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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (02): 321-330.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00321

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米叶面积系数动态特征及其积温模型的建立

李向岭1,2,赵明1,*,李从锋1,葛均筑1,侯海鹏1   

  1. 1中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 / 农业部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室，北京100081；2沈阳农业大学农学院，辽宁沈阳110866
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-05 修回日期:2010-09-28 出版日期:2011-02-12 网络出版日期:2010-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 赵明, E-mail: zhaomingcau@163.net, Tel: 010-82108752
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118605)和国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A13)资助。

Dynamic Characteristics of Leaf Area Index in Maize and Its Model Establishment Based on Accumulated Temperature

LI Xiang-Ling1,2,ZHAO Ming1,*,LI Cong-Feng1,GE Jun-Zhu1,HOU Hai-Peng1   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 2 College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
  • Received:2010-07-05 Revised:2010-09-28 Published:2011-02-12 Published online:2010-12-15
  • Contact: 赵明, E-mail: zhaomingcau@163.net, Tel: 010-82108752

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摘要： 为明确不同播期条件下，玉米主要生育时期对积温的需求及叶面积系数动态和活动积温的关系，以不同熟性品种(益农103、先玉335和登海661)为材料，设早播(5月3日)、中播(5月28日)、晚播(6月22日) 3个播种期和4个种植密度处理(4.5万株 hm-2、6.0万株 hm-2、7.5万株 hm-2和9.0万株 hm-2)，并进行全生育期的叶面积系数动态调查和记录田间生态因素，分析其叶面积系数动态特征及积温模型。结果表明，(1)对最大LAI及出苗至成熟的活动积温进行“归一化”处理后可有6个不同型模型，其中Ration曲线方程y = (a+bx)/(1+cx+dx2)具有很好的模拟效果和生物学意义，方程式为y= (-0.05247+1.2766x)/(1-2.6346x+3.6359x2)，r = 0.9479**；通过对2008年的试验和另外试验的进一步验证，模拟的准确度(以k表示)均大于0.9392**，精确度(以R2表示)均大于0.9996**。(2)方程式的参数a、c值在播期、密度和品种间变异很小；b、d值在播期、品种间变异较大，密度间变异很小，可见播期主要通过调节参数b、d值实现对整个方程的调控。(3)在全生育期内，播期对生育天数、平均温度、活动积温、平均LAI、LAI变化速率和籽粒产量均具有调节作用；随着播期的推迟，生育天数、活动积温、平均LAI和籽粒产量均呈减少趋势，平均温度呈增加趋势；生育天数和活动积温均表现为登海661>先玉335>益农103，籽粒产量和平均LAI均表现为先玉335>登海661>益农103。

关键词: 玉米, 叶面积系数, 活动积温, 模型, 播期

Abstract: In order to clarify the demand of accumulated temperature in the growth process of maize cultivars of different maturities and the relationship between leaf area index and accumulated temperature. Three cultivars used (Yinong 103, Xianyu 335, and Denghai 661) were carried, with three sowing dates (May 3rd, May 28th, and June 22nd) and four density treatments (45 000 plants ha-1, 60 000 plants ha-1, 75 000 plants ha-1, and 90 000 plants ha-1). The dynamic characteristics of leaf area index were measured and the model based on accumulated temperature were established. The largest LAI and accumulated temperature from emergence to maturity were normalized, and the six main models were compared. Results show that, the Ration equation y=(a+bx)/(1+cx+dx2) had a good simulation results and would be used significantly in biological applications, the equation was y=(-0.05247+1.2766x)/ (1-2.6346x+3.6359x2), r = 0.9479**, where is relative seedling groups LAI, (a+ b)/(1+c+d) is the relative maturity groups LAI.The values of a and c had a slightly difference, however, the values of b and d changed dramatically among sowing dates and among varieties, and a small difference among densities, showing that sowing dates changed the LAI mainly through the values of b and d in maize. The accuracy and precision of the normalized model were tested with the data of 2008 and the data of 2007 in Huadian, Jilin, the simulation accuracy (k) was all above 0.9392**, and the precision (R2) was all above 0.9996**.  Sowing dates regulated the growth days, average temperature, accumulated temperature, average LAI, change rate of LAI and grain yield in different maturity cultivars of maize, when the sowing date delayed, the growth days, accumulated temperature, the average LAI and grain yield were all decreased, the average temperature was increased.The growing days and accumulated temperature showed as Denghai 661> Xianyu335> Yinong 103, grain yield and average LAI showed as Xianyu335 > Denghai 661 > Yinong 103.

Key words: Maize, Leaf area index, Active accumulated temperature, Simulation model, Sowing date

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