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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 102-116.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92009

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同叶龄蘖、穗氮肥组合对粳稻产量及氮素利用的影响

王艳,易军,高继平(),张丽娜,杨继芬,赵艳泽,辛威,甄晓溪,张文忠()   

  1. 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/教育部省部共建北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室/农业农村部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 辽宁沈阳 110161
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-01 接受日期:2019-08-09 出版日期:2020-01-12 网络出版日期:2019-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 高继平,张文忠
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 2422437380@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300306);国家自然科学基金项目(31501250);辽宁省百千万人才工程项目(2015-39)和沈阳市科技计划项目资助(17-231-37)

Effects of precision leaf age fertilization on yield and nitrogen utilization of
japonica rice

WANG Yan,YI Jun,GAO Ji-Ping(),ZHANG Li-Na,YANG Ji-Fen,ZHAO Yan-Ze,XIN Wei,ZHEN Xiao-Xi,ZHANG Wen-Zhong()   

  1. Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2019-03-01 Accepted:2019-08-09 Published:2020-01-12 Published online:2019-09-10
  • Contact: Ji-Ping GAO,Wen-Zhong ZHANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was financed by the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFD0300306);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31501250);Liaoning Bai-Qian-Wan Talents Program (2015-39), and the Project of Shenyang Science and Technology(17-231-37)

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摘要：

以主茎叶片数不同的粳稻品种吉粳88 (14片)、沈农265 (15片)和沈农1401 (16片)为试材, 采用大田筒栽方式, 在总施氮量225 kg hm -2及轻简施肥(基肥、蘖肥、穗肥)模式基础上, 设置基蘖肥∶穗肥6∶4和8∶2两种施肥比例, 并分设不同源、库叶龄期施氮组合即不同叶龄蘖、穗肥精确施氮组合。分析了不同源库期氮肥运筹模式对水稻农艺性状、产量及氮素利用特性的影响。结果表明: (1)在有效穗数、分化颖花数、产量和氮素利用率方面, 吉粳88、沈农265、沈农1401不同氮肥运筹下最佳蘖、穗肥叶龄组合均为6∶4显著高于8∶2。(2)不同氮肥运筹下, 吉粳88在8叶(叶龄指数57.1%)、沈农265在9叶(叶龄指数60.0%)、沈农1401在10叶(叶龄指数62.5%)时, 即叶龄指数在60%左右时, 施用蘖肥效果最佳, 最终穗数最多, 对保蘖起主要作用; 吉粳88在11叶(叶龄指数78.6%)、沈农265在12叶(叶龄指数80.0%)、沈农1401在13叶(叶龄指数81.3%)时, 即叶龄指数在80%左右时, 施用穗肥效果最佳, 最终穗粒数最多, 对促花起主要作用。(3)吉粳88-6∶4 (8, 11), 沈农265-6∶4 (9, 12), 沈农1401-6∶4 (10, 13) 3组处理, 在产量、氮素积累量、氮素吸收利用率、农学利用率及偏生产力等方面, 显著高于同品种不同叶龄蘖、穗氮肥组合中的其他处理。因此, 适当延迟蘖肥施用叶龄期(叶龄指数60%左右)、提前穗肥施用叶龄期(叶龄指数80%左右)同时增加穗肥施用比例, 既可以显著提高氮素积累量、氮素吸收利用率、农学利用率及偏生产力, 又能显著促进成穗率的提高和颖花数的分化, 达到保蘖促花的双重作用, 实现优源、扩库、充实的目标, 从而获得高产。

关键词: 粳稻, 保蘖氮肥, 促花氮肥, 产量, 氮素利用效率

Abstract:

