欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (09): 1677-1685.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01677

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

覆膜栽培对甘薯幼根生长发育、块根形成及产量的影响

王翠娟1,史春余1,*,王振振1,柴沙沙1,柳洪鹃1,史衍玺2   

  1. 1 山东农业大学农学院 / 作物生物学国家重点实验室，山东泰安 271018；2 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东青岛266109
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-19 修回日期:2014-06-16 出版日期:2014-09-12 网络出版日期:2014-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 史春余, E-mail: scyu@sdau.edu.cn, Tel:0538-8246259
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31371577)，国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(GARS-11-B-14)和山东省薯类创新团队首席专家(SDAIT-10-011-01)资助。

Effects of Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation on Young Roots Growth Development, Tuber Formation and Tuber Yield of Sweet Potato

WANG Cui-Juan1,SHI Chun-Yu1,*,WANG Zhen-Zhen1,CHAI Sha-Sha1,LIU Hong-Juan1,SHI Yan-Xi2   

  1. 1 College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, China; 2 Resources and Environment College, Qingdao Agricultural University, QingDao 266109, China
  • Received:2013-10-19 Revised:2014-06-16 Published:2014-09-12 Published online:2014-06-10
  • Contact: 史春余, E-mail: scyu@sdau.edu.cn, Tel:0538-8246259

RichHTML

PDF

1604

被引次数

18

摘要：

 选用济徐23为材料，进行2年的大田试验和一年的盆栽试验，研究2种覆膜栽培对甘薯生长前期幼根生长发育和吸收能力、分化根内源激素含量和封垄期单株块根鲜重的影响及其与产量的关系。结果表明，覆黑色膜和覆透明膜处理与对照相比，均显著(P<0.05)增加甘薯秧苗栽植后10 d和20 d的幼根数量、总长度、鲜重、表面积、体积和幼根根系的吸收面积、活跃吸收面积，其中的幼根数量、鲜重、体积、幼根根系的吸收面积、活跃吸收面积在2种覆膜处理间差异显著(P<0.05)，覆黑色膜优于覆透明膜；2种覆膜处理显著(P<0.05)提高秧苗栽植后10 d的根系活力，且覆黑色膜优于覆透明膜。同时，在块根分化期(秧苗栽植后20 d和30 d)2种覆膜处理显著(P<0.05)提高了分化根的ZR含量，促进初生形成层的活动和块根形成；在块根膨大初期(秧苗栽植后40 d)2种覆膜处理显著(P<0.05)提高分化根的ABA含量和显著(P<0.05)降低分化根的GA含量，促进次生形成层的活动、淀粉积累和块根膨大，其中，块根膨大初期2种覆膜处理ABA和GA含量差异显著(P<0.05)，均覆黑色膜处理效果最好。在2年的大田试验中，2种覆膜处理与对照相比，均显著提高了甘薯封垄期的单株有效薯块数和单薯鲜重，覆黑色膜的单株有效薯块数高于覆透明膜，而覆透明膜的单薯鲜重显著(P<0.05)大于覆黑色膜处理。覆黑色膜和覆透明膜处理2011年分别增产10.71%和5.76%，2012年分别增产12.99%和7.45%。

关键词: 甘薯, 覆膜栽培, 块根分化建成, 产量

Abstract:

A two-year trial and a one-year pot experiment were performed to investigate growth and development and absorbing ability of young roots, endogenous hormones content of differentiated roots at early growing stage using variety Jixu 23 with two types of plastic film mulching cultivation, and no plastic as control (CK). The tuberous root fresh weight per plant at 50 days after planting was determined, and its relationship with tuberous root yield at harvest time was analyzed. The results showed that, at 10 and 20 days after planting, the number, total length, fresh weight, and volume of young roots significantly increased compared with control, and the differences in activity, total absorption area and active absorption area of young roots between two plastic film mulching treatments were significant (P<0.05), showing the black plastic film mulching (BF) superior to the transparent film mulching (TF). Besides, zeatin riboside (ZR) content of differentiated roots (at 10 and 20 days after planting) was significant improved, which was in favor of procambium activity and tuberous roots formation. On the other hand, at early expansion period of tuberous roots, plastic film mulching cultivation increased abscisic acid (ABA) content and decreased gibberellin (GA) content in differentiated roots, as well as improved the secondary cambium activity, starch accumulation and differentiated root expansion. Meanwhile, abscisic acid (ABA) content and gibberellin (GA) content under the black film mulching significantly changed. Film mulching cultivation increased the number and fresh weight of tuberous roots per plant at 50 days after planting, which contributed to higher fresh yield of tuberous root at harvest time. In the two year experiment, two treatments significantly enhanced the valid tuber number and fresh tuber yield compared with CK. The average increments were 10.71% and 5.76% in 2011, and 12.99% and 7.45% in 2012, respectively.

