大豆蛋白质脂肪及脂肪酸组分相关QTL定位

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.55024

作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2899-2910.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.55024

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

大豆蛋白质脂肪及脂肪酸组分相关QTL定位

林洋¹^,²(), 史晓蕾²(), 陈强², 刘兵强², 杨庆², 于慧娟¹^,², 闫龙², 武小霞¹^,^*(), 杨春燕²^,^*()

¹ 东北农业大学农学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150030
² 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 / 国家大豆改良中心石家庄分中心 / 农业农村部黄淮海大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室 / 河北省遗传育种重点实验室, 河北石家庄050035

收稿日期:2025-03-25 接受日期:2025-08-13 出版日期:2025-11-12 网络出版日期:2025-08-22
通讯作者: *武小霞, E-mail: xxwu2012@126.com; 杨春燕, E-mail: chyyang66@163.com
作者简介:林洋, E-mail:13932453091@163.com;
史晓蕾, E-mail: shixiaolei59@163.com
**同等贡献
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-PS09);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-LYS-7);河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HBCT2024060202)

QTL mapping of soybean protein, oil, and fatty acid components

LIN Yang¹^,²(), SHI Xiao-Lei²(), CHEN Qiang², LIU Bing-Qiang², YANG Qing², YU Hui-Juan¹^,², YAN Long², WU Xiao-Xia¹^,^*(), YANG Chun-Yan²^,^*()

¹ College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
² Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences / Shijiazhuang Branch Center of National Center for Soybean Improvement / Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China

Received:2025-03-25 Accepted:2025-08-13 Published:2025-11-12 Published online:2025-08-22
Contact: *E-mail: xxwu2012@126.com; E-mail: chyyang66@163.com
About author:
**Contributed equally to this work
Supported by:
China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-04-PS09);HAAFS Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Project(2022KJCXZX-LYS-7);Hebei Agriculture Research System Project(HBCT2024060202)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大豆是重要的粮油作物, 可为人类提供必需蛋白质和脂肪等营养物质。本研究以河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所构建的“冀豆17×冀豆12” RIL群体为材料, 利用已构建遗传图谱, 通过QTL IciMapping 4.1软件, 对3个环境中的大豆蛋白质、脂肪含量以及5种脂肪酸组分进行QTL定位。分别定位到7个、7个、45个与蛋白质、脂肪、5种脂肪酸组分相关的QTL。这些位点分别分布在除1、7、16号染色体以外的17条染色体上。其中1个与蛋白质含量相关的QTL, 2个与脂肪含量相关的QTL和9个与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL在多个环境中被重复检测到。首次检测到2个与棕榈酸含量有关的QTL位点, 1个与亚麻酸含量有关的QTL位点。这些稳定的主效位点对于分子标记辅助大豆品质改良具有重要意义。

关键词: 大豆, 蛋白质, 脂肪, 脂肪酸, QTL

Abstract:

Soybean is a major grain and oil crop that provides essential proteins and fats for human nutrition. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross “Jidou 17 × Jidou 12”, developed by the Oil and Grain Crops Research Institute of the Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, was used as the experimental material. Based on a previously constructed genetic map, QTL mapping for protein content, oil content, and five fatty acid components was performed in three different environments using the QTL IciMapping 4.1 software. A total of 7, 7, and 45 QTLs related to protein, oil, and fatty acid contents, respectively, were identified. These QTLs were distributed across 17 chromosomes, excluding chromosomes 1, 7, and 16. One QTL for protein content, two for oil content, and nine for fatty acid content were consistently detected across multiple environments. Notably, two QTLs associated with palmitic acid content and one associated with linolenic acid content were identified for the first time. These stable and major loci provide valuable targets for molecular marker-assisted improvement of soybean quality.

Key words: soybean, protein, oil, fatty acid, QTL

林洋, 史晓蕾, 陈强, 刘兵强, 杨庆, 于慧娟, 闫龙, 武小霞, 杨春燕. 大豆蛋白质脂肪及脂肪酸组分相关QTL定位[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(11): 2899-2910.

LIN Yang, SHI Xiao-Lei, CHEN Qiang, LIU Bing-Qiang, YANG Qing, YU Hui-Juan, YAN Long, WU Xiao-Xia, YANG Chun-Yan. QTL mapping of soybean protein, oil, and fatty acid components[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(11): 2899-2910.