The japonica rice cultivar Jigeng 88 (14 leaves), Shennong 265 (15 leaves) and Shennong 1401 (16 leaves) with different main leaf ages were used to analyze the effects of different source-sink nitrogen fertilizer application models on agronomic traits, yield and nitrogen utilization characteristics of rice grown in the field-tube condition. Two kinds of fertilizer proportions (base fertilizer: panicle fertilizer was 6:4 and 8:2) were set under 225 kg hm -2 of nitrogen application based on the light and simple fertilization model (basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, panicle fertilizer). The tillering fertilizer was applied at the stage of source construction, and panicle fertilizer was applied at stage of sink formation. The precise nitrogen application combined different nitrogen fertilizer modes for tillering and panicle fertilizers with different leaf ages. Number of differentiated spikelets, effective panicles, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency, were significantly higher by using the 6:4 fertilizer proportions than by using 8:2 under all nitrogen fertilizer application models in these cultivars. Under different nitrogen fertilizer regimes, the 8 leaves of Jigeng 88 (leaf age index was 57.1%), 9 leaves of Shennong 265 (leaf age index was 60.0%), and 10 leaves of Shennong 1401 (leaf age index was 62.55%) were the best stage to apply tillering fertilizer. It means that the leaf age index about 60% is better to protect the more panicle formation. The 11 leaves of Jigeng 88 (leaf age index was 78.6%), 12 leaves of Shennong 265 (leaf age index was 80.0%), 13 leaves of Shennong 1401 (leaf age index was 81.3%) were the best stage to apply panicle fertilizer. It means that leaf age index about 80% is better to promote spikelet differentiation. The yield, nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen uptake and utilization, agronomic efficiency, and partial productivity were significantly higher in 6:4 (8, 11) of Jigeng 88, 6:4 (9, 12) of Shennong 265, 6:4 (10, 13) of Shennong 1401 than in other treatments. Therefore, the delayed leaf age of tillering nitrogen fertilizer application (leaf age index was about 60%), ahead of applied the panicle fertilizer (leaf age index was about 80%), and increasing the ratio of nitrogen fertilizer application not only significantly increase nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen absorption and utilization, nitrogen agronomic utilization rate and partial productivity but also promote number of differentiated spikelets and the percentage of effective panicle number, achieving the dual role of protecting and promoting spikelets, and high yields.

Key words: japonica rice, tillering protecting nitrogen fertilizer, flower promoting nitrogen fertilizer, yield, nitrogen use efficiency

表1

水稻生育期间温度、降雨量、相对湿度和日照时数"

月份
Month		 平均温度 Average temperature (°C) 降雨量
Rainfall
(mm)		 平均湿度
Average relative humidity (%)		 总日照时数
Total sunshine
hours (h)
最小值
Minimum		 最大值
Maximum
2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017
5月May 10.5 11.0 24.2 25.9 175.7 37.1 51.7 49.5 257.5 292.8
6月June 16.1 15.8 27.7 29.3 170.3 64.9 66.2 56.7 204.0 268.4
7月July 20.4 21.2 30.0 31.7 363.7 109.8 77.2 71.8 188.4 206.5
8月August 19.7 18.8 29.6 29.3 68.6 128.1 75.8 80.7 224.7 170.4
9月September 13.7 11.4 24.7 25.3 40.5 57.6 77.7 72.9 233.7 207.5

表2

基蘖肥与穗肥施用分配(施氮总量225 kg hm-2) "

基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 基肥
Basal
fertilizer		 蘖肥
Tillering
fertilizer		 基肥+蘖肥
Basal fertilizer and
tillering fertilizer		 穗肥
Panicle
fertilizer
8:2 108 72 180 45
6:4 81 54 135 90

表3

不同品种蘖肥与穗肥叶龄组合"

吉粳88 Jigeng 88 沈农265 Shennong 265 沈农1401 Shennong 1401
叶龄
(叶龄指数)
Leaf ages
(leaf age index)		 11叶
11 leaves
(78.6%)		 13叶
13 leaves
(92.9%)		 叶龄
(叶龄指数)
Leaf ages
(leaf age index)		 12叶
12 leaves
(80.0%)		 14叶
14 leaves
(93.3%)		 叶龄
(叶龄指数)
Leaf ages
(leaf age index)		 13叶
13 leaves
(81.3%)		 15叶
15 leaves
(93.6%)
6 (42.9%) (6, 11) # (6, 13) 7 (46.7%) (7, 12) (7, 14) 8 (50.0%) (8, 13) (8, 15)
7 (50.0%) (7, 11) (7, 13) 8 (53.3%) (8, 12) (8, 14) 9 (56.3%) (9, 13) (9, 15)
8 (57.1%) (8, 11) (8, 13) 9 (60.0%) (9, 12) (9, 14) 10 (62.5%) (10, 13) (10, 15)