Key words: Sweet potato, Film mulching cultivation, Tuberous root formation, Tuberous root yield

[1]于振文. 作物栽培学各论. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003. p 128



Yu Z W. Crop Cultivation. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003. p 128 (in Chinese)



[2]史春余, 王振林, 余松烈. 土壤通气性对甘薯产量的影响及其生理机制. 中国农业科学, 2001, 34: 173–178



Shi C Y, Wang Z Z, Yu S L. Effect of soil aeration on sweet potato yield and its physiological mechanism. Sci Agric Sin, 2001, 34: 173–178 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[3]史春余, 王振林, 赵秉强, 郭风法, 余松烈. 钾营养对甘薯某些生理特性和产量形成的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2002, 8: 81–85



Shi C Y, Wang Z Z, Zhao B Q, Guo F F, Yu S L. Effect of potassium nutrition on some physiological characteristics and yield formation of sweet potato. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2002, 8: 81–85 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[4]陈晓光, 李洪民, 张爱君, 史新敏, 唐忠厚, 魏猛, 史春余. 不同氮水平下多效唑对食用型甘薯光合和淀粉积累的影响. 作物学报, 2012, 38: 1728–1733



Chen X G, Li H M, Zhang A J, Shi X M, Tang Z H, Wei M, Shi C Y. Effect of paclobutrazol under different N-application rates on photosynthesis and starch accumulation in edible sweet potato. Acta Agron Sin, 2012, 38: 1728–1733 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[5]马代夫, 朱崇文. 甘薯壮苗增产的生理基础. 中国甘薯, 1987, 91: 114–118



Ma D F, Zhu C W. Physiological basis of sweet potato strong seedling on high tuberous root yield. Chin Sweet Potato, 1987, 91: 114–118 (in Chinese)



[6]王有宁, 王荣堂, 董秀荣. 地膜覆盖作物农田光温效应研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2004, 12 (3): 139–141



Wang Y N, Wang R T, Dong X R. Light temperature effect of farm land coving with film. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2004, 12 (3): 139–141 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[7]王喜庆, 李生秀, 高亚军. 地膜覆盖对旱地春玉米生理生态和产量的影响. 作物学报, 1998, 24: 348–353



Wang X Q, Li S X, Gao Y J. Effect of plastic film mulching on ecophysiology and yield of the spring maize on the arid land. Acta Agron Sin, 1998, 24: 348–353 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]马志民, 刘兰服, 姚海兰, 张松树. 不同覆膜方式对甘薯生长发育的影响. 西北农业学报, 2012, 21(5): 103–107



Ma Z M, Liu L F, Yao H L, Zhang S S. Effect of different film mulching methods on growth and development of sweet potato. Acta Agric Bor-occid Sin, 2012, 21: 103–107 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]王庆美. 紫甘薯产量和品质形成生理机制及对弱光、地膜覆盖响应研究. 山东农业大学, 博士论文, 2007. p 117



Wang Q M. Mechanism of Root Yield and Quality Formation of Sweet Potato and Response to Shading and Plastic Mulch. Shandong Agricultural University, PhD Dissertation 2007. p 117 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[10]李雪英, 朱海波, 刘刚, 侯丽娟, 丛晓飞. 地膜覆盖对甘薯垄内温度和产量的影响. 作物杂志, 2012, (1): 121–123