图/表 9

图1

表1

图2

图3

表2

图4

图5

表3

RIL群体蛋白质与脂肪含量及脂肪酸组分QTL定位"

性状 Trait	年份 Year	QTL名称 QTL name	染色体 Chr.	区间 Marker or interval		LOD值 LOD	贡献率 PVE (%)	加性效应 Add	前人研究结果 Results of previous studies
蛋白质含量Protein content	2022	qPro_8_1^*	8	41693316-41962208		6.34	9.55	0.7092
	2022	qPro_8_2^*	8	45846707-45966388		4.03	5.94	-0.5599
	2022	qPro_10_1	10	3924898-4456438		2.77	4.03	-0.4609
	2022	qPro_17_1^*	17	12449434-12719216		6.78	10.28	-0.7442	28908011-11223368 ^[22]
	2023	qPro_17_1^*	17	13814520-14279713		4.01	9.16	-0.6019	23721038-12509368 ^[23]
	2024	qPro_2_1	2	14955863-15294566		3.37	8.43	-0.5445
	2024	qPro_9_1	9	38482381-38838245		2.58	6.31	0.4730
脂肪含量 Oil content	2022	qOil_15_1	15	6021048-6794000		3.34	7.77	0.3105	6823519-7537521 ^[24]
	2022	qOil_17_1	17	37078396-37231634		2.70	6.12	0.2753	38763354-23948117 ^[22]
	2022	qOil_19_1	19	46485195-47204138		3.15	7.62	0.3087
	2023	qOil_15_1	15	7526080-7586529		3.37	7.67	0.3165	6823519-7537521 ^[24]
	2023	qOil_17_1	17	37231634-37565269		3.42	7.91	0.3218	38763354-23948117 ^[22]
	2024	qOil_2_1	2	14955863-15294566		3.13	7.04	0.3343
	2024	qOil_3_1^*	3	39055845-39396577		6.81	16.37	-0.5110
棕榈酸Palmitic acid content	2022	qPA_2_1^*	2	4627941-5028055		6.64	12.54	-0.0021
	2022	qPA_2_2^*	2	46571256-47064901		4.51	8.50	-0.0017
	2022	qPA_9_1	9	37059124-37604876		2.93	5.07	0.0013
	2023	qPA_2_1^*	2	4627941-5028055		3.93	7.92	-0.0015
	2023	qPA_2_2^*	2	47064901-47262439		3.94	7.70	-0.0015
	2023	qPA_8_1^*	8	44829555-45597124		3.50	7.93	0.0015	41292087-43461936 ^[25]
	2024	qPA_5_1^*	5	41669462-41926452		3.62	8.20	-0.0015
	2024	qPA_8_1^*	8	44829555-45597124		3.93	8.91	0.0016	41292087-43461936 ^[25]
硬脂酸含量 Stearic acid content	2022	qSA_12_1	12	36622894-36860564		3.28	5.53	0.0006
	2022	qSA_14_1^*	14	41921137-42499704		12.73	24.27	-0.0013	45041539-17206268^[17,26]
	2022	qSA_18_1	18	9853074-12244773		2.76	4.63	-0.0006	7031610-10011867^[23]
	2022	qSA_6_1	6	44468034-45504017		3.12	5.23	0.0006	18736894-17218677^[26-27]
	2023	qSA_14_2	14	7265117-7319673		3.19	3.89	0.0007
	2023	qSA_14_1^*	14	41921137-42499704		19.26	28.19	-0.0018	45041539-17206268^[17,26]
	2023	qSA_18_1	18	19650949-18718990		2.78	3.32	-0.0006	7031610-10011867^[23]
	2023	qSA_6_1	6	16721800-44379906		3.45	4.97	0.0007	18736894-17218677^[26-27]
	2024	qSA_3_1^*	3	37826833-37844905		6.84	9.58	0.0010
	2024	qSA_10_1^*	10	39754114-39830221		5.40	7.46	0.0009
	2024	qSA_14_1^*	14	32133459-32469801		7.79	11.30	-0.0011
	2024	qSA_17_1	17	10209159-12449434		2.91	3.93	-0.0007	45041539-17206268^{[17-18,20 -26]}
	2024	qSA_18_1^*	18	19650949-18718990		4.43	6.00	-0.0008	7031610-10011867^[23]
油酸含量 Oleic acid content	2022	qOA_11_1^*	11	27919630-15919569		3.71	8.15	0.0045
	2022	qOA_6_1	6	5919686-6318489		2.90	6.06	-0.0038
	2022	qOA_8_1	8	540525-913491		2.94	5.99	-0.0039
	2023	qOA_10_1	10	41173098-42740210		2.76	4.84	-0.0035
	2023	qOA_13_1	13	38339398-39073288		3.22	5.96	-0.0039
	2023	qOA_17_1	17	40269550-40624722		3.45	6.19	0.0039
	2023	qOA_4_1	4	49758551-49991113		3.30	5.77	0.0038
油酸含量 Oleic acid content	2023	qOA_5_1	5	662392-1499171	3.25	5.83	0.0038
	2024	qOA_3_1^*	3	38103441-38132250	3.78	8.03	-0.0043
	2024	qOA_19_1	19	37779653-38151343	2.62	5.56	-0.0035
亚油酸含量 Linoleic acid content	2022	qLA_13_1	13	41484449-41723456	2.66	6.87	0.0031
亚油酸含量 Linoleic acid content	2022	qLA_2_1^*	2	3425604-3542335	4.64	11.99	0.0040
亚麻酸含量 Linolenic acid content	2022	qLNA_10_1^*	10	43482211-43577420	4.37	8.86	0.0030	44695771-44718071 ^[28]
	2022	qLNA_20_1	20	45682176-45921670	2.81	5.58	-0.0024
	2022	qLNA_8_1^*	8	45846707-45966388	7.06	14.92	-0.0039	45939584-43498672 ^[29]
	2023	qLNA_10_1^*	10	43482211-43577420	7.07	9.85	0.0034	44695771-44718071 ^[28]
	2023	qLNA_17_1^*	17	36947820-37078396	4.20	5.64	-0.0026
	2023	qLNA_6_1^*	6	16721800-44379906	3.96	6.86	-0.0029
	2023	qLNA_8_1^*	8	45846707-45966388	5.89	8.28	-0.0031	45939584-43498672 ^[29]
	2024	qLNA_3_1^*	3	38132250-38684678	4.93	8.60	0.0030
	2024	qLNA_8_1^*	8	45846707-45966388	5.40	9.49	-0.0031	45939584-43498672 ^[29]
	2024	qLNA_12_1	12	301836-683675	2.62	4.42	0.0021
	2024	qLNA_17_1	17	37485073-37917956	3.06	5.16	-0.0023
	2024	qLNA_19_1	19	46485195-47204138	2.58	4.50	0.0021