图1

不同氮肥运筹下各处理每5 d叶龄进程 图中横坐标始于5, 表示叶龄为5叶时移栽, 每条柱中各小段表示每5 d的叶龄进程。"

图2

不同氮肥运筹下各处理茎蘖成穗率(2016-2017) 图中所标注的字母为成穗率的显著性。不同字母表示在0.05水平上差异显著。"

图3

氮肥运筹对不同品种粳稻颖花量的影响(2016-2017) 图中所标注的字母为分化颖花数的显著性, 即实际颖花数、空瘪颖花数与退化颖花数之和。不同字母表示在0.05水平上差异显著。"

表4

2016年不同氮肥运筹对各处理产量及其构成的影响"

品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒有效穗数
No. of panicles
per pot		 每穗粒数
No. of grains
per panicle		 结实率
Filled-grain
percentage (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 每筒实
测产量
Yield per pot (g)
吉粳88
Jigeng 88		 8:2 (6, 11)# 21.6±2.4 ab 139.8±5.9 c 89.2±4.0 abcd 21.3±0.4 bc 56.8±0.8 b
(6, 13) 18.2±0.5 b 137.3±4.7 c 86.9±3.5 cd 20.4±0.2 cd 52.8±0.4 b
(7, 11) 23.6±2.6 ab 139.0±10.8 c 88.5±5.1 abcd 21.1±1.2 bc 60.0±2.8 b
(7, 13) 24.0±2.1 ab 120.0±1.0 d 87.1±0.0 bcd 21.0±0.6 bc 52.8±3.4 b
(8, 11) 26.2±3.6 a 146.6±14.4 abc 90.5±0.3 abcd 19.3±2.0 d 67.2±5.4 ab
(8, 13) 23.2±0.8 b 134.8±4.9 c 92.1±0.2 ab 21.1±1.1 bc 60.8±4.0 b
6:4 (6, 11) 22.0±2.0 ab 159.3±7.4 a 86.1±2.3 d 21.0±0.4 bc 62.4±0.4 ab
(6, 13) 18.2±0.5 b 146.7±2.1 abc 91.5±1.1 abc 20.8±0.1 bc 54.4±0.4 b
(7, 11) 24.6±1.2 ab 143.4±10.5 bc 91.5±3.3 d 21.1±1.3 bc 64.8±4.0 b
(7, 13) 19.8±1.2 ab 134.0±7.9 c 92.1±1.4 abcd 21.9±0.2 b 52.8±2.8 b
(8, 11) 25.2±1.2 a 155.4±11.7 ab 93.1±2.2 a 20.9±0.6 bc 76.0±1.6 a
(8, 13) 25.0±1.5 a 136.4±11.3 c 91.1±2.5 abc 20.5±0.5 bcd 63.2±1.2 ab
N0 (0, 0) 10.2±0.5 c 114.0±3.5 d 89.5±2.9 abcd 23.7±0.9 a 24.8±2.4 c
沈农265
Shennong 265		 8:2 (7, 12) 18.0±0.8 c 155.8±8.3 ab 86.0±1.1 def 24.1±0.4 abc 57.6±1.2 ef
(7, 14) 18.8±0.4 c 147.0±2.2 bcd 83.5±1.4 f 24.0±0.2 abc 55.2±0.4 f
(8, 12) 21.2±1.0 abc 134.0±4.5 e 90.8±1.0 ab 23.7±0.1 bcd 60.8±1.6 def
(8, 14) 21.6±0.8 abc 136.8±7.8 de 87.8±2.3 cde 23.0±0.6 ef 59.2±2.4 ef
(9, 12) 23.6±1.4 ab 149.3±9.4 bc 88.8±1.6 bcd 22.8±0.4 f 71.2±1.2 b
