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抗黄曲霉产毒花生种质的筛选与评价

崔梦杰1，王督2，齐飞艳1，孙子淇1，郭敬坤1，刘华1，黄冰艳1，董文召1，代小冬1，韩锁义1,*，张新友1,*   

  1. 1 河南省作物分子育种研究院 / 神农种业实验室 / 农业农村部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室 / 河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室, 河南郑州 450002; 2 农业农村部生物毒素检测重点实验室 / 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所, 湖北武汉 430062
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-11 修回日期:2025-07-09 接受日期:2025-07-09 网络出版日期:2025-07-17
  • 通讯作者: 张新友, E-mail: haasxinyou@163.com; 韩锁义, E-mail: suoyi_han@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由河南省农业科学院优秀青年基金项目(2024YQ03), 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32301851), 河南省科技研发联合基金项目(242301420023)和河南省科技攻关项目(242102110308)资助。

Screening and evaluation of peanut germplasms for resistance to aflatoxin production

CUI Meng-Jie1,WANG Du2,QI Fei-Yan1,SUN Zi-Qi1,GUO Jing-Kun1,LIU Hua1,HUANG Bing-Yan1,DONG Wen-Zhao1,DAI Xiao-Dong1,HAN Suo-Yi1,*,ZHANG Xin-You1,*   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / The Shennong Laboratory / Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
  • Received:2025-04-11 Revised:2025-07-09 Accepted:2025-07-09 Published online:2025-07-17
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Excellent Youth Fund Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2024YQ03), the Youth Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (32301851), the Henan Province Science and Technology R&D Joint Fund (242301420023) and the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (242102110308).

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摘要：

黄曲霉毒素污染是制约花生产业健康发展的重要因素之一，而培育抗产毒花生品种是从根本上解决这一问题的有效方式。为评估国内外花生种质的产毒抗性能力，本研究以侵染抗性鉴定过的320份花生种质为材料，采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS)测定籽仁中的黄曲霉毒素B1 (AFB1)和B2 (AFB2)含量，筛选抗产毒花生种质，并分析毒素含量与侵染指数、籽仁营养品质之间的相关性，同时比较不同植物学类型、株型种质间黄曲霉毒素含量之间的差异。研究结果表明，前期基于320份种质筛选获得的13份稳定抗侵染花生材料中，黄曲霉毒素B1含量均显著低于抗产毒对照品种，其中C203和C206的毒素含量低于10.00 mg kg?1，表现为稳定高抗侵染和抗产毒特性。相关性结果表明，黄曲霉毒素B1和B2含量呈极显著正相关(P < 0.001)，侵染指数与毒素含量亦呈极显著正相关(P < 0.001)。此外，籽仁营养品质性状与黄曲霉毒素含量之间无显著相关性。对不同植物学类型和株型的分析表明，抗产毒材料在普通型和蔓生型花生种质中占比更高。综上所述，本研究筛选出13份兼具稳定抗侵染和抗产毒特性的花生种质，可作为优异抗源用于黄曲霉抗性基因挖掘和抗黄曲霉花生品种的遗传改良。

关键词: 花生, 黄曲霉毒素, 种质资源, 抗产毒, 优异抗源

Abstract:

Aflatoxin contamination is a major constraint to the healthy development of the peanut industry. Breeding peanut varieties with resistance to aflatoxin production is an effective strategy for the fundamental prevention and control of aflatoxin contamination. In this study, the resistance to aflatoxin production was evaluated in both domestic and exotic peanut germplasms previously identified as resistant to Aspergillus flavus infection. The concentrations of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and B2 (AFB2) in peanut kernels were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to screen for aflatoxin-resistant germplasms. The study also assessed the correlations between aflatoxin content and infection index, as well as kernel nutritional quality. In addition, differences in aflatoxin content among germplasms of different botanical and plant types were analyzed. Results showed that 13 peanut germplasms, selected from 320 accessions with stable resistance to A. flavus infection, exhibited significantly lower AFB1 levels than the aflatoxin-resistant control. Among these, C203 and C206 had AFB1 concentrations below 10.00 mg kg?1, indicating consistently high resistance to both infection and aflatoxin production. Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant positive relationship between AFB1 and AFB2 contents (P < 0.001), as well as between infection index and aflatoxin content (P < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between aflatoxin content and kernel nutritional quality traits of kernels. Analysis of different botanical types and plant types indicated that aflatoxin-resistant materials were more prevalent from peanut germplasms with var. hypogaea/prostrate. In conclusion, 13 peanut germplasms with stable resistance to both A. flavus infection and aflatoxin production were identified, providing valuable genetic resources for the discovery of aflatoxin resistance genes and the development of resistant peanut varieties.

Key words: peanut, aflatoxin, genetic resources, aflatoxin-resistant, novel resistance resource

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