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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (03): 521-528.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00521

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱胁迫对玉米苗期生长和光合特性的影响

张仁和,薛吉全*,浦军,赵兵,张兴华,郑友军,卜令铎   

  1. 西北农林科技大学农学院 / 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室，陕西杨凌712100
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-27 修回日期:2010-12-08 出版日期:2011-03-12 网络出版日期:2011-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 薛吉全, E-mail: xjq2934@yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118604)，国家自然科学基金项目(30971722)和陕西省自然科学基金项目(2010JM3002)资助。

Influence of Drought Stress on Plant Growth and Photosynthetic Traits in Maize Seedings

ZHANG Ren-He,XUE Ji-Quan*,PU Jun,ZHAO Bing,ZHANG Xing-Hua,ZHENG You-Jun,BU Ling-Duo   

  1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University / State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2010-09-27 Revised:2010-12-08 Published:2011-03-12 Published online:2011-01-17
  • Contact: 薛吉全, E-mail: xjq2934@yahoo.com.cn

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2284

被引次数

16

摘要： 以2个不同抗旱性玉米品种郑单958 (抗旱性强)和陕单902 (抗旱性弱)为材料，采用盆栽控水试验，设置轻度干旱，中度干旱，重度干旱和正常灌水处理，研究了干旱胁迫对2个玉米品种植株生长、气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果显示，干旱胁迫抑制2个玉米品种植株生长和相对生长速率，导致整株生物量显著下降。随着干旱胁迫程度加剧，叶片最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、表观量子效率(AQY)、光饱和点(LSP)、气孔导度(Gs)、气孔限制值(Ls)、最大电子传递速率(ETRm)、光能利用效率(α)、光系统II的实际量子产量(ΦPSII)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)均下降，而胞间CO2浓度(Ci)，光补偿点(LCP)和非光化学猝灭系数(qN)均升高。可见，干旱胁迫下叶片光合能力和电子传递速率降低是2个玉米品种生物量减少的主要因素。但郑单958变化幅度小于陕单902，表明郑单958植株生长发育和光合特性比陕单902受干旱胁迫的影响小，较高的电子传递速率、较强的光能转化能力和较大的相对生长速率是郑单958适应干旱环境的重要生理特性。

关键词: 玉米, 干旱胁迫, 光响应, 叶绿素荧光参数, 植株生长

Abstract: The responses of plant growth, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were studied in two different maize hybrids Zhengdan 958 (drought resistant) and Shaandan 902 (drought-sensitive) under three different drought stresses (mild drought, moderate drought, severe drought) and normal irrigation in a pot experiment. The results showed that drought stress inhibited plant growth and relative growth rate in the two hybrids, resulting in a significant decline in biomass. With the increasing of drought stress, the maximum leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pnmax), apparent quantum efficiency (AQY), light saturation point (LSP), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limitation (Ls), maximum electron transport rate (ETRm), photosynthetic efficiency (α), PSII actual quantum yield (ΦPSII) and photochemical quenching (qP) decreased, while the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), light compensation point (LCP) and non-photochemical quenching (qN) increased. But the change extents of all parameters were smaller in Zhengdan 958 than in Shaandan902. This finding indicated that drought stress could significantly decrease the biomass of two maize varieties, possibly caused by reduction in the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. The drought stress damaging effects on plant growth and photosynthesis were minimal on the Zhengdan 958 compared to Shaandan 902. Under drought stress the Zhengdan 958 maintained higher photosynthetic efficiency, stronger light energy transfer capacity and greater relative growth rate that may be the major physiological traits in the adaptive capacity to drought conditions.

Key words: Maize, Drought stress, Light responses of photosynthesis, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Plant growth

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