(9, 14) 19.2±0.7 c 149.3±7.3 bc 91.4±0.4 a 23.5±0.4 de 61.6±1.2 def
6:4 (7, 12) 22.0±2.0 abc 142.5±8.2 cde 86.8±1.0 cde 22.8±0.4 f 61.6±3.2 de
(7, 14) 18.0±0.8 c 162.0±7.8 a 84.1±1.8 f 24.2±0.1 ab 59.2±1.6 ef
(8, 12) 23.6±2.0 ab 155.3±10.2 ab 85.2±3.4 ef 22.0±0.3 g 68.0±2.4 bc
(8, 14) 19.6±1.4 c 152.5±9.9 abc 88.8±0.5 bcd 24.2±0.2 ab 64.0±2.4 cde
(9, 12) 24.4±1.4 a 149.3±4.5 bc 91.3±2.5 ab 23.2±0.8 def 76.8±1.2 a
(9, 14) 20.4±1.2 bc 150.8±7.5 abc 89.7±3.0 abc 24.3±0.1 a 66.4±2.4 bcd
N0 (0, 0) 10.4±0.7 d 115.0±4.2 f 95.4±0.7 a 24.2±0.2 ab 27.2±1.2 g
沈农1401
Shennong 1401		 8:2 (8, 13) 18.0±0.8 abcd 142.3±18.2 abc 70.3±9.0 abcd 26.0±1.0 ab 66.4±4.4 bcd
(8, 15) 15.6±1.4 de 144.5±4.0 abc 76.8±1.3 a 26.5±0.7 a 59.2±3.6 de
(9, 13) 17.6±1.1 bcde 133.3±8.4 cd 66.3±8.7 abcd 25.2±0.5 abc 59.2±2.8 de
(9, 15) 17.2±0.4 bcde 119.8±9.3 d 62.4±10.9 bcd 26.7±0.8 a 55.2±2.4 e
(10, 13) 18.4±0.5 abc 152.3±12.6 ab 64.1±6.3 abcd 24.7±0.8 bc 68.8±3.6 abc
(10, 15) 16.0±0.7 cde 138.5±15.9 bc 70.6±10.3 abc 26.2±1.1 ab 57.6±3.2 de
品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒有效穗数
No. of panicles
per pot		 每穗粒数
No. of grains
per panicle		 结实率
Filled-grain
percentage (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 每筒实
测产量
Yield per pot (g)
沈农1401
Shennong 1401		 6:4 (8, 13) 18.8±1.0 ab 151.5±5.4 ab 61.2±3.9 cd 25.4±0.3 abc 72.0±2.4 ab
(8, 15) 17.2±0.4 bcde 138.5±1.7 bc 63.6±4.0 abcd 26.1±0.9 ab 62.4±0.8 cde
(9, 13) 18.4±0.5 abc 131.3±4.3 cd 56.7±5.8 d 26.6±0.6 a 64.0±1.2 bcd
(9, 15) 16.0±0.7 cde 144.8±4.5 abc 75.3±5.3 ab 26.0±0.6 ab 60.0±2.0 de
(10, 13) 20.4±1.0 a 155.3±8.1 a 71.3±6.7 abc 24.1±1.9 c 76.0±1.6 a
(10, 15) 15.2±0.5 e 149.3±11.2 ab 66.5±7.6 abcd 26.2±1.3 ab 59.2±1.6 de
N0 (0, 0) 8.0±0.7 f 103.0±4.5 e 64.9±9.3 abcd 25.5±0.8 abc 20.8±1.2 f

