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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (7): 1874-1886.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.53001

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

CO2浓度升高条件下球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米生长及产量的影响

董伟进1,2(), 张亚封1,2, 李启云1,2, 路杨2, 张正坤2,*(), 隋丽2,*()   

  1. 1吉林农业大学, 吉林长春 130118
    2吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所 / 吉林省农业微生物重点实验室 / 农业农村部东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 吉林长春 136100
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 接受日期:2025-04-25 出版日期:2025-07-12 网络出版日期:2025-05-06
  • 通讯作者: *张正坤, E-mail: zhangzhengkun1980@126.com; 隋丽, E-mail: suiyaoyi@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: dwj010825@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32271683);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2024RCY017);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2024JJ11)

Effects of Beauveria bassiana colonization on maize growth and yield under elevated CO2 concentration

DONG Wei-Jin1,2(), ZHANG Ya-Feng1,2, LI Qi-Yun1,2, LU Yang2, ZHANG Zheng-Kun2,*(), SUI Li2,*()   

  1. 1Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
    2Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology / Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 136100, Jilin, China
  • Received:2025-01-02 Accepted:2025-04-25 Published:2025-07-12 Published online:2025-05-06
  • Contact: *E-mail: zhangzhengkun1980@126.com; E-mail: suiyaoyi@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271683);Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Jilin Province(CXGC2024RCY017);Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Jilin Province(CXGC2024JJ11)

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摘要：

球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)作为昆虫病原真菌, 能够在植物体内定殖, 既促进植物生长, 又增强其抗生物和非生物胁迫能力。大气CO2浓度呈现逐年上升的态势, 这一变化不仅深刻影响着植物个体的生长发育和生理生化过程, 还在微观层面调控着植物与微生物之间复杂的互作关系。然而, 在CO2浓度升高条件下, 球孢白僵菌定殖对植物生长发育、产量以及籽粒品质的影响, 目前仍缺乏系统且深入的研究。本研究以玉米(Zea mays)为试验对象, 设置(400±50) μmol mol-1的正常CO2浓度和(600±50) μmol mol-1的高CO2浓度2个梯度, 研究球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米农艺性状、干物质积累、产量和籽粒品质的作用, 并分析各因素相关性。研究结果表明, 在2种不同CO2浓度条件下, 经球孢白僵菌定殖的玉米植株株高、茎粗增长显著, 生物量积累也有所提升; 在产量和品质方面, 球孢白僵菌定殖同样表现出增产提质的优势。进一步分析显示, 在高CO2浓度条件下, 球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米的正向促进作用更为显著。综上, CO2浓度升高条件下, 球孢白僵菌定殖能够使玉米生理适应性和生态稳定性增强, 资源利用效率提高, 对产量和品质产生积极影响。本研究为理解微生物-植物互作提供新视角, 也为未来农业可持续发展提供新思路。

关键词: 气候变化, 虫生真菌, 内生定殖, 产量构成, 籽粒品质

Abstract:

As an entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana has been shown to colonize host plants, where it not only promotes plant growth but also enhances resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. In the context of accelerating global industrialization, atmospheric CO2 concentrations are rising steadily, profoundly influencing plant growth, development, and physiological and biochemical processes. Moreover, elevated CO2 levels regulate complex interactions between plants and microorganisms at the microecological level. However, the impact of B. bassiana colonization on plant performance and grain quality under elevated CO2 conditions remains insufficiently understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of B. bassiana colonization on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, yield, and grain quality of maize (Zea mays) under two atmospheric CO2 concentrations: ambient (400 ± 50) μmol mol-1 and elevated (600 ± 50) μmol mol-1. The results revealed that B. bassiana-colonized maize exhibited significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, and biomass accumulation under both CO2 conditions. In terms of yield and grain quality, colonization also resulted in notable improvements. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of B. bassiana were more pronounced under elevated CO2, leading to accelerated growth rates and enhanced biomass and grain quality. In conclusion, B. bassiana colonization enhances the physiological adaptability and ecological stability of maize under elevated CO2 conditions. These findings provide new insights into plant-microbe interactions and offer promising strategies for advancing sustainable agricultural development in the face of climate change.

