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作物学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1557-1563.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.01564

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

油菜素内酯对春玉米灌浆期叶片光合功能与产量的调控效应

王庆燕1,管大海1,2,潘海波1,李建民1,段留生1,张明才1,*,李召虎1   

  1. 1植物生长调节剂教育部工程研究中心 / 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院, 北京100193; 2农业部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-15 修回日期:2015-06-01 出版日期:2015-10-12 网络出版日期:2015-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 张明才, E-mail: zmc1214@163.com, Tel: 010-62733049
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B15)资助。

Effect of Brassinolide on Leaf Photosynthetic Function and Yield in Spring Maize Filling Stage

WANG Qing-Yan1, GUAN Da-Hai1,2,PAN Hai-Bo1,LI Jian-Min1,DUAN Liu-Sheng1,ZHANG Ming-Cai1,*,LI Zhao-Hu1   

  1. 1 Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education / College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2 Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China
  • Received:2015-02-15 Revised:2015-06-01 Published:2015-10-12 Published online:2015-06-05
  • Contact: 张明才, E-mail: zmc1214@163.com, Tel: 010-62733049

摘要:

以玉米品种“郑单”为材料,在大田条件下,采用植物生长调节物质油菜素内酯对苞叶和穗位叶喷施处理,研究了对玉米穗位叶功能、籽粒灌浆及产量的调控作用。结果表明,灌浆期随生育进程,玉米穗位叶叶绿素含量、光合速率、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶以及蔗糖磷酸合酶和蔗糖合酶的活性均显著下降。同时,籽粒蔗糖含量显著降低,但淀粉含量和粒重均显著增加。与对照相比,处理显著增加玉米穗位叶叶绿素含量,提高光合速率,增强、蔗糖磷酸合酶和蔗糖合酶的活性。处理显著增加籽粒蔗糖和淀粉积累,提高玉米籽粒干物质积累。在产量构成上,显著缩短秃尖长度,增加穗粒数和千粒重,显著提高产量。本研究说明,灌浆期喷施可提高玉米叶源的活性,延长叶片光合功能持续期,促进籽粒灌浆和物质积累,从而实现增产。

关键词: 油菜素内酯, 玉米, 灌浆, 光合功能, 产量

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plant growth regulator brassinolide (BR) on the regulation of physiological activities of ear leaf, the grain filling and yield in spring maize (Zea mays L., cv. Zhengdan 958). Husks and ear leaves were treated with BR at 15 days after anthesis by foliar spraying. The results showed that the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and activities of PEP carboxylaes, RuBP carboxylase, sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase in ear leaf as well as source content in kernel were significantly reduced, while starch accumulation and dry weight of kernel were increased during grain filling. BR significantly increased the content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate, enhanced the activities of PEP carboxylaes and RuBP carboxylase, definitely resulting in enhanced CO2 assimilation. BR markedly increased the activities of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase in ear leaf. And in kernel, the accumulation of sucrose and starch as well as the grain filling rate were accelerated by BR. BR treatment significantly reduced the length of ear barren tip, and increased the number of kernels per ear, which led to higher yield. These results suggest that BR treatment at filling stage may be a good strategy to get a high yield in maize, by enhancing activity of resource, delaying sencence and stimulating the ?ow of assimilate from the source to the sink.

Key words: Brassinolide, Maize, Grain filling, Photosynthetic function, Yield

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