表5

2017年不同氮肥运筹对各处理产量及其构成的影响"

品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒有效穗数
No. of panicles
per pot		 每穗粒数
No. of grains
per panicle		 结实率
Filled-grain
percentage (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 每筒实测产量
Yield per
pot (g)
吉粳88
Jigeng 88		 8:2 (6, 11)# 19.2±1.6 c 146.7±5.7 bc 97.4±1.2 a 24.2±1.3 ab 66.4±5.2 abc
(6, 13) 19.4±0.6 c 137.0±5.2 d 96.5±2.8 a 22.8±1.3 bc 58.4±2.4 bc
(7, 11) 21.4±0.4 bc 159.0±19.3 bc 96.0±1.2 a 22.5±0.7 bc 72.8±3.2 abc
(7, 13) 19.2±1.3 c 153.3±22.2 bc 94.2±4.1 a 22.4±0.5 bc 60.8±3.2 abc
(8, 11) 22.4±0.7 ab 170.7±7.4 ab 96.5±0.9 a 22.6±0.9 bc 84.0±5.6 a
(8, 13) 21.8±0.8 b 166.0±28.4 ab 94.4±2.7 a 21.6±0.6 c 74.4±3.8 abc
6:4 (6, 11) 20.8±0.8 bc 141.7±3.1 bc 98.4±0.7 a 23.1±0.4 bc 67.2±3.6 abc
(6, 13) 17.4±0.6 c 137.3±7.5 cd 94.9±4.1 a 26.5±2.4 a 59.2±1.2 abc
(7, 11) 19.2±1.6 c 146.7±5.7 bc 97.4±1.2 a 24.2±1.3 ab 66.4±5.2 abc
(7, 13) 19.2±1.3 c 164.0±9.2 ab 95.4±2.8 a 23.4±0.6 abc 70.4±4.8 abc
(8, 11) 24.0±1.1 ab 175.7±39.7 ab 95.9±1.5 a 21.5±0.3 c 84.8±6.4 a
(8, 13) 21.8±0.8 b 161.3±15.4 bc 96.8±1.1 a 21.6±0.6 c 72.8±1.2 abc
N0 (0, 0) 8.6±0.4 d 137.3±17.3 cd 98.6±1.6 a 23.3±0.2 abc 26.4±1.2 d
沈农265
Shennong 265		 8:2 (7, 12) 19.2±2.1 abcd 152.5±33.4 ab 95.2±0.8 ab 25.1±1.1 ab 72.8±8.0 bc
(7, 14) 17.6±0.7 bcd 147.2±23.0 bc 94.1±1.3 b 24.8±0.8 abc 60.8±3.6 d
(8, 12) 21.8±1.1 abc 140.8±10.7 bc 97.4±0.9 a 24.7±0.5 abc 74.4±5.6 bc
(8, 14) 17.0±1.7 cd 147.7±6.7 bc 95.2±1.2 ab 25.6±0.7 a 61.6±3.4 d
(9, 12) 23.4±1.7 a 146.6±10.9 bc 93.3±2.3 b 24.3±0.6 bc 79.2±4.6 ab
(9, 14) 23.0±2.1 ab 133.2±7.5 cd 94.1±2.4 b 23.7±0.9 c 68.0±3.4 cd
