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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 2559-2569.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.51064

所属专题： 小麦：综述

• 综述 •    下一篇

小麦抗茎基腐病遗传育种研究的现状与展望

马骏1,2,*(), 陈锋1,3, 殷贵鸿1,3, 胡海燕1,4, 魏学宁5, 解超杰1,2, 孔令让6,*()   

  1. 1小麦玉米两熟高效生产全国重点实验室, 北京 100193
    2中国农业大学农学院, 北京 100193
    3河南农业大学农学院, 河南郑州 450046
    4河南科技学院农学院, 河南新乡 453003
    5中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京 100081
    6小麦育种全国重点实验室 / 山东农业大学农学院, 山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-17 接受日期:2025-07-28 出版日期:2025-10-12 网络出版日期:2025-07-29
  • 通讯作者: *马骏, E-mail: Junma@cau.edu.cn;孔令让, E-mail: lkong@sdau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32472084);国家自然科学基金项目(32171995);农业生物育种项目(2023ZD04025)

Progress and prospects in genetic breeding for Fusarium crown rot resistance in wheat

MA Jun1,2,*(), CHEN Feng1,3, YIN Gui-Hong1,3, HU Hai-Yan1,4, WEI Xue-Ning5, XIE Chao-Jie1,2, KONG Ling-Rang6,*()   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Production of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping, Beijing 100193, China
    2College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
    3College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
    4College of Agronomy, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
    5Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    6State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement / College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Received:2025-06-17 Accepted:2025-07-28 Published:2025-10-12 Published online:2025-07-29
  • Contact: *E-mail: Junma@cau.edu.cn;E-mail: lkong@sdau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472084);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171995);Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04025)

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摘要：

小麦茎基腐病(Fusarium crown rot, FCR)是一种由镰孢菌属真菌引起的世界性土传病害。近年来该病害在我国迅速蔓延, 已严重威胁小麦安全生产。种植抗病品种是防治茎基腐病最为经济、有效的措施之一。然而, 目前我国小麦生产中大部分品种对于茎基腐病的抗性表现都不够理想, 相关抗性遗传研究进展也相对较慢。本文综述了国内外在小麦茎基腐病抗性鉴定方法、抗源筛选以及抗性遗传分析等关键领域的研究进展, 同时针对小麦茎基腐病遗传育种研究中的一些难点问题, 建议通过建立温室-大田二级制接种鉴定体系、加大抗源筛选规模、聚合多种类型抗性基因以及开展全国联合攻关等措施加速茎基腐病抗病品种培育进程。

关键词: 小麦, 茎基腐病, 抗性鉴定方法, 抗源筛选, 抗性遗传分析

Abstract:

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) caused by Fusarium species is a global soil-borne disease of wheat. In recent years, this disease has rapidly spread in China and has severely threatened local wheat production. Growing disease resistant variety is an effectively approach to manage the FCR damage. However, most of the wheat varieties released in China are susceptible to FCR. The number of resistance gene identified so far remains limited. This article mainly reviews the domestic and international research progresses in several key areas for genetic breeding of FCR-resistant varieties, including inoculation methods and disease assessment, resistant germplasm screening and genetic architecture underlying FCR resistance in wheat. We proposed that to address the major challenges in the related fields, it is necessary to establish a greenhouse-field dual inoculation system, expand the scale of resistant source screening, pyramid multiple types of resistance genes and conduct nationwide joint research. This article provides useful clues for accelerating the genetic breeding of FCR-resistant varieties.

Key words: wheat, Fusarium crown rot, inoculation methods, screening for resistant germplasm, genetic analysis of resistance

图1

小麦茎基腐病主要症状"

表1

小麦抗茎基腐病鉴定重复位点"

