作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 747-755.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31032
贺佳奇1(
), 白羿雄1,3,4, 姚晓华1,4, 姚有华1,4, 安立昆1,4, 王玉琴2, 王小萍1, 李新1,4, 崔永梅1,4, 吴昆仑1,4,*(
)
HE Jia-Qi1(
), BAI Yi-Xiong1,3,4, YAO Xiao-Hua1,4, YAO You-Hua1,4, AN Li-Kun1,4, WANG Yu-Qin2, WANG Xiao-Ping1, LI Xin1,4, CUI Yong-Mei1,4, WU Kun-Lun1,4,*(
)
摘要:
探明刈割对青稞植株再生恢复农艺与理化特性变化规律, 解析青稞籽粒和秸秆产量品质指标对刈割处理响应规律, 为青稞“粮苗草三用”生产模式应用和青稞植株再生恢复调控机制解析提供理论依据。本研究于2021—2022年, 以青稞品种昆仑18号和藏1257为研究对象, 以正常生长(CK)为对照, 采用两因素裂区设计, 刈割后于0 h (T0)、2 h (T1)、24 h (T2)、72 h (T3)、拔节期(T4)、抽穗期(T5)、灌浆期(T6) 7个发育阶段取材, 以分析刈割后茎部再生恢复速率及残茬中抗氧化酶的变化规律; 并对刈割后青稞秸秆和籽粒产量品质特性和内源激素快速响应规律进行分析。结果表明, 刈割使再生青稞秸秆及籽粒产量升高, 并使茎秆中粗蛋白、粗灰分含量升高, 纤维类物质含量降低, 使秸秆相对饲喂价值显著升高。刈割使青稞茎部株高和单株生物量生长恢复速率升高; 使青稞每公顷穗数和千粒重增加, 致使籽粒产量显著增加, 并使籽粒中累积更多粗蛋白与淀粉。刈割后青稞残茬中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量迅速升高, 并使残茬中的反式玉米素核苷(TZR)、异戊烯基腺苷(iPA)含量显著升高, 吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)和脱落酸(ABA)含量显著降低。青稞残茬中细胞分裂素和生长素可能在刈割后抗氧化酶系统快速响应、地上部快速再生恢复过程中发挥重要调控作用。
| [1] | 王燕, 姚晓华, 姚有华, 苏乐平, 安立昆, 吴昆仑. 青稞籽粒花青素合成相关基因HvnF3’M的克隆与表达分析. 西北农业学报, 2022, 31: 1174-1184. |
| Wang Y, Yao X H, Yao Y H, Su L P, An L K, Wu K L. Cloning and expression analysis of HvnF3’M gene related to anthocyanin synthesis of hulless barley. Acta Agric Boreali-occident Sin, 2022, 31: 1174-1184 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [2] | 李洁. 干旱胁迫对青稞幼苗可溶性蛋白的影响. 江苏农业科学, 2015, 43(12): 124-126. |
| Li J. Effect of drought stress on soluble protein of barley seedlings. Jiangsu Agric Sci, 2015, 43(12): 124-126 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [3] |
Quiroga R E, Blanco L J, Namur P R. Defoliation intensity and simulated grazing strategy effects on three C4 rangeland bunchgrasses. Rangeland Ecol Manag, 2018, 71: 58-66.
doi: 10.1016/j.rama.2017.09.002 |
| [4] |
Newell M T, Hayes R C. An initial investigation of forage production and feed quality of perennial wheat derivatives. Crop Past Sci, 2017, 68: 1141-1148.
doi: 10.1071/CP16405 |
| [5] | Younis S. Effect of seeding rates and mowing stages on growth, yield and quality of forage and seed of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.). Mesopot J Agric, 2018, 46: 219-232. |
| [6] |
Butchee J D, Edwards J T. Dual-purpose wheat grain yield as affected by growth habit and simulated grazing intensity. Crop Sci, 2013, 53: 1686-1692.