6:4 (7, 12) 21.8±1.1 abc 156.5±23.8 ab 93.7±1.3 b 23.7±1.0 c 76.8±4.2 b
(7, 14) 19.8±1.1 abcd 151.0±21.5 ab 94.6±1.3 b 24.9±0.5 abc 71.2±4.2 cd
品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒有效穗数
No. of panicles
per pot		 每穗粒数
No. of grains
per panicle		 结实率
Filled-grain
percentage (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 每筒实测产量
Yield per
pot (g)
沈农265
Shennong 265		 (8, 12) 20.2±0.9 abcd 160.7±3.8 a 94.8±2.4 b 24.9±1.1 abc 76.8±3.6 b
(8, 14) 23.0±0.4 ab 146.8±24.3 bc 93.9±3.0 b 22.4±1.0 d 71.2±4.0 cd
(9, 12) 23.4±2.2 a 163.7±11.7 a 93.0±1.9 b 22.5±1.4 d 81.6±5.8 a
(9, 14) 19.8±2.3 abcd 149.7±14.0 bc 94.8±1.9 b 24.3±0.7 bc 68.8±5.4 cd
N0 (0, 0) 12.6±1.7 d 117.5±11.9 d 93.9±2.1 b 24.5±0.7 abc 34.4±2.8 e
沈农1401
Shennong 1401		 8:2 (8, 13) 17.0±0.1 bcd 155.5±12.1 ab 65.5±1.7 ab 25.0±1.0 bc 56.0±2.4 bc
(8, 15) 13.4±0.5 d 148.6±10.1 abc 66.9±2.6 ab 25.6±1.0 ab 48.0±4.0 de
(9, 13) 15.0±0.6 cd 157.5±11.7 ab 74.6±4.9 ab 27.0±0.9 a 61.6±4.2 b
(9, 15) 14.4±0.4 cd 124.2±11.8 bc 65.0±3.3 ab 26.8±1.6 a 41.6±3.6 e
(10, 13) 20.8±0.8 ab 156.5±9.5 ab 80.5±5.6 a 24.3±0.8 bc 73.6±4.4 a
(10, 15) 17.0±0.4 bcd 133.5±10.1 bc 73.2±6.3 ab 26.5±1.0 ab 57.6±7.2 bc
6:4 (8, 13) 18.2±0.5 abc 163.8±12.0 ab 61.9±4.3 b 25.0±0.5 bc 60.8±4.0 b
(8, 15) 17.0±0.1 bcd 154.7±14.2 abc 69.1±4.3 ab 25.6±0.9 bc 53.6±4.4 c
(9, 13) 19.8±0.4 ab 156.3±9.2 ab 67.2±3.1 ab 24.0±1.4 bc 50.4±2.6 cd
(9, 15) 16.6±0.1 bcd 150.8±12.2 abc 66.5±4.5 ab 26.0±1.0 ab 43.2±3.2 e
(10, 13) 22.4±0.8 a 164.3±10.6 ab 68.6±1.7 ab 24.4±0.9 bc 75.2±4.1 a
(10, 15) 17.6±0.8 bcd 152.7±14.6 abc 62.9±4.9 b 25.5±1.4 bc 55.2±3.6 bc
N0 (0, 0) 9.0±0.5 e 118.8±13.4 c 70.3±8.8 ab 27.2±1.4 a 23.2±1.8 f