Li X Y, Zhu H B, Liu G, Hou L J, Cong X F. Effects of plastic film mulching of sweet potato on in-row temperature and yield. Crops, 2012, (1): 121–123 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]李云, 宋吉轩, 石乔龙. 覆膜对甘薯生长发育和产量的影响. 南方农业学报, 2012, 43: 1124–1128



Li Y, Song J X, Shi Q L. Effects of film mulching on growth, development, and yield of sweet potato. J South Agric, 2012, 43: 1124–1128 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]Novak B, ?uti? I, Toth N. Sweet potato yield influenced by seedlings and mulching. Agric Conspectus Sci, 2007, 72(4): 357–359



[13]Kuranouchi, Nakamura, Takada, Tamiya, Nakatani, Kumagai. Effects of mulching with polyethylene film and weather on agronomic characters of sweet potato varieties for steamed and cured slices processing. Jpn J Crop Sci, 2010, 79: 491–498



[14]赵世杰, 刘华山, 董新纯. 植物生理学实验指导. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 1998. pp 68–72



Zhao S J, Liu H S, Dong X C. Guidance of Plant Physiological Experiment. Beijing: China Agriculture Scientech Press, 1998. pp 68–72 (in Chinese)



[15]杨铁钊, 杨志晓, 聂红资. 富钾基因型烤烟的钾积累及根系生理特性. 作物学报, 2009, 35: 159–164



Yang T Z, Yang Z X, Niu H Z. Potassium accumulation and root physiological characteristics of potassium-enriched flue-cured tobacco genotypes. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35: 159–164 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[16]叶宝兴, 毕建杰, 孙印石. 植物细胞与组织研究方法. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2011. pp 49–57



Ye B X, Bi J J, SunY S. Research Methods of Plant Cells and Tissues. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2011. pp 49–57 (in Chinese)



[17]何钟佩. 农作物化学控制实验指导. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 1993. pp 60–68



He Z P. Experimental of Plant Physiology. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 1993. pp 60–68 (in Chinese)



[18]Villordon A Q, La Bonte D R, Firon N, Kfir Y, Pressman E, Schwartz A. Characterization of adventitious root development in sweet potato. Hort Sci, 2009, 44: 651–655



[19]宋海星, 李生秀. 水, 氮供应和土壤空间所引起的根系生理特性变化. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2004, 10: 6–11



Song H X, Li S X. Changes of root physiological characteristics resulting from supply of water, nitrogen and root-growing space in soil. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2004, 10: 6–11 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[20]Nakatani M. In vitro formation of tuberous roots in sweet potato. Jpn J Crop Sci, 1994, 63: 158–159



[21]Nakatani M, Matsuda T. Immunohisto chemical localization of zeatin riboside in tuberous root of sweet potato. Jpn J Crop Sci, 1992, 61: 685–686



[22]Matsuo T, Yoneda T. Identification of free cytokinins and the changes in endogenous levels during tuber development of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.). Plant Cell Physiol, 1983, 24: 1305–1312



[23]Nakatani M, Komeichi M. Changes in the endogenous level of zeatin riboside, abscisic acid and indole acetic acid during formation and thickening of tuberous roots in sweet potato. Jpn J Crop Sci, 1991, 60: 91–100



[24]王庆美, 张立明, 王振林. 甘薯内源激素变化与块根形成膨大的关系. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38: 2414–2420



Wang Q M, Zhang L M, Wang Z L. Formation and thickening of tuberous roots in relation to the endogenous hormone concentrations in sweet potato. Sci Agric Sin, 2005, 38: 2414–2420 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[25]Jimenez J I, Garner J O. Effect of growth regulators on the initiation and development of storage roots in rooted leaves of sweet potato. Phyton Argentina, 1983, 43(1): 117–124



[26]Nakatani M, Komeichi M. Changes in endogenous indole acetic acid level during development of roots in sweet potato. Jpn J Crop Sci, 1992, 61: 683–684



[27]Ravi V, Indira P. Crop physiology of sweet potato. Hor Rev, 1999, 23: 277–339



[28]Noh S A, Lee H S, Huh E J, Huh, G. H, Paek, K. H, Shin, J. S, Bae, J. M.. SRD1 is involved in the auxin-mediated initial thickening growth of storage root by enhancing proliferation of metaxylem and cambium cells in sweet potato. J Exp Bot, 2010, 61: 1337–1349



