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作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1839-1845.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01839

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

花后前期高温对玉米强弱势籽粒生长发育的影响

赵丽晓,张萍,王若男,王璞*,陶洪斌   

  1. 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193
  • 收稿日期:2014-03-20 修回日期:2014-07-06 出版日期:2014-10-12 网络出版日期:2014-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 王璞, E-mail: wangpu@cau.edu.cn, Tel: 010-62733611
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-26)资助。

Effect of High Temperature after Flowering on Growth and Development of Superior and Inferior Maize Kernels

ZHAO Li-Xiao,ZHANG Ping,WANG Ruo-Nan,WANG Pu*,TAO Hong-Bin   

  1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China?
  • Received:2014-03-20 Revised:2014-07-06 Published:2014-10-12 Published online:2014-08-04
  • Contact: 王璞, E-mail: wangpu@cau.edu.cn, Tel: 010-62733611

摘要:

采用籽粒离体培养的方法,研究花后高温对玉米强、弱势籽粒的影响。结果表明,高温处理加快了强、弱势籽粒前期的灌浆速率,但降低了中后期的灌浆速率,导致粒重降低,且对弱势粒影响尤为显著,高温处理强、弱势粒成熟期粒重分别比对照低5.8%17.4%;高温显著降低了籽粒不同灌浆时期的淀粉合成相关酶活性,从而使淀粉含量降低,强势粒的淀粉含量降低幅度小于弱势粒;与对照相比,高温处理后强势籽粒中的3-吲哚乙酸(IAA)和玉米素核苷(ZR)含量显著下降,赤霉素(GA3)含量则无显著差异,而弱势粒IAAZR含量显著降低,但GA3含量增加,可能是导致弱势粒干重受损较大的原因。

关键词: 玉米, 高温, 离体培养, 花后

Abstract:

The kernel culture in vitro was adopted to study the effect of high temperature after flowering on maize superior and inferior kernels. Results indicated that dry matter accumulation of grain decreased, due to the fact that grain development was accelerated at early grain-filling stage by high temperature, but declined at middle late grain filling stage. In mature stage, the dry weight of superior and inferior kernels under high temperature was reduced by 5.8% and 17.4% respectively, so inferior kernels had a more reduction than superior kernels. The synthesis of starch was influenced by reducing the activity of enzymes related to starch synthesis significantly at different grain-filling stages under high temperature treatment. The contents of IAA, ZR in kernel were significantly reduced after being treated with high temperature. The content of GA3 was increased in inferior kernels, but not in superior kernels. It could be deduced that the much dry weight loss of inferior kernels should be ascribed to the increasing in GA3 content when kernels exposed to high temperature.

Key words: Maize, High temperature, Culture in vitro, After flowering stage

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