表6

2016年不同氮肥运筹下各处理氮素利用率"

品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒氮积累总量
N total uptake
(g pot-1)		 吸收利用率
Recovery
efficiency (%)		 农学利用率
Agronomic efficiency
(kg kg-1N)		 偏生产力
Partial factor
productivity
(kg kg-1N)
吉粳88
Jigeng 88		 8:2 (6, 11)# 1.22±0.05 cde 32.8±2.3 cde 20.1±0.5 b 31.5±0.8 bcd
(6, 13) 1.15±0.12 de 28.8±7.1 de 17.6±0.3 b 29.4±0.6 bcd
(7, 11) 1.28±0.11 bcd 36.6±7.6 bcd 22.1±1.8 b 33.4±3.3 abcd
(7, 13) 1.21±0.02 cde 32.4±1.3 cde 17.6±2.1 b 26.9±1.9 cd
品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒氮积累总量
N total uptake
(g pot-1)		 吸收利用率
Recovery
efficiency (%)		 农学利用率
Agronomic efficiency
(kg kg-1N)		 偏生产力
Partial factor
productivity
(kg kg-1N)
吉粳88
Jigeng 88		 (8, 11) 1.37±0.10 ab 42.6±7.3 ab 26.7±3.4 ab 37.2±11.9 ab
(8, 13) 12.30±0.01 cd 33.7±0.8 cde 22.6±2.5 b 34.0±4.6 abc
6:4 (6, 11) 1.27±0.04 bcd 36.2±3.8 bcd 23.6±0.3 ab 34.8±0.3 abc
(6, 13) 1.10±0.01 e 25.5±1.1 e 18.6±0.3 b 30.1±0.4 bcd
(7, 11) 1.42±0.14 ab 45.5±9.9 ab 25.2±2.5 b 35.8±4.3 abc
(7, 13) 1.31±0.08 abc 38.7±5.6 abc 17.6±1.8 b 28.8±2.8 bcd
(8, 11) 1.43±0.02 a 45.8±1.5 a 32.2±1.0 a 42.2±1.9 a
(8, 13) 1.16±0.06 de 29.2±4.6 de 24.1±0.8 ab 35.1±1.3 abc
N0 (0, 0) 0.70±0.02 f — — —
沈农265
Shennong 265		 8:2 (7, 12) 1.15±0.00 d 28.1±0.9 d 19.1±0.8 ef 36.6±2.8 d
(7, 14) 1.07±0.01 e 23.2±1.6 e 17.6±0.3 f 34.8±1.9 c
(8, 12) 1.16±0.01 d 28.9±2.3 d 21.1±1.0 def 39.4±5.9 c
(8, 14) 1.13±0.03 d 27.3±0.5 d 20.1±1.5 ef 38.3±3.7 c
(9, 12) 1.36±0.01 b 41.4±1.3 ab 27.7±0.8 b 43.5±3.1 bc
(9, 14) 1.05±0.02 e 21.9±1.4 e 21.6±0.8 def 39.2±5.2 bc
6:4 (7, 12) 1.22±0.02 c 32.9±2.1 c 21.6±2.0 de 39.8±6.7 bc
(7, 14) 1.06±0.02 e 22.7±0.5 e 20.1±1.0 ef 35.1±1.5 bc
(8, 12) 1.35±0.02 b 40.7±3.9 b 25.7±1.5 bc 40.8±1.9 bc
(8, 14) 1.16±0.01 d 28.9±1.6 d 23.1±1.5 cde 39.0±2.8 bc
(9, 12) 1.42±0.03 a 45.3±3.7 a 31.2±0.8 a 46.5±4.2 abc
(9, 14) 1.17±0.06 d 29.5±2.8 d 24.6±1.5 bcd 38.9±4.8 ab
N0 (0, 0) 0.70±0.02 f — — —
沈农1401
Shennong 1401		 8:2 (8, 13) 1.31±0.09 bcde 36.4±6.2 bcde 28.7±2.8 bcd 36.8±4.9 bcd
(8, 15) 1.17±0.04 ef 27.5±3.3 e 24.1±2.3 de 33.0±4.1 de
(9, 13) 1.43±0.07 ab 43.9±5.1 b 24.1±1.8 de 32.7±3.1 de
(9, 15) 1.21±0.06 ef 29.7±4.2 de 21.6±1.5 e 30.5±2.6 e
(10, 13) 1.42±0.07 ab 43.2±4.9 b 30.2±2.3 abc 38.4±4.1 abc
(10, 15) 1.24±0.07 cdef 31.9±5.2 cde 23.1±2.0 de 32.2±3.4 de
6:4 (8, 13) 1.39±0.16 abc 41.2±10.6 bc 32.2±1.5 ab 41.2±1.0 ab
(8, 15) 1.23±0.02 def 31.1±2.3 cde 26.2±0.5 cde 34.5±1.1 cde
(9, 13) 1.44±0.12 ab 44.3±8.4 ab 27.2±0.8 bcd 35.2±1.2 cde
(9, 15) 1.16±0.05 f 26.6±3.6 e 24.6±1.3 de 33.3±2.2 de
(10, 13) 1.47±0.11 a 46.2±7.2 a 34.7±1.0 a 43.2±1.4 a
(10, 15) 1.36±0.06 abcd 39.4±4.6 bcd 24.1±1.0 de 32.9±1.8 de
N0 (0, 0) 0.73±0.04 g — — —

表7

2017年不同氮肥运筹下各处理氮素利用率"

