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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 1394-1405.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31030

所属专题： 小麦：遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆冬小麦籽粒品质性状遗传差异与关联分析

马艳明1,2,*(), 娄鸿耀3, 王威1, 孙娜4, 颜国荣1, 张胜军4, 刘杰2, 倪中福2, 徐麟1,*()   

  1. 1新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830091
    2中国农业大学农学院, 北京 100193
    3北京市农林科学院杂交小麦研究所, 北京 100097
    4新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所, 新疆伊宁 835011
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-26 接受日期:2024-01-31 出版日期:2024-06-12 网络出版日期:2024-03-01
  • 通讯作者: * 马艳明, E-mail: ymma213@sina.com;徐麟, E-mail: hnsyxulin@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: ymma213@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技资源共享服务平台: 国家作物种质资源库项目(NCGRC-2021-029);第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动(19191234)

Genetic difference and genome association analysis of grain quality traits in Xinjiang winter wheat

MA Yan-Ming1,2,*(), LOU Hong-Yao3, WANG Wei1, SUN Na4, YAN Guo-Rong1, ZHANG Sheng-Jun4, LIU Jie2, NI Zhong-Fu2, XU Lin1,*()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
    2College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
    3Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
    4Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Ili Prefecture, Yining 835011, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2023-04-26 Accepted:2024-01-31 Published:2024-06-12 Published online:2024-03-01
  • Contact: * E-mail: ymma213@sina.com;E-mail: hnsyxulin@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Science and Technology Resource Sharing Service Platform: National Crop Germplasm Resource Bank Project(NCGRC-2021-029);Third National Census and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources(19191234)

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摘要：

小麦籽粒品质与面粉加工的食品品质密切相关, 是小麦早期品质选择的重要依据。本研究以产自新疆的134个冬小麦地方品种和54个育成品种为材料, 对连续2年种植收获于新疆乌鲁木齐市、新疆伊宁市共计4个试验点的小麦籽粒进行品质检测与全基因组关联分析。结果表明, 7个小麦籽粒品质性状的广义遗传力在62.14%~85.35%之间, 由大到小排序依次为: 硬度(85.35%)>湿面筋含量(78.44%)>出粉率(73.13%)>容重(72.50%)>沉降值(66.70%)>籽粒蛋白质含量(65.24%)>淀粉含量(62.14%)。在4个不同环境下, 7个小麦籽粒品质性状表现为蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值的变异相对较大, 籽粒硬度的变异居中, 淀粉含量、出粉率、容重的变异较小, 多数籽粒品质性状间呈极显著相关性。设定阈值P<0.01, 经关联分析, 7个性状共检测到6605个显著性SNP标记, 可解释6.021%~31.467%的变异。4个环境下检测到2个以上性状共有的多性状位点12个, 可以解释6.233%~17.708%的表型变异。分别是蛋白质含量/沉降值、蛋白质含量/容重共有位点各1个, 分别位于6A、2B上; 蛋白质含量/湿面筋含量共有位点5个, 分别位于3A、1B、6B、7B和7D上; 沉降值/容重/籽粒硬度3个性状共有位点1个, 位于5B上; 蛋白质含量/沉降值/湿面筋含量3个性状共有位点3个, 位于7A、3B和2D上, 蛋白质含量/沉降值/湿面筋含量/容重4个性状共有位点1个, 染色体位置未知。筛选出11个多性状、多环境品质相关基因, 其中TraesCS6B01G347500编码一种储运蛋白, TraesCS1B01G395400编码碳水化合物转运蛋白/糖转运蛋白, TraesCS2D01G246500基因编码具有耐冷、耐盐、节水相关的蛋白ESKIMO1, 可作为候选基因进行等位变异分析和标记开发, 为小麦标记辅助选择育种提供分子工具。

关键词: 新疆, 冬小麦, 籽粒品质, 遗传差异, 关联分析

Abstract:

