length of adventitious roots per plant (TLRP), total length of adventitious roots per stem (TLRS) and length per adventitious root (LPAR) of the hybrid rice were significantly larger than those of the inbred rice at each stage. Volume of roots per plant (VRPP), volume of roots per stem (VRPS), dry weight of roots per plant (DWRP) and dry weight of roots per stem (DWRS) showed no significant difference between hybrid rice and inbred rice. However, the root quality such as volume per adventitious root (VPAR), dry weight per adventitious root (DWAR) and dry weight per unit length of root (DWPL) of inbred rice was better than that of hybrid rice. (2) The total surface area and volume of branched roots at heading stage were adventitious root > coarse branched root > fine branched root with significant difference. Total root length of hybrid rice was coarse branched roots > adventitious roots > fine branched roots, and that of inbred rice was adventitious roots > coarse branched roots > fine branched roots. Moreover, the total length of branched roots, total length, surface area, volume of coarse branched roots and fine branched roots of hybrid rice were very significantly higher than those of inbred rice. But the average root diameter of inbred rice was very significantly higher than that of hybrid rice. (3) The difference of root characteristics between hybrid rice and inbred rice was mainly come from number of adventitious roots per plant and root length, which was caused by the difference of tiller number and single root length between hybrid rice and inbred rice. (4) Twelve root traits showed a significantly positive correlation with yield per plant. Number of adventitious roots per plant (NARP) and total surface area of branched roots (SABR) were major factor influencing the yield. The results above provide some informations for genetic improvement of rice roots and super rice breeding and cultivation.

Key words: South China, Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.), Root traits, Yield, WinRhizo

[1]Shi Q-H(石庆华), Huang Y-J(黄英金), Li M-Y(李木英), Xu Y-Q(徐益群), Tan X-M(谭雪明), Zhang P-L(张佩莲). Studies on the heredity of root characteristics and correlation between the characteristics of roots and upperground parts in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 1997, 30(4): 61–67 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[2]Cai K-Z(蔡昆争), Luo S-M(骆世明), Duan S-S(段舜山). The relationship between root system of rice and aboveground characteristics and yield. J South China Agric Univ (华南农业大学学报), 2005, 26(2): 1–4 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[3]Zhao Q-Z(赵全志), Qiao J-F(乔江方), Liu H(刘辉), Tian Z-Q(田志强). Relationship between root and leaf photosynthetic characteristic in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2007, 40(5): 1064–1068 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[4]Zhang H, Xue Y G, Wang Z Q, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Morphological and physiological traits of roots and their relationships with shoot growth in super rice. Field Crops Res, 2009, 113: 31–40



[5]Zhang Y-F(张岳芳),Wang Y-L(王余龙), Zhang C-S(张传胜), Dong G-C(董桂春), Yang L-X(杨连新), Huang J-Y(黄建晔), Long Y-C(龙银成). Relationship between N accumulation and root traits in conventional indica rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(8): 1121–1129 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[6]Wei H-Y(魏海燕), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Zhang S-F(张胜飞), Hang J(杭杰), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Huo Z-Y(霍中洋), Xu K(许轲), Ma Q(马群). Root morphological and physiological characteristics in rice genotypes with different N use efficiencies. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(3): 429–436 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[7]Yu X-F(于小凤), Li Q-J(李进前), Tian H(田昊), Peng B(彭斌), Zhang Y(张燕), Wang Y(王熠), Yuan Q-M(袁秋梅), Huang J-Y(黄建晔), Wang Y-L(王余龙), Dong G-C(董桂春). Root traits affecting N absorptive capacity in conventional Japonica rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2011, 44(21): 4358–4366 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]Zhu D-F(朱德峰), Lin X-Q(林贤青), Cao W-X(曹卫星). Effects of deep roots on growth and yield in two rice varieties. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2001, 34(4): 429–432 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]Liu T-J(刘桃菊), Qi C-H(戚昌瀚), Tang J-J(唐建军). Studies on relationship between the character parameters of root and yield formation in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2002, 35(11): 1416–1419 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[10]Zhang C-S(张传胜), Wang Y-L(王余龙), Long Y-C(龙银成), Dong G-C(董桂春), Yang L-X(杨连新), Huang J-Y(黄建晔). Main root traits affecting yield level in conventional indica rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2005, 31(2): 137–143 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]Zhong X-H(钟旭华), Huang N-Y(黄农荣). Preliminary study on the relationship between rice grain chalkiness and root activity at grain-filling stage. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2005, 19(5): 471–474 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]Yang J C, Chang E H, Zhang W J, Wang Z Q, Liu L J. Relationship between root chemical signal and grain quality of rice. Agric Sci China, 2007, 6: 47–57