[29]Nakatani M, Tanaka M, Yoshinaga M. Physiological and anatomical characterization of a late storage root forming mutant of sweet potato. J Am Soc Horticul Sci , 2002, 127: 178–183



[30]史春余, 王振林, 郭风法, 余松烈. 甘薯块根膨大过程中ATP酶活性, ATP和ABA含量的变化. 西北植物学报, 2002, 22: 107–112



Shi C Y, Wang Z L, Guo F F, Yu S L. Changes of ATPase activity, ATP and ABA content in storage roots during storage root thickening of sweet potato. Acta Bot Bor-Occi Sin, 2002, 22: 315–320 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[31]Sasaki T, Kainuma K. Control of starch and exocellular polysaccharides biosynthesis by gibberellic acid with cells of sweet potato cultured in vitro. Plant Cell Rep, 1984, 3: 23–26



[32]Wilson L A, Lowe S B. The anatomy of the root system in West Indian sweet potato cultivars. Ann Bot, 1973, 37: 633–643



[33]BelehuT, Hammes P S, Robbertse P J. The origin and structure of adventitious roots in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Aust J Bot, 2004, 52: 551–558
[1] 胡川, 赵凯男, 黄修利, 吴金芝, 任开明, 王贺正, 付国占, 黄明, 李友军. 一次灌溉下耕作方式和氮肥用量对旱地小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846.
[2] 马胜乾, 王志平, 陈浩天, 窦淑贤, 张燕, 邓艾兴, 张卫建, 原向阳, 宋振伟. 秸秆还田下耕作方式与氮肥施用量对东北玉米产量及土壤团聚体的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816.
[3] 张思思, 赵向辉, 周洋, 姚云凤, 朱荣昱, 董元杰, 胡国庆, 徐通, 刘兆新. 冬闲期翻耕和绿肥还田对连作花生田土壤理化性质和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486.
[4] 张宁宁, 滕雨菲, 任娜娜, 魏兴卓, 闫书豪, 樊可心, 王永宏, 陈文康, 张兴华, 朱万超, 徐淑兔, 薛吉全. 201份玉米自交系抗旱表型评价及可塑性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325.
[5] 王宇诚, 张露, 刘阿康, 黄见良, 彭少兵, 袁珅. 基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1279-1290.
[6] 赵佳雪, 周龙昊, 郭岂源, 尚伦霄, 王涵, 刘志涛, 陈曦, 张晓佩, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽. 长期秸秆还田与深松通过改善土壤环境与棉花光合特性提高滨海盐碱地棉花产量[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560.
[7] 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547.
[8] 张鸿蓉, 王菲儿, 李盼, 仇海龙, 朱静, 赵连豪, 南运有, 何蔚, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 柴强, 殷文. 减量20%灌水与25%有机肥替代化肥提高青贮玉米产量的光合特性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500.
[9] 张振, 冯连杰, 石玉, 于振文, 张永丽. 节水补灌下不同穗型小麦产量形成差异研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[10] 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372.
[11] 刘昕萌, 任昊, 张继波, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 王洪章. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)缓解高温影响玉米雌穗分化的生理机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572.
[12] 王壮壮, 武紫君, 张永新, 张芯源, 袁丽雪, 陈如雪, 刘世举, 段剑钊, 冯伟, 王同朝, 王永华. 豫东南黏壤潮土区水氮优化协同提高冬小麦产量和氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521.
[13] 蔡宏玮, 于爱忠, 姜科强, 王鹏飞, 王玉珑, 霍建喆, 庞小能, 尹波, 尚永盼. 干旱灌区有机肥替代部分化肥促进甜玉米产量提升的关键机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180.
[14] 崔雪梅, 柳妍娣, 刘景辉, 米俊珍, 武俊英, 赵宝平. 不同基因型燕麦强弱势粒生理特性与产量关系研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1220-1235.
[15] 杨锐, 陈敬东, 黄郢, 张学昆, 周登文, 刘清云, 徐劲松, 谢伶俐, 许本波. 长江下游冬油菜区应对气候变化的育种和栽培策略研究[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1153-1165.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2