doi: 10.2135/cropsci2013.01.0033 |
| [7] | 王小萍, 白羿雄, 姚晓华, 姚有华, 李新, 安立昆, 吴昆仑. 刈割留茬高度对青稞饲草与籽粒产量及饲用品质的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2023, 43: 513-523. |
| Wang X P, Bai Y X, Yao X H, Yao Y H, Li X, An L K, Wu K L. Effect of mowing stubble height on forage and grain yield and forage quality characteristics of hulless barley. J Triticeae Crops, 2023, 43: 513-523 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [8] | Zeleke K T. Effect of grazing time and intensity on growth and yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J Integr Agric, 2019, 18: 204-213. |
| [9] | 张腾薇, 吕二锁, 刘志萍, 包文龙, 段俊杰, 云颖, 张霞, 韩磊, 孙娟娟. 留茬高度对全株大麦青贮品质的影响. 中国草地学报, 2022, 44(7): 87-92. |
| Zhang T W, Lyu E S, Liu Z P, Bao W L, Duan J J, Yun Y, Zhang X, Han L, Sun J J. Effects of stubble height on silage quality of whole barley. Chin J Grassland, 2022, 44(7): 87-92 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [10] |
李变变, 张凤华, 赵亚光. 刈割高度对油莎豆氮代谢及产量和品质的影响. 草业学报, 2023, 32(2): 84-96.
doi: 10.11686/cyxb2022061 |
| Li B B, Zhang F H, Zhao Y G. Effects of stubble height on nitrogen metabolism, yield and quality of Cyperus esculentus. Acta Pratac Sin, 2023, 32(2): 84-96 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [11] | 陈晓东, 赵斌, 季昌好, 朱斌, 王瑞. 刈割期对多棱饲料大麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2017, 37: 409-413. |
| Chen X D, Zhao B, Ji C H, Zhu B, Wang R. Effect of defoliation timing on the yield and quality of six-row barley forage and grain. J Triticeae Crops, 2017, 37: 409-413 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [12] |
赵小红, 白羿雄, 王凯, 姚有华, 姚晓华, 吴昆仑. 种植密度对2个青稞品种抗倒伏及秸秆饲用特性的影响. 作物学报, 2020, 46: 586-595.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.91038 |
| Zhao X H, Bai Y X, Wang K, Yao Y H, Yao X H, Wu K L. Effects of planting density on lodging resistance and straw forage characteristics in two hulless barley varieties. Acta Agric Sin, 2020, 46: 586-595 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [13] |
Cui G, Zhao M, Zhang S, Wang Z, Meng M, Sun F, Zhang C, Xi Y. MicroRNA and regulation of auxin and cytokinin signaling during post-mowing regeneration of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiol Biochem, 2020, 155: 769-779.
doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.08.032 |
| [14] |
Pan X, Welti R, Wang X. Quantitative analysis of major plant hormones in crude plant extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nat Protoc, 2010, 5: 986-992.
doi: 10.1038/nprot.2010.37 pmid: 20448544 |
| [15] |
Tian L H, Bell L W, Shen Y Y, Whish J P M. Dual-purpose use of winter wheat in western China: cutting time and nitrogen application effects on phenology, forage production, and grain yield. Crop Past Sci, 2012, 63: 520-528.
doi: 10.1071/CP12101 |
| [16] |
Lyons S E, Ketterings Q M, Cherney D J R, Cherney J H, Godwin G S, Kilcer T F. Growth stage at harvest influences forage quality and yield of brown midrib forage sorghum. J Anim Sci, 2017, 95: 136-136.
doi: 10.2527/asasann.2017.274 |
| [17] |
Zhang H, Zhao Y, Zhu J K. Thriving under stress: how plants balance growth and the stress response. Dev Cell, 2020, 55: 529-543.
doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.10.012 pmid: 33290694 |
| [18] |
许能祥, 顾洪如, 董臣飞, 程云辉, 张文洁, 丁成龙. 刈割对不同品种褐色中脉饲用高粱饲草品质及农艺性状的影响. 草地学报, 2014, 22: 623-630.
doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.03.028 |
| Xu N X, Gu H R, Dong C F, Cheng Y H, Zhang W J, Ding C L. Feed quality and agronomic traits of brown midrib (BMR) forage sorghum varieties. Acta Agrest Sin, 2014, 22: 623-630 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [19] |
Chen X D, Zhao B, Ji C H, Zhu B, Wang R. Breeding for purpose: Sole- and dual-use barley. Agron J, 2021, 113: 1758-1765.