[13]Xue Y-F(薛艳凤), Lang Y-Z(郎有忠), Lü C-G(吕川根), Zhang H-X(张洪熙), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森), Yang J-C(杨建昌), Zou J-S(邹江石). Study on leaf and root senescence of Liangyoupeijiu and its male parent Yangdao 6 after heading. J Yangzhou Univ (扬州大学学报), 2008, 29(3): 7–11 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[14]Xu F-X(徐富贤), Zheng J-K(郑家奎), Zhu Y-C(朱永川), Ding G-X(丁国祥), Wang G-X(王贵雄). Relationship between rooting ability and drought resistance at full-heading in mid-season hybrids rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2003, 29(2): 188–193 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[15]Yoichiro K, Midori O. Root growth dynamics and stomatal behaviour of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under aerobic and flooded conditions. Field Crops Res, 2010, 117: 9–17



[16]Veeresh R P G, Amelia H, Akira Y, Shashidharb H E, Rachid S. Root biology and genetic improvement for drought avoidance in rice. Field Crops Res, 2011,122: 1–13



[17]Shi Q-H(石庆华), Li M-Y(李木英), Xu J-B(许锦彪), Tan X-M(谭雪明). Effects of high temperature stress on ATPase activity of plasma membrane and NH4+ absorption rate in roots of early rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(7): 1044–1048 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Wu W-M(吴伟明), Cheng S-H(程式华). Significance and prospects of breeding for root system in rice (Oryza sativa). Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2005, 19(2): 174–180 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[19]Yang S-R(杨守仁), Zhang L-B(张龙步), Chen W-F(陈温福), Xu Z-J(徐正进), Wang J-M(王进民). Theories and methods of rice breeding for maximum yield. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 1996, 10(2): 115–120 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[20]Yuan L-P(袁隆平). Hybrid rice breeding for super high yield. Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻), 1997, 12(6): 1–6 (in Chinese)



[21]Khush G S. Breaking the yield frontier of rice. GeoJournal, 1995, 35: 329–332



[22]Gu D-X(顾东祥), Tang L(汤亮), Cao W-X(曹卫星), Zhu Y(朱艳). Quantitative analysis on root morphological characteristics based on image analysis method in rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2010, 36(5): 810–817 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[23]Chen J(陈键). Comparative study on roots of indica and japonica varieties and their hybrids. J Shenyang Agric Univ (沈阳农业大学学报), 1991, (suppl-1): 99–105 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[24]Dong G-C(董桂春), Wang Y-L(王余龙), Wang J-G(王坚刚), Shan Y-H(单玉华), Ma A-J(马爱京), Yang H-J(杨洪建), Zhang C-S(张传胜), Cai H-R(蔡惠荣). Differences of root traits among varietal types in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2002, 28(6): 749–755 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[25]Dong G-C(董桂春), Dong Y-P(董燕萍), Zhang B(张彪), Zhou J(周娟), Li J-Q(李进前), Yu X-F(于小凤), Tian H(田昊), Wang Y-L(王余龙). Differences of root traits in conventional indica rice cultivars with different types of sink-potential. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2009, 42(9): 3058–3066 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[26]Dong G-C(董桂春), Li J-Q(李进前), Tian H(田昊), Yu X-F(于小凤), Zhang B(张彪), Zhang C-S(张传胜), Zhang Y-F(张岳芳), Huang J-Y(黄建晔), Wang Y-L(王余龙). Characteristics of roots traits in conventional indica rice cultivars with large-panicle. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2009, 35(7): 1357–1363 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[27]Liang Y-S(梁永书), Zhan X-D(占小登), Gao Z-Q(高志强), Lin Z-C(林泽川), Shen X-H(沈希宏), Cao L-Y(曹立勇), Cheng S-H(程式华). Phenotypic relationship between roots and important shoot agronomic traits using a RIL and two derived backcross population of super rice Xieyou 9308. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2011, 37(10): 1711–1723 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[28]Bouma T J, Nielsen K L, Koutstaal B. Sample preparation and scanning protocol for computerized analysis of root length and diameter. Plant Soil, 2000, 218: 185–196



