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21份无芒雀麦种质农艺性状及种子产量的综合评价与优异种质筛选

蒋昂辰1,2,李琰1,3,李雨晨1,3,张晶4,陈爱萍1,2,3,*   

  1. 1新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐830052; 2西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐830052; 3新疆草地资源与生态实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐830052; 4新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站, 新疆乌鲁木齐830049
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-26 修回日期:2025-08-13 接受日期:2025-08-13 网络出版日期:2025-08-25
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-34)资助。

Comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits and seed yield of 21 Bromus inermis germplasm and screening of superior germplasm

Jiang Ang-Chen1,2,Li Yan1,3,Li Yu-Chen1,3,Zhang Jin4,Chen Ai-Ping1,2,3,*   

  1. 1 College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 2 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 3 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 4 Grassland General Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830049, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2025-05-26 Revised:2025-08-13 Accepted:2025-08-13 Published online:2025-08-25
  • Supported by:
    1 College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 2 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 3 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China; 4 Grassland General Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830049, Xinjiang, China

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摘要：

本研究以21份来自不同地区的无芒雀麦材料为对象，对其农艺性状、种子产量进行研究，并运用相关性分析、通径分析、主成分分析和隶属函数等对21份无芒雀麦进行了综合评价，旨在为筛选适应新疆地区生态环境且种子高产的无芒雀麦品种奠定基础。结果表明，种子产量与单序籽粒数、穗长、小穗数、小穗长呈极显著正相关(P < 0.01)，与小穗宽呈显著负相关(P < 0.05)。通径分析表明，小穗长对种子产量的直接效应最大(0.618)，且与种子产量的相关系数高达0.97，可作为种子产量评价的关键指标。主成分分析表明，前3个主成分累积贡献率达到81.57%，其中第1主成分主要反映了小穗长、穗长和种子产量的信息。基于隶属函数法和D值分析，筛选出X20、X13和X14三份高产种质材料，这些材料具有良好的适应性和高产潜力，适合在新疆地区推广种植。

关键词: 无芒雀麦, 农艺性状, 种子产量, 相关性分析, 综合评价

Abstract:

In this study, 21 Bromus inermis accessions from different regions were evaluated for their agronomic traits and seed yield. A combination of correlation analysis, path analysis, principal component analysis, and membership function analysis was employed to comprehensively assess these accessions, providing a foundation for selecting B. inermis varieties that are well adapted to the ecological conditions of the Xinjiang region and capable of producing high seed yields. Results showed a highly significant positive correlation between seed yield and the number of grains per spike, spike length, spikelet number, and spikelet length (P < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation with spikelet width (P < 0.05). Path analysis indicated that spikelet length had the strongest direct effect on seed yield (path coefficient = 0.618), with a notably high correlation coefficient of 0.97, suggesting it could serve as a key indicator for evaluating seed yield. Principal component analysis revealed that the first three principal components collectively explained 81.57% of the total variance, with the first component mainly associated with spikelet length, spike length, and seed yield. Based on membership function values and D-value analysis, three high-yielding germplasm lines—X20, X13, and X14—were identified. These lines exhibit strong adaptability and high yield potential, making them suitable candidates for cultivation and promotion in the Xinjiang region.

Key words: Bromus inermis, agronomic traits, seed yield, analysis of relationship, comprehensive evaluation

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