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作物学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (04): 707-716.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00707

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

机插粳稻氮磷钾吸收分配特征研究

于林惠1,2，李刚华1，徐晶晶1，杨娟娟1，王绍华1，刘正辉1，王强盛1，凌启鸿1，丁艳锋1,*   

  1. 1南京农业大学 / 农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室, 江苏南京210095; 2江苏省农业机械管理局, 江苏南京210024
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-10 修回日期:2011-12-19 出版日期:2012-04-12 网络出版日期:2012-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 丁艳锋, E-mail: dingyf@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家星火计划项目(2010GA690010), 江苏农业自主创新项目(CX11, 2011), 引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划)重点项目(2011-G18)资助。

Characteristics of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium’s Uptake and Partitioning in Mechanical Transplanting Japonica Rice

YU Lin-Hui1,2,LI Gang-Hua1,XU Jing-Jing1,Yang Juan-Juan1,WANG Shao-Hua1,LIU Zheng-Hui1,WANG Qiang-Sheng1,LING Qi-Hong1,DING Yan-Feng1,*   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu; 2 The Bureau of Agricultural Machinery Administration of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210024, China
  • Received:2011-05-10 Revised:2011-12-19 Published:2012-04-12 Published online:2012-02-13
  • Contact: 丁艳锋, E-mail: dingyf@njau.edu.cn

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被引次数

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摘要： 调查研究2008—2009年江苏武进区漕桥(品种为武香粳9号)和前黄(品种为武运粳7号)等2个大于6.7 hm2机插粳稻高产示范方, 探讨机插粳稻养分吸收分配特征, 并对高产精确定量施肥参数进行定量。结果表明, 高产机插粳稻产量的80%左右来自抽穗后的光合产物; 抽穗后叶片的干物质积累呈表观输出, , 而茎鞘的干物质积累呈表观输入; 抽穗后氮素的转运贡献率也主要来自叶片。机插粳稻对氮的吸收量随产量升高而增加, 增加量主要来自抽穗后; 随着产量提高, 抽穗至成熟期氮积累量和积累比例均上升, 对磷钾的吸收量上升但吸收比例却有下降的趋势; 成熟期氮收获指数在0.51~0.61之间, 磷收获指数在0.75左右, 钾收获指数接近0.20; 高产机插粳稻百千克籽粒需氮量为2.0~2.1 kg, 氮磷钾吸收比例为2∶0.9∶1.4。

关键词: 粳稻, 机插, 氮磷钾, 精确施肥, 参数

Abstract: From 2008 to 2009, 2 more than 6.7 ha high-yield demonstration fields at Caoqiao (using cv. Wuxiangjing 9) and Qianhuang (using cv. Wuyunjing 7) in Wujin County, Jiangsu province, were used to investigate the nutrient uptake and partitionging characteristics of mechanical transplanting rice. The results showed that 80% of grain yield of mechanical transplanting rice came from the dry matter accumulation after heading, dry weight decreased in leaves while increased in stem sheath after heading. Leaves were also the main contributor of nitrogen translocation. Nitrogen uptake of mechanical transplanting rice increased with the yield, and the increased nitrogen uptake mainly originated from the nitrogen accumulation after heading. With the increasing yield, the accumulation and proportion of nitrogen from heading to maturity increased. At the same time, the uptake of P2O5 and K2O increased while the dry weight accumulation ratio reduced. The nitrogen harvest index was between 0.51 and 0.61, the P2O5 harvest index was about 0.75, and the K2O harvest index was close to 0.20. For achieving high yield in mechanical transplanting rice, nitrogen requirement for 100 kg grains should be 2.0–2.1 kg, and the optimum ratio of NPK should be 2.0 : 0.9 : 1.4.

Key words: Japonica, Mechanical transplanting rice, Nitrogen、Phosphorus and Potassium, Parameters of precise and quantitative nutrient application, Index

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