品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒氮积累总量
N total uptake
(g pot-1)		 吸收利用率
Recovery efficiency
(%)		 农学利用率
Agronomic efficiency
(kg kg-1 N)		 偏生产力
Partial factor
productivity
(kg kg-1 N)
吉粳88
Jigeng 88		 8:2 (6, 11)# 1.10±0.07 de 21.8±0.7 bcd 25.2±3.3 abc 36.2±2.1 b
(6, 13) 1.02±0.06 e 16.8±0.8 d 20.1±1.5 bc 36.0±2.4 b
(7, 11) 1.28±0.03 bc 30.4±6.2 abc 29.2±2.0 abc 37.3±2.6 b
(7, 13) 1.10±0.06 de 19.0±13.7 cd 21.6±2.0 abc 36.2±1.2 b
(8, 11) 1.29±0.04 bc 30.7±6.6 abc 36.2±3.5 a 41.4±2.3 ab
(8, 13) 1.26±0.05 c 28.9±7.4 abcd 30.2±2.4 abc 36.3±1.7 b
6:4 (6, 11) 1.32±0.05 bc 35.3±0.8 a 25.7±2.3 abc 36.4±2.9 b
(6, 13) 1.03±0.04 e 17.0±1.5 d 20.6±0.8 abc 37.4±2.3 b
(7, 11) 1.33±0.03 abc 33.3±5.5 ab 25.2±3.3 abc 43.5±2.2 ab
(7, 13) 1.15±0.07 d 22.1±13.5 bcd 27.7±3.0 abc 40.5±3.7 ab
(8, 11) 1.42±0.03 a 38.7±1.8 a 36.7±4.0 a 47.2±1.4 a
(8, 13) 1.37±0.05 ab 35.5±4.9 a 29.2±0.8 abc 42.3±2.6 ab
N0 (0, 0) 0.76±0.06 f — — —
沈农265
Shennong 265		 8:2 (7, 12) 1.21±0.05 d 28.3±2.7 d 24.1±5.0 bc 39.5±15.2 de
(7, 14) 1.18±0.05 d 26.9±1.3 d 16.6±2.3 d 33.1±6.5 e
(8, 12) 1.46±0.04 ab 44.1±2.3 ab 25.2±3.5 bc 41.4±4.3 cde
(8, 14) 1.30±0.04 c 34.4±2.7 c 17.1±2.1 d 34.9±6.7 de
(9, 12) 1.47±0.01 ab 45.0±1.6 ab 28.2±2.9 ab 47.8±5.5 ab
(9, 14) 1.42±0.04 b 41.5±1.2 b 21.1±2.1 cd 38.4±7.3 de
6:4 (7, 12) 1.43±0.03 ab 42.3±3.5 ab 26.7±2.6 b 42.5±5.2 bcd
(7, 14) 1.22±0.01 d 29.0±1.6 d 23.1±2.6 cd 38.4±7.5 de
(8, 12) 1.47±0.05 ab 44.7±4.1 ab 26.7±2.3 b 33.3±19.0 de
(8, 14) 1.41±0.04 b 41.0±3.0 b 23.1±2.5 cd 39.0±5.4 de
(9, 12) 1.49±0.04 a 46.3±2.9 a 29.7±3.6 a 43.8±11.5 bc
(9, 14) 1.48±0.00 ab 45.3±2.2 ab 21.6±3.4 cd 38.2±9.9 de
N0 (0, 0) 0.76±0.04 e — — —
沈农1401
Shennong 1401		 8:2 (8, 13) 1.15±0.14 efg 25.2±8.9 efg 20.6±1.5 bc 27.9±5.8 abcd
(8, 15) 1.00±0.08 g 15.6±5.0 h 15.6±2.5 de 25.8±2.0 cd
(9, 13) 1.16±0.09 ef 25.6±5.5 ef 24.1±2.6 b 41.7±18.1 ab
(9, 15) 1.02±0.10 fg 16.5±6.4 g 11.6±2.3 e 30.8±3.9 abcd
(10, 13) 1.49±0.04 ab 46.3±2.4 ab 31.7±2.8 a 40.9±5.8 ab
(10, 15) 1.20±0.09 de 28.3±5.8 de 21.6±4.5 bc 37.5±11.2 abc
6:4
 (8, 13) 1.39±0.08 abc 40.3±4.9 abc 23.6±2.5 b 34.4±13.0 abc
(8, 15) 1.30±0.13 cde 34.4±8.2 cde 19.1±2.8 c 27.5±0.6 bcd
(9, 13) 1.51±0.06 a 47.6±3.6 a 17.1±1.6 cd 41.0±9.8 a
(9, 15) 1.28±0.06 cde 33.1±3.8 cde 12.6±2.0 e 32.0±8.1 abcd
品种
Cultivar		 基蘖肥:穗肥
B:P		 处理时期
Treatment		 每筒氮积累总量
N total uptake
(g pot-1)		 吸收利用率
Recovery efficiency
(%)		 农学利用率
Agronomic efficiency
(kg kg-1 N)		 偏生产力
Partial factor
productivity
(kg kg-1 N)
沈农1401
Shennong 1401		 (10, 13) 1.53±0.03 a 48.8±1.6 a 32.7±2.6 a 41.9±8.4 a
(10, 15) 1.35±0.12 bcd 37.5±7.3 bcd 20.1±2.3 bc 28.2±4.6 abcd
N0 (0, 0) 0.77±0.02 h — — —
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