Key words: climate change, entomogenous fungi, endophytic colonization, yield composition, grain quality

图1

CO2浓度变化图 Control代表正常CO2浓度(400±50) μmol mol-1, 不接种球孢白僵菌处理; Bb代表正常CO2浓度, 接种球孢白僵菌处理; eCO2代表高CO2浓度(600±50) μmol mol-1, 不接种球孢白僵菌处理; eCO2+Bb代表高CO2浓度, 接种球孢白僵菌处理。"

图2

2种CO2浓度条件下球孢白僵菌定殖率 处理同图1。不同字母代表不同试验处理之间的差异显著性(P < 0.05)。"

图3

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米株高和茎粗的影响 处理同图1。A: 2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖条件下的玉米植株株高; B: 2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖条件下的玉米植株茎粗。S1: 苗期; S2: 拔节期; S3: 喇叭口期; S4: 吐丝期; S5: 成熟期。不同字母代表不同试验处理之间的差异显著性(P < 0.05)。"

图4

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米生长速率的影响 处理同图1。S1-S2: 苗期至拔节期; S2-S3: 拔节期至喇叭口期; S3-S4: 喇叭口期至吐丝期; S4-S5: 吐丝期至成熟期。不同字母代表不同试验处理之间的差异显著性(P < 0.05)。"

图5

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对成熟期玉米生物积累量(鲜重和干重)的影响 处理同图1。A: 成熟期玉米总生物积累量; B: 成熟期玉米茎生物积累量; C: 成熟期玉米叶生物积累量; D: 成熟期玉米根生物积累量; E: 成熟期玉米籽粒生物积累量。不同字母代表不同试验处理之间的差异显著性(P < 0.05)。"

表1

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米籽粒产量构成因素的影响"

处理
Treatment		 穗轴长
Ear length (cm)		 穗轴粗
Ear diameter (cm)		 穗行数
Rows per ear		 行粒数
Grains per row		 穗轴重
Cob weight
(g)		 百粒重
100-grain weight
(g)		 收获指数
Harvest index (%)
Control 17.11 bc 9.74 c 28.62 ab 14.37 a 24.24 a 25.49 b 36.24 b
Bb 19.19 a 10.38 ab 28.87 ab 14.12 a 24.09 a 28.07 b 38.22 ab
eCO2 16.74 c 10.00 bc 25.87 b 13.56 a 26.83 a 27.83 b 38.72 ab
eCO2+Bb 18.31 ab 10.61 a 30.75 a 15.06 a 25.53 a 31.37 a 40.07 a

表2

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米含水量动态的影响"

处理
Treatment		 吐丝期 Silking period 成熟期 Mature period
茎
Stem		 叶
Leaf		 根
Root		 总
Total		 茎
Stem		 叶
Leaf		 根
Root		 籽粒
Grain		 总
Total
Control 152.36 b 77.89 b 99.63 a 329.89 b 182.12 b 82.36 a 76.03 a 113.52 a 438.65 a
Bb 183.66 ab 131.86 a 116.46 a 431.99 a 182.50 b 86.38 a 70.31 a 101.58 a 469.07 a
eCO2 155.52 b 103.01 ab 101.13 a 359.66 b 192.21 ab 72.36 a 73.63 a 109.46 a 451.80 a
eCO2+Bb 222.26 a 139.78 a 113.44 a 475.49 a 213.28 a 75.27 a 86.79 a 98.85 a 481.78 a

表3

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对玉米籽粒品质的影响"

处理Treatment 粗脂肪Crude (%) 粗蛋白
Crude protein (%)		 淀粉
Starch (%)
Control 7.74 b 10.12 a 73.91 a
Bb 8.48 a 10.07 a 73.93 a
eCO2 7.76 b 9.65 a 74.76 a
eCO2+Bb 8.21 ab 10.21 a 73.68 a

图6

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对成熟期玉米生长发育指标间的相关性 Bb: 球孢白僵菌; eCO2: 高CO2浓度(600±50) μmol mol-1; Bb×eCO2, 球孢白僵菌定殖和高CO2浓度交互作用。PH: 植株高度; SD: 植株茎粗; SDMW: 茎干物质重量; LDMW: 叶干物质重量; RDMW: 根干物质重量; GDMW: 籽粒干物质重量; SMC: 茎含水量; LMC: 叶含水量; RMC: 根含水量; GMC: 籽粒含水量。*: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01。"

图7

2种CO2浓度和球孢白僵菌定殖对成熟期玉米籽粒各指标间的相关性 Bb: 球孢白僵菌; eCO2: 高CO2浓度(600±50) μmol mol-1; Bb×eCO2: 球孢白僵菌定殖和高CO2浓度交互作用。SL: 穗长; SW: 穗粗; ERN: 穗行数; GPE: 行粒数; HGW: 百粒重; HI: 收获指数; CP: 粗蛋白; EE: 粗脂肪; ST: 淀粉。*: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01。"

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