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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 950-959.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94121

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

品种和生育时期对冠层光谱指数(NDVI)估测马铃薯植株氮素浓度的影响

杨海波,张加康,杨柳,贾禹泽,刘楠,李斐()   

  1. 内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院 / 内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010018
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-17 接受日期:2019-12-26 出版日期:2020-06-12 网络出版日期:2020-01-14
  • 通讯作者: 李斐
  • 作者简介:E-mail: hbyang93@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    2018年内蒙古自治区高等学校“青年科技英才支持计划”(NJYT-18-A08);国家自然科学基金项目(41361079)

Effect of variety and growth period on NDVI estimation of nitrogen concentration in potato plants

YANG Hai-Bo,ZHANG Jia-Kang,YANG Liu,JIA Yu-Ze, ,LI Fei()   

  1. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resource / College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2019-08-17 Accepted:2019-12-26 Published:2020-06-12 Published online:2020-01-14
  • Contact: Fei LI
  • Supported by:
    “Youth Science and Technology Talents Support Program” (NJYT-18-A08) of Colleges and Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2018(NJYT-18-A08);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41361079)

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摘要：

NDVI是反映作物叶绿素相对含量及氮素水平的重要参数, 但是作物品种和生育时期的变化对NDVI估测氮素营养的能力有重要影响。本研究在内蒙古阴山北麓马铃薯主产区进行了多年多品种田间试验, 于2014—2016年7月上旬至8月中旬马铃薯关键生育时期, 利用便携式主动作物传感器GreenSeeker获取马铃薯冠层光谱指数NDVI, 对比了品种和生育时期对NDVI估测结果的影响。结果表明, 块茎形成期NDVI与马铃薯植株氮素浓度相关性较差, 随着生育时期的推进, NDVI与植株氮素浓度的线性相关性增强, 块茎膨大期与淀粉积累期组合会显著提高NDVI与植株氮素浓度的线性建模效果。品种混合会降低NDVI的灵敏性, 增加数据的离散性, 基于时间序列归一化的光谱指数TNDVI能够克服这些问题, 尤其是在块茎膨大期TNDVI与植株氮素浓度的拟合决定系数(R 2)能够由原来的0.13提高到0.47。TNDVI对块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期组合的线性估测建模R 2为0.76, 显著高于NDVI。株型展开型的品种在块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期更具线性拟合趋势。研究表明, 马铃薯生育时期和品种对NDVI估测植株氮素浓度有显著影响, 且生育时期的影响更大。构建的TNDVI光谱指数能够克服品种差异导致的块茎膨大期、淀粉积累期数据分异及饱和现象, 为NDVI在马铃薯植株氮素浓度诊断应用的普适性上提供了理论依据与方法。

关键词: 马铃薯, 品种, 生育时期, 主动作物传感器, 归一化光谱指数, 植株氮素浓度

Abstract:

The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is an important parameter to reflect relative chlorophyll content and nitrogen level of crops, but NDVI’s ability to estimate nitrogen nutrition is affected by varieties and growth period. The field experiments using several varieties were conducted in the main potato producing areas at the north foot of Yinshan mountain, Inner Mongolia. From early July to mid-august in 2014 to 2016, the canopy spectral index NDVI was measured by using the pocket active crop sensor GreenSeeker during potato critical growth period. The effects of cultivars and growth stages on NDVI estimation of nitrogen concentration in potato plants were compared. The linear correlation between NDVI and plant nitrogen concentration (PNC) was poor in tuber initiation, but increased in process of growth period. The combination of tuber bulking period and starch accumulation period significantly improved the linear modeling effect of NDVI and PNC. Variety combination reduced the sensitivity of NDVI and increased the discreteness of data, which could be offset by NDVI time series normalization (TNDVI), especially the fitting coefficient of determination (R 2) of TNDVI and PNC increased from 0.13 to 0.47 in the tuber bulking period. The R 2of linear estimation model of TNDVI for the combination of tuber initiation, tuber bulking and starch accumulation period was 0.76, which was significantly higher than that of NDVI. Plant-expanded varieties had a more linear fitting trend during tuber bulking and starch accumulation. The growth period and potato varieties had significant effects on NDVI estimation of PNC, and growth period had a greater effect. The established TNDVI spectral index overcame the data differentiation and saturation phenomenon during tuber bulking and starch accumulation caused by variety difference, which provides a theoretical basis and method for the application of NDVI in the diagnosis of nitrogen concentration in potato plants.

Key words: potato, varieties, growth stage, active crop sensor, NDVI, PNC

图1

试验地位置及试验小区分布 T1~T7分别代表由低到高的氮肥用量处理; a、b、c、d为4次重复。"

表1

NDVI与马铃薯植株氮素浓度的相关性(R2)"

时间
Year		 品种
Species		 函数类型
Function types		 块茎形成期
Tuber
initiation (A)		 块茎膨大期
Tuber
bulking (B)		 淀粉积累期
Starch
accumulation (C)		 A+B B+C A+B+C
2014 克新1号
Kexin 1		 线性函数 LF 0.04 0.83** 0.44** 0.38** 0.52** 0.52**
二次函数 QF 0.09 0.87** 0.44** 0.48** 0.52** 0.59**
幂函数 PF 0.04 0.85** 0.44** 0.45** 0.52** 0.55**
指数函数 EF 0.04 0.83** 0.44** 0.38** 0.52** 0.52**
2015 夏坡蒂Xiapodi 线性函数 LF 0.04 0.37** 0.36** 0.04 0.85** 0.52**
二次函数 QF 0.05 0.48** 0.40** 0.10 0.85** 0.67**
幂函数 PF 0.04 0.41** 0.35** 0.03 0.83** 0.58**
指数函数 EF 0.04 0.38** 0.35** 0.04 0.85** 0.53**
2016 荷兰14号
Holland 14		 线性函数 LF 0.07 0.44** 0.52** 0.01 0.72** 0.52**
二次函数 QF 0.08 0.56** 0.64** 0.15 0.76** 0.74**
幂函数 PF 0.07 0.45** 0.55** 0.01 0.74** 0.58**
指数函数 EF 0.08 0.44** 0.52** 0.01 0.72** 0.52**
全部All 线性函数 LF 0.03 0.07* 0.50** 0 0.48** 0.28**
二次函数 QF 0.06 0.13* 0.57** 0 0.58** 0.42**
幂函数 PF 0.03 0.08* 0.52** 0 0.50** 0.32**
指数函数 EF 0.03 0.07* 0.49** 0 0.48** 0.28**

图2

马铃薯块茎形成期、块茎膨大期、淀粉积累期NDVI与植株氮素浓度的估测模型"

图3

马铃薯组合生育时期NDVI与植株氮素浓度的估测模型 A, B和C分别代表马铃薯块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期。"

图4

马铃薯品种混合条件下NDVI和植株氮素浓度估测模型的构建 A, B和C分别代表马铃薯块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期。"

图5

品种混合时马铃薯块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期TNDVI与植株氮素浓度估测模型的构建"

图6

品种混合时马铃薯组合生育时期TNDVI与植株氮素浓度估测模型的构建"

图7

NDVI和TNDVI估测建模的敏感性分析 A、B、C分别代表块茎形成期、块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期。"

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