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作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 1851-1858.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.94035

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同灌溉条件下冠菌素对大豆光合特性与产量的调控效应

鱼海跃,闫岩,张钰石,张明才(),李召虎   

  1. 植物生长调节剂教育部工程研究中心 / 中国农业大学农学院, 北京100193
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-05 接受日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2019-12-12 网络出版日期:2019-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 张明才
  • 作者简介:鱼海跃, E-mail: yuhaiyueo@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31471420)

Regulatory effects of coronatine on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of soybean under different irrigation conditions

Hai-Yue YU,Yan YAN,Yu-Shi ZHANG,Ming-Cai ZHANG(),Zhao-Hu LI   

  1. Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education / College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China
  • Received:2019-03-05 Accepted:2019-06-12 Published:2019-12-12 Published online:2019-07-08
  • Contact: Ming-Cai ZHANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471420)

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摘要：

干旱是限制大豆丰产稳产的重要因素之一, 利用生物调节剂提高大豆耐旱性是生产中一种新型的生物节水管理模式。本研究在常规灌溉与无灌溉条件下, 采用生物调节剂冠菌素(COR)于大豆初花期进行叶面喷施处理, 研究COR对植株农艺性状、叶片水势和光合特征、产量及其构成因素的调控效应。试验结果表明: 在正常灌溉条件下, COR处理对大豆叶片水势、叶绿素含量、光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数、RuBP羧化酶和SPS活性等影响较小, 与对照相比其产量和生物量差异不显著。但在生长季无灌溉的雨养条件下, COR处理会显著提高大豆开花后叶片水势、叶绿素含量、光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数, 增加叶片RuBP羧化酶和SPS活性, 改善大豆产量构成因素, 最终导致籽粒产量增加。总之, 在雨养条件下, COR对大豆光合特征和产量形成具有积极的调控效应。

关键词: 冠菌素, 灌溉, 大豆, 光合特性, 产量

Abstract:

Drought is one of the important factors limiting the high and stable yield of soybean, and an important problem restricting the sustainable production of soybean in China. Using biological regulators to improve the drought tolerance of soybean in production is a new feasible biological water-saving mode. In this study, the field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of coronatine (COR) on leaf water potential, photosynthetic characteristics, plant traits, yield and its components of soybean under conventional irrigation and no irrigation conditions from 2015 to 2016. Under conventional irrigation conditions, COR could not change the values of leaf water potential, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and activities of RuBP carboxylase and SPS in soybean leaves compared to control. And there was no significant difference in yield and biomass between COR treatment and control. However, under no irrigation conditions, COR significantly increased the leaf water potential, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, as well as the activities of RuBP carboxylase and SPS of soybean leaves, thus improved the yield and yield components. These results suggest that COR has a positive regulatory effect on photosynthetic characteristics and yield formation of soybean under no irrigation conditions, and can be used as a new technical means for cultivation preventing drought resistance in soybean production.

Key words: coronatine, irrigation, soybean, photosynthetic characteristics, yield

图1

2015年、2016年和25年夏大豆生长季吴桥月平均降雨量(柱)和平均气温(线)"

表1

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对大豆产量及其构成因素的影响"

年度
Year		 灌溉
Irrigation		 处理
Treatment		 株荚数
Pods per plant		 株粒数
Grains per plant		 百粒重
100-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield (kg hm-2)
2016 正常灌溉
Conventional irrigation		 CK 35.6 a 73.6 a 22.4 a 3216 a
COR 36.2 a 74.2 a 22.6 a 3283 a
不灌溉
Non-irrigation		 CK 27.6 c 55.4 c 17.2 c 2016 c
COR 29.8 b 60.1 b 18.6 b 2185 b
2015 正常灌溉
Conventional irrigation		 CK 33.9 a 63.4 a 21.8 a 3012 a
COR 34.2 a 65.1 a 22.1 a 3078 a
不灌溉
Non- irrigation		 CK 25.7 c 43.2 c 17.1 c 1548 c
COR 27.6 b 50.3 b 18.4 b 1877 b

表2

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对大豆植株农艺性状与生物量的影响"

年度
Year		 灌溉
Irrigation		 处理
Treatment		 单株分枝数
Branches per plant		 株高
Height (cm)		 单株节数
Nodes		 单株生物量
Biomass (g)
2016 正常灌溉
Conventional irrigation		 CK 2.1 a 81.3 a 16.1 a 33.8 a
COR 2.2 a 80.6 a 16.4 a 34.0 a
不灌溉
Non-irrigation		 CK 1.1 b 70.6 c 15.1 b 27.3 c
COR 1.2 b 75.9 b 15.2 b 28.7 b
2015 正常灌溉
Conventional irrigation		 CK 1.8 a 76.5 a 15.1 a 31.2 b
COR 1.7 a 73.8 a 14.9 a 32.1 a
不灌溉
Non- irrigation		 CK 0.7 b 60.4 c 13.8 b 24.1 c
COR 0.9 b 67.3 b 14.0 b 26.2 b

图2

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对大豆叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率的影响 A和B分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片叶绿素含量; C和D分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片光合速率。"

图3

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对大豆叶片荧光参数的影响 A和B分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片PSII最大量子产量(Fv/Fm); C和D分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片PSII实际量子产量(Yield)。"

图4

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对叶片RuBP羧化酶活性的影响 A和B分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片RuBP羧化酶活性的影响。"

图5

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性的影响 A和B分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片SPS蔗糖磷酸化合成酶活性的影响。"

图6

不同田间灌溉条件下COR对叶片水势的影响 A和B分别表示2015年和2016年生长季大豆叶片水势的影响。"

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