表3

图6

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性状 Trait	年份Year	最大值Max. (%)	最小值 Min. (%)	平均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	偏度 Skew	峰度 Kurt	变异系数 CV (%)	遗传力 h²b
蛋白质含量Protein content	2022	50.60	34.27	41.81	2.09	0.19	0.11	5.00	0.59
	2023	51.89	35.91	41.58	2.01	0.58	-0.15	4.83
	2024	46.60	36.33	41.79	1.99	-0.16	-0.27	4.76
脂肪 Oil content	2022	22.16	15.09	19.68	1.19	-0.50	0.47	6.06	0.55
	2023	23.41	13.96	20.06	1.20	-0.34	-0.03	5.96
	2024	23.13	15.06	19.38	1.31	-0.20	0.15	6.76

性状 Trait	年份 Year	最大值Max. (%)	最小值 Min. (%)	平均值 Mean (%)	标准差 SD	偏度Skew	峰度 Kurt	变异系数 CV (%)	遗传力 h²b
棕榈酸Palmitic acid	2022	13.28	10.21	11.94	0.55	-0.05	-0.30	4.65	0.87
	2023	13.61	10.63	12.09	0.51	-0.30	0.22	4.20
	2024	14.05	10.91	12.38	0.54	-0.18	0.07	4.40
硬脂酸 Stearic acid	2022	4.79	3.04	3.67	0.31	0.42	0.13	8.52	0.82
	2023	4.25	2.93	3.60	0.27	-0.05	-0.51	7.56
	2024	4.87	3.25	4.08	0.31	0.02	-0.11	7.56
油酸 Oleic acid	2022	25.30	16.68	20.51	1.57	0.29	0.16	7.64	0.77
	2023	28.84	13.81	19.34	2.04	0.34	1.94	10.54
	2024	24.72	15.41	19.20	1.52	0.63	0.97	7.89
亚油酸 Linoleic acid	2022	56.85	50.74	53.80	1.20	-0.09	-0.34	2.23	0.80
	2023	59.46	48.09	55.37	1.55	-0.39	2.21	2.81
	2024	57.20	50.48	54.39	1.25	-0.33	-0.23	2.30
亚麻酸Linolenic acid	2022	13.05	6.28	10.07	0.99	0.11	0.64	9.83	0.73
	2023	14.03	5.86	9.61	0.98	0.50	2.79	10.17
	2024	12.41	5.53	9.95	1.01	-0.29	1.19	10.11

大豆蛋白质脂肪及脂肪酸组分相关QTL定位

QTL mapping of soybean protein, oil, and fatty acid components

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