Seven grain quality traits were tested in the panel of 188 winter wheat accessions from Xinjiang. Twelve co-associated genetic loci were detected in four different environments via GWAS, explaining 6.021%-31.467% phenotypic variation. Two pleiotropism loci, located on chromosomes 6A and 2B, associated with protein content and settlement value, protein content and bulk density of wheat. Five pleiotropism loci, located on 3A, 1B, 6B, 7B, and 7D, shared by protein content and wet gluten content. One pleiotropism locus, located on 5B chromosome, associated with settlement value, bulk density of wheat and grain hardness. Three pleiotropism loci located on 7A, 3B, and 2D, respectively, which shared by protein content, settlement value, and wet gluten content, while one pleiotropism locus with unknown site was also associated with protein content, settlement value, and wet gluten content. These associated loci or genes might be employed to select favorite wheat genotypes, and cultivate elite wheat genotypes via marker-assisted selection in wheat quality breeding. Candidate genes at stable loci associated with multiple traits were searched, and 11 candidate genes that might be related to wheat grain quality with multiple traits and environments were screened. Among them, TraesCS6B01G347500 encoded a storage and transportation protein, TraesCS1B01G395400 encoded a carbohydrate transport protein/sugar transport protein, and TraesCS2D01G246500 gene encoded a protein ESKIMO1 related to cold tolerance, salt tolerance, and water conservation. These genes can be used as candidate genes for allelic variation analysis and marker development, provide molecular tools for wheat marker assisted selection breeding.

Key words: Xinjiang, winter wheat, kernel quality, genetic diversity, genome-wide association analysis

表1

试验点情况说明"

序号No. 编号Code 年份Year 地点Location 经度Longitude (°E) 纬度Latitude (°N)
E1 AN2017 2017 新疆乌鲁木齐市Urumqi, Xinjiang 86.22 44.31
E2 AN2018 2018 新疆乌鲁木齐市Urumqi, Xinjiang 86.22 44.31
E3 YN2017 2017 新疆伊宁市Yining, Xinjiang 81.32 43.92
E4 YN2018 2018 新疆伊宁市Yining, Xinjiang 81.32 43.92

表2

地方品种与育成品种间籽粒品质性状比较"

性状
Trait		 环境
Environment		 地方品种Landrace 育成品种Bred cultivar 各性状
均值差
MD
变幅
Range		 平均值
Average		 标准差
STD		 变异系数
CV (%)		 变幅
Range		 平均值
Average		 标准差
STD		 变异系数
CV (%)
籽粒蛋白质
含量GPC (%)		 E1 12.68-19.99 15.45 1.59 10.30 13.55-22.30 16.51 1.97 11.96 -1.07
E2 13.62-18.69 15.63 1.04 6.63 14.05-22.09 16.62 1.69 10.16 -1.00
E3 12.84-19.97 15.64 1.24 7.92 12.12-18.45 14.42 1.16 8.04 1.21
E4 13.44-17.54 15.53 0.77 4.98 12.68-18.89 14.99 1.11 7.40 0.54
湿面筋含量
WGC (%)		 E1 27.89-44.70 34.28 3.61 10.53 30.63-50.26 37.40 4.39 11.73 -3.11
E2 29.60-41.77 34.48 2.40 6.95 31.29-51.58 37.70 3.84 10.18 -3.23
E3 27.66-41.65 33.58 2.70 8.03 25.29-41.42 31.92 2.87 9.00 1.66
E4 28.73-37.87 33.56 1.82 5.44 26.78-42.60 33.13 2.59 7.81 0.43
沉降值
SV (mL)		 E1 29.85-54.05 39.95 5.19 12.99 31.33-65.21 41.82 7.53 18.00 -1.87
E2 25.09-43.71 34.33 3.76 10.95 26.29-58.39 37.77 7.21 19.09 -3.44
E3 21.94-65.53 39.58 6.81 17.22 21.47-44.58 31.44 5.02 15.98 8.14
E4 25.73-48.84 36.64 4.12 11.24 20.94-47.43 32.47 5.18 15.95 4.17
淀粉含量
ST (%)		 E1 65.43-73.70 70.43 1.53 2.17 64.35-73.59 70.13 2.19 3.12 0.30
E2 67.37-73.93 71.37 1.25 1.75 63.38-73.77 69.94 2.25 3.21 1.42
E3 55.50-74.64 67.89 2.92 4.30 63.96-76.08 70.89 2.33 3.28 -3.00
E4 63.07-72.45 68.44 1.85 2.70 62.15-72.94 69.90 2.11 3.01 -1.46
籽粒硬度
GH (%)		 E1 52.72-69.61 63.75 2.78 4.35 58.45-76.91 69.61 4.14 5.94 -5.87
E2 51.05-70.25 63.60 3.16 4.97 54.53-76.40 68.69 4.99 7.27 -5.09
E3 43.26-68.13 61.35 3.79 6.18 58.38-79.31 68.55 4.06 5.92 -7.20
E4 56.55-69.29 62.89 2.35 3.73 57.39-74.93 67.06 3.66 5.46 -4.18
出粉率
PER (%)		 E1 67.65-74.57 71.08 1.38 1.93 67.34-76.54 72.42 2.07 2.85 -1.34
E2 69.32-75.36 73.15 1.16 1.59 68.99-76.50 72.71 2.03 2.79 0.45
E3 49.39-74.85 70.07 3.31 4.73 65.80-76.25 72.43 2.06 2.85 -2.36
E4 66.96-74.61 71.33 1.42 1.99 66.14-75.34 71.74 1.82 2.54 -0.41
容重
TW (g L-1)		 E1 773.73-824.06 799.52 9.74 1.22 765.59-848.13 804.06 20.17 2.51 -4.54
E2 799.86-830.42 817.48 6.89 0.84 779.10-842.03 812.54 17.39 2.14 4.94
E3 732.22-831.40 774.04 18.22 2.35 739.17-834.47 801.08 19.92 2.49 -27.04
E4 753.31-823.28 783.44 13.20 1.68 729.87-818.90 792.64 17.39 2.19 -9.19

