关键词: 普通小麦, 醇溶蛋白, 等位基因, 变异

Abstract:

Using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(A-PAGE), thirty-seven wheat cultivars and lines from Shandong Province were used to analyze the allelic variation and genetic diversity based on gliadin allelic composition at Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci in order to provide useful database for wheat breeding and quality improvement. The results demonstrated that 58 different gliadin alleles were identified in 37 wheat cultivars and lines, including Gli-A1（12）, Gli-B1（11）, Gli-D1（8）, Gli-A2（9）, Gli-B2（8）and Gli-D2（10）, of which 6 alleles were shown to be more frequent, i.e. Gli-A1a (48.6 %), Gli-B1l (35.1%), Gli-D1k (35.1%), Gli-A2b (35.1%), Gli-B2g (35.1%) and Gli-D2a (29.7%). It was also found that allele Gli-B1l, a marker for 1BL/1RS translocation, had a high frequency of occurrence. The genetic diversity of wheat cultivars and lines from Shandong Province is extensively with the mean Nei’s genetic variation index (H) of 0.7930, varying from 0.7297－0.8269. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli-D2, while the lowest at Gli-A1. In addition, the composition of HMW (high-molecular-weight) gluten subunit was investigated in the wheat cultivars carrying good-quality gliadin alleles, such as Gli-B1b and Gli-A2b. The results showed that there were 5+10 gluten subunit associated with good bread-making quality in Yannong 15, Yanyou 361, Shannong 98-1 and Shannong 93-52 (Fig.3), indicating that these wheat cultivars were probably potential germplasms for improving wheat quality.

Key words: Common Wheat, Gliadins, Alleles, Variation