染色体
Chromosome		 数量性状基因座
Quantitative trait loci		 关联标记
Associated marker		 物理位置
Physical position (Mb)		 参考文献
Reference
1A Qfcr.sicau.1A-1 wsnp_Ku_cl83_358844 8.33-14.33 [32,54]
1A Qcr-Xwmc120 Xwmc120-Xwmc312 344.70 [55-56]
1B Qcr-Affx-88612017 Affx-88612017 5.85 [57-58]
1D Qcr-Afx-92108178 Affx-92108178, BobWhite_c1715_887 6.33-9.88 [19,57]
1D Qcr.usq-1D.1-Xwmc216 Xwmc216, ChrlD-416032418 364.03 [19,48-49,55]
2B *TaCWI-BI-TraesCS2B02G311900 Xgwm630, Xcfa2278, primer P9, Chr2B-518870327 442.79-446.08 [52,59-61]
2D Qcrs.cpi-2D-1131013|F|0 1131013|F|0, BS00062567_51, D_con-tig17313_245 1.13-13.78 [19,62]
2D Qcr-Xgwm484 Xgwm484, wPt-669517 37.05-48.17 [52,63]
3A
 Qcr-BobWhite_c30009_285
 wsnp_Ra_cl6278_24893033, BobWhite_c30009_285, Excalibur_rep_c68583_689 68.30-79.45
 [19,62]
3A Qcr-CAP8_c1393_327 CAP8_c1393_327, Ku_c1638_648 557.42-565.78 [19,62]
3A Qcr-BS00036168_51_3A Excalibur_c78654_184, BS00036168_51_3A 687.92-688.62 [19,64]
3B *Qcr-CAP12_rep_c3868_270 CAP12_rep_c3868_270, Xgwm389 0.81-0.99 [62,65]
3B Qfer.sicau.3B-1 SNP7310, AX-110372139 23.11-39.46 [54,63,66]
3B Qfcr.sicau.3B-4 SNP7936, BS0007299451, BS0007902951, IACX11310 582.01-586.51 [32,54]
3B
 Qcrs.cpi-3B, Qcrs.wau-3BL
 Xgwm181, wPt-1834, Xumc236, Xgwm299, Xgwm247, wPt-0365RCR, RAC875_c17373_848, 830.40
 [31-32,52,61,63-64,67]
3D *TaAACTI-TraesCS3D02G005500.1 Qfcr.sicau.3D-1, SNP8533 2.15-5.30 [54,68]
4A QFCR-S.saas-4AS BS00035307_51, IWA1900 3.38-8.20 [32,56]
4B
 Qcrs.cpi-4B.2
 11084721F10, 10936161F10, wsnp_Ku_cl2399_20037334 1.11-1.26
 [50,62]
4B Qcr.usq-4B.1 Xbarc193, wPt-4535 24.92-26.12 [48,52]
4B Qcrs.cpi-4B.1 100004319|F|0, wPt-5334 101.69 [50,67]
4B
 Kukri_c15910_159
 Kukri_c15910_159, wPt-732448, wsnp_Ex_c296_57479 527.01-535.07
 [19,52]
4B
 *Qcr.usq-4B.1-Xgwm251
 Xgwm251, GENE-2422_208, BobWhite_c11005236
 568.56-579.39
 [19,22,48-49,52,55]
4B Qfcr.sicau.4B-2 SNP10193, IACX6482, RAC875_rep_c72961_977 617.00-629.22 [19,54,62]
4B

 *TaDIR-BI-TraesCS4B02G385500

 TracesCS4B02G385500, SNP10261, Kukri_c21787_283, AX-110977572, AX-111079978, BS00034147_51 664.68-652.91

 [19,54,69]

5A Qcr-Kukri_c33022_198 Kukri_c33022_198, wsnp_Ex_c8424_14192191_5A 589.22-595.15 [19,64]
5A Ofcr-sicau.5A-1 SNP11200, wsnp_BG607308A_TA_2_1 620.15-617.35 [19,54]
5D Qcrs.cpi-5D 1215315|F|0, 1237596|F|0, Xcfd189 1.22-8.75 [50,59,70]
5D *Qcr-5DL-Affx-110484766 Affx-110557977, Affx-110079634, 79.57 [57,62]
5D Qcr-D_contig79410_237 Excalibur_c2795_1518, D_contig79410_237 542.66-546.92 [19,62]
6A Qcr-IAAV5346 IAAV5346, RAC875_c17297_341, BS00065852_51 63.30-74.00 [19,62]
6B Qcr-AX-108823788 Jagger_c555_287_6B, AX-108823788 191.53-191.99 [64,66]
6B Qcr-Xbarc178 Xbarc24-Xbare178, RAC875_c60007_199 656.19-664.63 [32,65]
6B Qcr-Kukri_c27662_675 Kukri_c27662_675, BobWhite_c19298_97 705.38 [19,62]
7A
 Qcr.usq-7A.1
 Tdurum_contig54860_441_7A, wPt-4748, Bobwhite_c33300_159 17.33-20.66
 [32,48,64]
7B Qcr-Kukri_c28260_2017 Kukri_c28160_2017, RAC875_c4876_2096_7B 716.96-734.27 [19,64]

表2

小麦抗茎基腐病基因"

基因名称
Gene name		 编码产物
Product		 染色体
Chromosome		 参考文献
Reference
TaDIR-B1 引导蛋白 Dirigent proteins (DIR) 4B [69]
TaCWI-B1 细胞壁转化酶 Cell wall invertase (CWI) 2B [60]
TaRLK-6A 类受体激酶 Receptor-like kinase (RLK) 6A [79]
TdRCA1 MYB 转录因子 MYB transcription factor 7A [80]
TaOPR3 12-氧-植物二烯酸还原酶 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase (OPR) 7A [3]
Fhb7 谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 Glutathione S-transferase (GST) 7E [44]
TaWAK-6D 细胞壁相关蛋白激酶 Wall-associated kinase (WAK) 6D [81]
TaAACT1 胞质乙酰乙酰辅酶 A 硫解酶II Cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase II (AACT) 3D [68]
TaCRK-7A 富含半胱氨酸类受体激酶 Cysteine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (CRK) 7A [82]
TaSnRK1α 蛋白激酶 α 亚基 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase alpha subunit (SnRK) 1A [83]
TaCAT2 过氧化氢酶 Catalase (CAT) 6A [83]
BGI1 肉桂醇脱氢酶 Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) 6D [84]
TaWRKY24 WRKY转录因子 WRKY transcription factors 1D [85]
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