图1

地方品种与育成品种籽粒品质性状差异 *表示差异显著(P < 0.05), **表示差异极显著(P < 0.01), ns表示差异不显著。缩写同表1。"

表3

不同环境下7个籽粒品质性状相关性分析"

性状
Trait		 籽粒蛋白质
含量GPC (%)		 湿面筋含量
WGC (%)		 沉降值
SV (mL)		 淀粉含量
ST (%)		 籽粒硬度
GH (%)		 出粉率
PER (%)		 容重
TW (g L-1)
GPC E1 → 0.993** 0.916** -0.819** 0.111 -0.198** 0.033
WGC 0.984** 0.898** -0.809** 0.188* -0.156* 0.027
SV 0.901** 0.880** -0.830** 0.068 -0.292** -0.139
ST -0.875** -0.888** -0.769** 0.124 0.582** 0.381**
GH 0.024 0.151* 0.168* 0.032 0.671** 0.348**
PER -0.545** -0.509** -0.402** 0.717** 0.447** 0.626**
TW -0.449** -0.471** -0.504** 0.671** 0.483** 0.602** ← E2
GPC E3 → 0.973** 0.894** -0.804** -0.485** -0.598** -0.482**
WGC 0.963** 0.831** -0.749** -0.321** -0.542** -0.428**
SV 0.879** 0.792** -0.840** -0.557** -0.615** -0.579**
ST -0.799** -0.749** -0.786** 0.680** 0.808** 0.747**
GH -0.288** -0.110 -0.298** 0.488** 0.681** 0.592**
PER -0.632** -0.626** -0.552** 0.814** 0.419** 0.573**
TW -0.553** -0.514** -0.596** 0.872** 0.467** 0.679** ← E4

图2

7个籽粒品质性状关联分析曼哈顿图和QQ图 缩写同表1和表2。"

表4

籽粒品质性状相关的重复关联位点"

性状
Trait		 标记
Marker		 染色体
Chr.		 位置
Position		 P值(均值)
P-value (mean)		 表型变异率PVE (%)
籽粒蛋白质含量/沉降值GPC/SV AX_109046760 6A 375,955,442 3.67E-04 8.208-10.613
籽粒蛋白质含量/容重GPC/TW AX_111542084 2B 595,845,967 4.04E-04 8.601-12.774
籽粒蛋白质含量/湿面筋含量GPC/WGC AX_89596424 3A 513,927,853 2.81E-04 9.510-17.708
籽粒蛋白质含量/湿面筋含量GPC/WGC AX_111067142 1B 627,053,917 2.69E-04 9.153-10.943
籽粒蛋白质含量/湿面筋含量GPC/WGC AX_111566434 6B 612,059,412 4.49E-04 6.554-10.619
籽粒蛋白质含量/湿面筋含量GPC/WGC AX_111499605 7B 568,091,130 4.37E-04 8.395-11.468
籽粒蛋白质含量/湿面筋含量GPC/WGC AX_111106049 7D 135,928,531 7.41E-04 6.463-9.147
沉降值/容重/籽粒硬度SV/TW/GH AX_109272182 5B 26,961,478 1.41E-04 8.207-14.775
籽粒蛋白质含量/沉降值/湿面筋含量GPC/SV/WGC AX_111474675 7A 646,938,062 1.71E-04 9.625-13.464
籽粒蛋白质含量/沉降值/湿面筋含量GPC/SV/WGC AX_108790822 3B 141,628,162 2.68E-04 9.530-12.222
籽粒蛋白质含量/沉降值/湿面筋含量GPC/SV/WGC AX_109792377 2D 287,999,674 6.42E-04 6.233-10.184
籽粒蛋白质含量/沉降值/湿面筋含量/容重GPC/SV/WGC/TW AX_111768696 UN 239 4.24E-04 8.451-14.836
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