作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 334-346.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.32006
张正康1(), 苏延红1(
), 阮孙美1, 张敏1, 张攀1, 张慧2, 曾千春2, 罗琼1,*(
)
ZHANG Zheng-Kang1(), SU Yan-Hong1(
), RUAN Sun-Mei1, ZHANG Min1, ZHANG Pan1, ZHANG Hui2, ZENG Qian-Chun2, LUO Qiong1,*(
)
摘要:
白叶枯病是水稻生产中最严重的细菌性病害。优良抗病基因的挖掘和育种利用是防治该病害最经济有效的方法。疣粒野生稻(Oryza meyeriana)具有对白叶枯病高抗甚至免疫的特性, 是白叶枯病抗性基因资源的天然宝库。课题组在疣粒野生稻转录组和基因组测序的基础上, 从疣粒野生稻中克隆了水稻白叶枯抗性基因OsXa13的同源基因OgXa13的cDNA和含UTR区域的8908 bp基因组序列。序列分析结果显示, OgXa13基因由5个外显子和4个内含子组成, 与水稻中感病基因OsXa13的基因组结构和核心启动子序列均一致。OgXa13与水稻OsXa13的蛋白序列有21个氨基酸的差异, 其中4个氨基酸的替换差异位于MtN3.1结构域。过表达OgXa13的感病水稻TP309植株白叶枯病的抗性显著增强, 推测氨基酸序列差异导致了OgXa13与OsXa13蛋白功能的不同, OgXa13可作为一个显性白叶枯病抗性基因在育种中利用。利用CRISPR/Cas9敲除日本晴中感病基因OsXa13的T1代纯合株系对白叶枯病的抗性也明显增强, 表明通过CRISPR/Cas9编辑感病基因OsXa13是改良水稻对白叶枯病抗性的有效途径。该研究为水稻白叶枯病抗性育种提供了有价值的新基因资源和新信息。
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