作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (05): 905-911.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00905
杨国正1,2,*,王德鹏1,聂以春1,张献龙1
YANG Guo-Zheng1,2,*,WANG De-Peng1,NIE Yi-Chun1,ZHANG Xian-Long1
摘要:
近年来我国棉花生产,要么产量受制于缺钾引起的早衰,要么过量施钾导致生产成本增加和养分流失。然而,最适宜棉花生物质积累和增加产量的钾肥用量并不明了,因而也无适宜的施钾量推荐给农民。因此,采用大田试验(随机区组设计)和盆栽试验研究了钾肥用量对棉花(华杂棉H318)生物量和产量的影响。结果表明,K2处理(225 kg hm–2)产量(1341 kg hm–2)最高,单位面积成铃数(74个 m–2)最多,盆栽试验结果具有相同趋势。同样,K2的棉株生物量,在各个取样时期都最大,尤其是生殖器官生物量。在5个钾肥用量(0~450 kg hm–2)处理中,棉株生物质快速累积期几乎同时启动,但终止期存在一定差异。棉株生物质快速累积期间,K2处理无论是营养器官还是生殖器官生物质的平均累积速度、最大累积速度均最高。可见,在长江中游棉区中等肥力棉田,同时施用N 300 kg hm–2和P2O5 90 kg hm–2的条件下,钾肥用量225 kg hm–2更有利于棉花提高产量,因为在这一用量条件下棉株生物质累积速度最快、累积量最大。
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