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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (9): 2285-2294.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.54024

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中早熟马铃薯‘陇薯20号’高效再生体系建立及抗草铵膦种质创制

贾小霞1,2(), 齐恩芳1,2, 文国宏1,2,*(), 马胜1,2, 黄伟1,2, 吕和平1,2, 李建武1,2, 曲亚英1,2, 丁宁1,2   

  1. 1甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所 / 甘肃省马铃薯种质资源创新工程实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070
    2国家种质资源渭源观测实验站, 甘肃渭源 748201
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-18 接受日期:2025-06-01 出版日期:2025-09-12 网络出版日期:2025-06-23
  • 通讯作者: *文国宏, E-mail: 251580436@qq.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 289192272@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由甘肃省创新驱动助力工程项目(GXH20250325-3);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09-P06);甘肃省农业科学院生物技术育种专项(2025GAAS15);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(25ZYJA002-2)

Establishment of regeneration system and creation of glufosinate-resistant germplasm for early-mid maturing potato ‘Longshu 20’

JIA Xiao-Xia1,2(), QI En-Fang1,2, WEN Guo-Hong1,2,*(), MA Sheng1,2, HUANG Wei1,2, LYU He-Ping1,2, LI Jian-Wu1,2, QU Ya-Ying1,2, DING Ning1,2   

  1. 1Potato Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Potato Germplasm resources Innovation, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2National Germplasm Resources Agricultural Experimental Station, Weiyuan 748201, Gansu, China
  • Received:2025-02-18 Accepted:2025-06-01 Published:2025-09-12 Published online:2025-06-23
  • Contact: *E-mail: 251580436@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Gansu Province Innovation-Driven Assistance Project(GXH20250325-3);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-09-P06);Special Project of Biotechnology Breeding of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2025GAAS15);Project of the Central Government-Guided Local Science and Technology Development Funds(25ZYJA002-2)

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摘要：

为建立中早熟菜用型马铃薯新品种‘陇薯20号’的高效再生体系、创制抗草铵膦新种质, 本研究通过系统分析试管苗茎段在添加不同浓度及其配比6-BA、NAA和GA3的MS培养基上的胚性愈伤诱导效率与芽再生能力发现, 在MS+1.0 mg L-1 6-BA+0.5 mg L-1 NAA+4.5 mg L-1 GA3+3%蔗糖的培养基中, 胚性愈伤诱导率(89.83%)与芽分化率(91.81%)最高。利用DNA重组技术构建Bar基因过表达载体, 借助农杆菌介导法转化试管苗茎段, 经2.0 mg L-1 PPT筛选, 成功获得6个独立转化株系。种植转基因及其未转基因对照株系, 在苗期茎叶喷施有效成分1271 g hm-2的市售草铵膦后, 未转基因对照株系9 d内完全枯萎死亡, 而转基因株系均表现出稳定的草铵膦抗性; 成熟期表型分析表明, 转基因株系的单株结薯数、单株产量及主要品质性状呈现不同程度分化, 其中S20-4的单株结薯数、单株产量与块茎淀粉、粗蛋白、还原糖含量等关键品质性状指标均与对照无显著差异, 这说明S20-4在整合草铵膦抗性的同时成功维持受体品种的产量与品质特性。本研究建立的高效再生体系为‘陇薯20号’的遗传改良奠定了基础, 创制的S20-4为抗除草剂高产育种提供了可直接应用的候选株系。

关键词: 马铃薯, 陇薯20号, 再生体系, Bar基因, 草铵膦

Abstract:

To establish an efficient regeneration system for the new early-mid maturing, vegetable-use potato cultivar ‘Longshu 20’ and to develop novel germplasm resistant to glufosinate, we systematically evaluated the embryogenic callus induction efficiency and shoot regeneration capacity of test-tube plantlet stem segments cultured on MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations and combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and gibberellic acid (GA3). The highest rates of embryogenic callus induction and shoot differentiation were observed on medium MS + 1.0 mg L-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg L-1 NAA + 4.5 mg L-1 GA3 + 3% sucrose. On day 30, the embryogenic callus induction rate reached 89.83%, while the shoot differentiation rate reached 91.81% by day 45. A Bar gene overexpression vector was constructed using recombinant DNA technology and introduced into stem segments via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. After selection on MS medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 phosphinothricin (PPT), six independent transgenic lines were successfully obtained. Both transgenic and non-transgenic control lines were grown and treated with commercial glufosinate-ammonium at an active ingredient content of 1271 g hm-2 during the seedling stage. Within 9 days, all non-transgenic control plants had completely withered and died, while all transgenic lines exhibited stable resistance to glufosinate-ammonium. Phenotypic analysis at maturity revealed variation among transgenic lines in terms of tuber number per plant, yield per plant, and key quality traits. Notably, transgenic line S20-4 showed no significant differences from the non-transgenic control in tuber number, yield, or key quality parameters such as starch, crude protein, and reducing sugar content. These results demonstrate that S20-4 successfully integrates glufosinate resistance while concurrently maintaining the yield and quality traits of the recipient cultivar. The efficient regeneration system developed in this study provides a solid foundation for the genetic improvement of ‘Longshu 20’, and the transgenic line S20-4 represents a promising candidate for direct application in breeding programs targeting herbicide resistance and high yield.