[29]Himmelbauer M L, Loiskandl W, Kastanek F. Estimating length, average diameter and surface area of roots using two different Image analyses systems. Plant Soil, 2004, 260: 111–120



[30]Wang M B, Zhang Q. Issues in using the WinRHIZO system to determine physical characteristics of plant fine roots. Acta Ecol Sin, 2009, 29: 136–138



[31]Tang W-B(唐文帮), Deng H-B(邓化冰), Xiao Y-H(肖应辉), Zhang G-L(张桂莲), Fan K(范科), Mo H(莫慧), Chen L-Y(陈立云). Root characteristics of high-yield C Liangyou rice combinations of two-line hybrid rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2010, 43(14): 2859–2868 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[32]Zhu D-F(朱德峰), Lin X-Q(林贤青), Cao W-X(曹卫星). Characteristics of root distribution of super high-yielding rice varieties. J Nanjing Agric Univ (南京农业大学学报), 2000, 23(4): 5–8 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[1] 胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846.
[2] 马胜乾, 王志平, 陈浩天, 窦淑贤, 张燕, 邓艾兴, 张卫建, 原向阳, 宋振伟. 秸秆还田下耕作方式与氮肥施用量对东北玉米产量及土壤团聚体的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816.
[3] 张思思, 赵向辉, 周洋, 姚云凤, 朱荣昱, 董元杰, 胡国庆, 徐通, 刘兆新. 冬闲期翻耕和绿肥还田对连作花生田土壤理化性质和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486.
[4] 张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325.
[5] 王宇诚, 张露, 刘阿康, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 袁珅. 基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1279-1290.
[6] 赵佳雪, 周龙昊, 郭岂源, 尚伦霄, 王涵, 刘志涛, 陈曦, 张晓佩, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽. 长期秸秆还田与深松通过改善土壤环境与棉花光合特性提高滨海盐碱地棉花产量[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560.
[7] 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547.
[8] 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[9] 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372.
[10] 刘昕萌, 任昊, 张继波, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 王洪章. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)缓解高温影响玉米雌穗分化的生理机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572.
[11] 王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521.
[12] 张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500.
[13] 侯思宇, 王国璀, 韦金贵, 谢玮欣, 殷文, 樊志龙, 柴强, 胡发龙. 绿肥配施化学氮肥对西北干旱灌区小麦干物质积累及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1208-1219.
[14] 尚云秋, 赵竹, 陈欢, 丁永刚, 乔玉强, 李玮, 张向前, 曹承富, 杜世州. 长期定位耕作方式对雨养小麦籽粒灌浆和产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1236-1250.
[15] 蔡宏玮, 于爱忠, 姜科强, 王鹏飞, 王玉珑, 霍建喆, 庞小能, 尹波, 尚永盼. 干旱灌区有机肥替代部分化肥促进甜玉米产量提升的关键机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!