doi: 10.1002/agj2.v113.2 |
| [20] | 张晓佩, 高承芳, 刘远, 李文杨, 陈鑫珠, 董晓宁. 刈割高度对多花黑麦草新品种产量和品质的影响. 热带作物学报, 2014, 35: 1695-1698. |
| Zhang X P, Gao C F, Liu Y, Li W Y, Chen X Z, Dong X N. Mowing height effects on the yield and quality of new varieties of Lolium multiflorum. Chin J Tropic Crops, 2014, 35: 1695-1698 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [21] | 杨景宁. 播期和刈割时期对粮饲兼用冬小麦生产力形成的影响机制. 兰州大学博士学位论文, 甘肃兰州, 2021. |
| Yang J N. Effects of Sowing Date and Cutting Regime on Productivity of Dual-Purposed Winter Wheat. PhD Dissertation of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 2021 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [22] |
Jiang M Y, Zhang J H. Water stress-induced abscisic acid accumulation triggers the increased generation of reactive oxygen species and up-regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes in maize leaves. J Exp Bot, 2002, 53: 2401-2410.
doi: 10.1093/jxb/erf090 pmid: 12432032 |
| [23] |
Srivalli S, Khanna-Chopra R. Delayed wheat flag leaf senescence due to removal of spikelets is associated with increased activities of leaf antioxidant enzymes, reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio and oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2009, 47: 663-670.
doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.03.015 |
| [24] |
An Y, Zhang S. Effects of mechanical damage and herbivore wounding on H2O2 metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in hybrid poplar leaves. J For Res, 2009, 20, 156-160.
doi: 10.1007/s11676-009-0027-x |
| [25] | 郭安琪, 周瑞莲, 宋玉, 马会雷. 刈割后黑麦草生理保护作用对其补偿性生长的影响. 生态学报, 2018, 38: 3495-3503. |
| Guo A Q, Zhou R L, Song Y, Ma H L. Relationship between physiological protection mechanisms and the compensatory growth of Lolium perenne L. at different cutting treatment levels. Acta Ecol Sin, 2018, 38: 3495-3503 (in Chinese with English abstract). | |
| [26] |
Rong C, Liu Y, Chang Z, Liu Z, Ding Y, Ding C. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase family genes exhibit functional divergence and overlap in rice growth and development, especially in control of tillering. J Exp Bot, 2022, 73: 3552-3568.
doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac088 pmid: 35247044 |
| [27] |
Tanaka M, Takei K, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Mori H. Auxin controls local cytokinin biosynthesis in the nodal stem in apical dominance. Plant J, 2006, 45: 1028-1036.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02656.x pmid: 16507092 |
| [28] | Wu L Y, Shang G D, Wang F X, Gao J, Wan M C, Xu Z G, Wang J W. Dynamic chromatin state profiling reveals regulatory roles of auxin and cytokinin in shoot regeneration. Cell, 2022, 57: 526-542. |
| [1] | 胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846. |
| [2] | 金昱何, 王雪菲, 徐张一娃, 缪怡宁, 蒋云杰, 伊莹, 缪德麟, 朱静仪, 钟一帆, 陈铭亨, 方芳, 刘鹏. 外源激素对低温胁迫下大豆叶片叶绿素荧光参数及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1817-1829. |
| [3] | 马胜乾, 王志平, 陈浩天, 窦淑贤, 张燕, 邓艾兴, 张卫建, 原向阳, 宋振伟. 秸秆还田下耕作方式与氮肥施用量对东北玉米产量及土壤团聚体的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816. |
| [4] | 张思思, 赵向辉, 周洋, 姚云凤, 朱荣昱, 董元杰, 胡国庆, 徐通, 刘兆新. 冬闲期翻耕和绿肥还田对连作花生田土壤理化性质和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486. |
| [5] | 张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325. |
| [6] | 王宇诚, 张露, 刘阿康, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 袁珅. 基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1279-1290. |
| [7] | 赵佳雪, 周龙昊, 郭岂源, 尚伦霄, 王涵, 刘志涛, 陈曦, 张晓佩, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽. 长期秸秆还田与深松通过改善土壤环境与棉花光合特性提高滨海盐碱地棉花产量[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560. |
| [8] | 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547. |
| [9] | 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535. |
| [10] | 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372. |
| [11] | 刘昕萌, 任昊, 张继波, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 王洪章. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)缓解高温影响玉米雌穗分化的生理机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572. |
| [12] | 王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521. |
| [13] | 张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500. |
| [14] | 侯思宇, 王国璀, 韦金贵, 谢玮欣, 殷文, 樊志龙, 柴强, 胡发龙. 绿肥配施化学氮肥对西北干旱灌区小麦干物质积累及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1208-1219. |
| [15] | 尚云秋, 赵竹, 陈欢, 丁永刚, 乔玉强, 李玮, 张向前, 曹承富, 杜世州. 长期定位耕作方式对雨养小麦籽粒灌浆和产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1236-1250. |
|
||