Key words: potato, Longshu 20, regeneration system, Bar gene, glyphosate

表1

再生培养基组分及配比"

培养基编号
Medium number		 基础培养基
Basic medium		 6-苄基腺嘌呤
6-BA (mg L-1)		 萘乙酸
NAA (mg L-1)		 赤霉素
GA3 (mg L-1)
A MS 1.00 0.25 2.00
B MS 2.00 0.25 4.50
C MS 3.00 0.25 7.00
D MS 1.00 0.50 4.50
E MS 2.00 0.50 7.00
F MS 3.00 0.50 2.00
G MS 1.00 0.75 7.00
H MS 2.00 0.75 2.00
I MS 3.00 0.75 4.50

图1

中间载体pBI121、pAHC25和植物表达载体pBI121-Pro35S-Bar示意图 图中ColE1 ori: 大肠杆菌E1质粒复制起点; CaMV35S: 花椰菜花叶病毒35S启动子; gusA: β-葡萄糖苷酸酶基因; NOS-ter: 胭脂碱合成酶基因终止子; Promoter: 泛素启动子; GUS: β-葡萄糖苷酸酶基因; NOS 3': 胭脂碱合成酶基因3'非翻译区; BAR: 双丙氨膦抗性基因; pUCB: pUC 骨架; ori V: 营养复制起点。"

表2

不同培养基上愈伤组织和不定芽诱导分析"

培养基编号
Medium number		 外植体数
Number of explants		 培养15 d时愈伤组织诱导率
Induction rate of callus tissue after 15 days of cultivation (%)		 培养30 d时胚型愈伤组织诱导率
Induction rate of embryogenic
callus tissue after 30 days of
cultivation (%)		 培养45 d时胚性愈伤不定芽诱导率
Induction rate of adventitious buds from embryogenic callus after 45 days of cultivation (%)
A 113 45.61±1.21 d 18.16±0.73 d 0.00±0.00 d
B 117 66.56±1.14 c 9.64±0.83 e 8.96±1.23 c
C 111 25.48±0.89 f 0.00±0.00 g —
D 115 92.50±1.03 a 89.83±0.98 a 91.81±2.14 a
E 113 43.57±1.23 d 21.23±0.87 c 0.00±0.00 d
F 114 27.14±0.97 f 0.00±0.00 g —
G 116 32.28±1.06 e 6.64±0.96 f 0.00±0.00 d
H 118 46.83±0.89 d 17.05±0.86 d 0.00±0.00 d
I 114 77.78±1.17 b 48.45±0.95 b 16.23±1.96 b

图2

S20愈伤诱导及PPT抗性苗筛选 培养基的组份及配比同表1。PPT: 草丁膦; A、B分别为在培养基D、E上培养35 d时的愈伤组织; C为含2.0 mg L-1 PPT筛选培养基上S20试管苗茎段转化再生苗; D、E分别为含2.0 mg L-1 PPT培养基上未转基因S20及其转Bar基因株系试管苗。"

图3

植物表达载体pBI121-Pro35S-Bar酶切鉴定 M: Marker III; 1、2分别为EcoR I/Hind III和BamH I/Hind III双酶切阳性质粒产物。"

图4

转化株系PCR鉴定及其Bar基因表达分析 A: PPT抗性转化株系及其对照PCR分析, 图中M为200 bp DNA Ladder, CK为阴性对照, 1~6为6个不同的转基因株系; B: 不同转基因株系中Bar基因表达分析, 图中S20-1、S20-2、S20-3、S20-4、S20-5、S20-6为6个不同的转基因株系, 不同小写字母表示各株系在P < 0.05水平差异显著。"

图5

S20转基因及其未转基因对照草铵膦抗性分析 A、B分别为喷施草铵膦后0 d和9 d时S20植株; C、D分别为喷施草铵膦后0 d和9 d时S20转Bar基因株系; E为田间试验喷施清水的对照; F、G均为田间试验喷施草铵膦后9 d时大区和小区的田间景象; H为喷施草铵膦后20 d时田间景象。"

表3

S20及其转Bar基因株系块茎品质及单株产量分析"

株系
名称
Name of strains		 干物质含量
Content of
dry matter (%)		 淀粉含量
Content of
starch (%)		 粗蛋白含量
Content of crude protein (%)		 还原糖含量
Content of
reduced sugar (%)		 维生素C含量Content of vitamin C
(mg 100-1 g-1)		 单株结薯数
Number of tubers per plant		 单株产量
Yield of per
plant (g)
S20 17.80±1.24 ab 11.79±1.03 a 2.17±0.11 a 0.21±0.03 c 11.80±0.26 a 4.29±0.12 a 627.26±14.96 a
S20-1 17.34±0.97 ab 12.03±0.98 a 2.18±0.12 a 0.24±0.05 c 10.69±0.45 a 3.12±0.09 e 475.07±12.62 b
S20-2 15.06±1.02 b 11.96±1.32 a 2.21±0.06 a 0.48±0.02 a 11.02±0.69 a 3.98±0.15 b 509.94±21.07 b
S20-3 18.90±1.56 a 10.89±1.01 a 2.13±0.09 a 0.36±0.03 b 10.67±1.02 a 3.69±0.03 bc 391.78±18.74 c
S20-4 17.65±0.89 ab 11.98±0.89 a 2.23±0.10 a 0.22±0.02 c 11.96±0.98 a 4.33±0.08 a 635.12±21.04 a
S20-5 16.89±1.96 b 12.21±0.93 a 2.21±0.09 a 0.39±0.06 b 11.06±1.32 a 3.73±0.14 b 321.46±19.64 d
S20-6 16.07±1.47 b 11.32±0.93 a 2.15±0.07 a 0.37±0.05 b 10.78±1.23 a 3.48±0.18 cd 311.46±17.57 d
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