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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 701-713.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.02037

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

再生稻次适宜区迟播栽对不同杂交籼稻淀粉RVA谱的影响

杨帆1(), 钟晓媛1, 李秋萍1, 李书先1, 李武2, 周涛1, 李博1, 袁玉洁1, 邓飞1, 陈勇1, 任万军1,*()   

  1. 1四川农业大学 / 农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 四川温江 611130
    2隆昌市农业农村局, 四川隆昌 642150
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-24 接受日期:2020-10-14 出版日期:2021-04-12 网络出版日期:2020-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 任万军
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 1276002485@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家粮食丰产增效科技创新专项课题(2017YFD03017-02);国家粮食丰产增效科技创新专项课题(2018YFD030141-04);国家自然科学基金项目(31901442)

Effects of delayed sowing and planting date on starch RVA profiles of different indica hybrid rice in the sub-suitable region of ratoon rice

YANG Fan1(), ZHONG Xiao-Yuan1, LI Qiu-Ping1, LI Shu-Xian1, LI Wu2, ZHOU Tao1, LI Bo1, YUAN Yu-Jie1, DENG Fei1, CHEN Yong1, REN Wan-Jun1,*()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Cultivation in Southwest China, Wenjiang 611130, Sichuan, China
    2Longchang Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Longchang 642150, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2020-05-24 Accepted:2020-10-14 Published:2021-04-12 Published online:2020-10-28
  • Contact: REN Wan-Jun
  • Supported by:
    State Key Research and Development Program “Food Production Enhancement and Efficiency Innovation” Key Special Project(2017YFD03017-02);State Key Research and Development Program “Food Production Enhancement and Efficiency Innovation” Key Special Project(2018YFD030141-04);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901442)

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摘要：

为探讨再生稻次适宜区播栽期对杂交籼稻淀粉RVA谱的影响, 以2个杂交籼稻品种, 川优6203和宜香优2115为材料, 在四川的隆昌和犍为2个生态点, 研究不同生态条件下推迟播栽期对籼稻淀粉RVA谱特征值的影响。结果表明, 播栽期的主效应对籼稻淀粉RVA谱特征值存在明显的影响。在再生稻次适宜区, 推迟播栽期会导致水稻灌浆期温度降低, 日照时长缩短, 降雨量减少, 从而降低了籼稻淀粉RVA谱的峰值黏度、热浆黏度、冷胶黏度和崩解值, 提高了消减值以及峰值时间; 与再生稻相比, 迟播栽期处理具有较大的峰值黏度、崩解值以及较小的冷胶黏度、消减值、回复值、峰值时间和糊化温度。播栽期对籼稻淀粉RVA谱特征值的影响在不同生态点具有差异, 与隆昌生态点相比, 犍为生态点处理间的峰值黏度、消减值和崩解值差异更为显著。播栽期对不同品种淀粉RVA谱的影响程度不同, 宜香优2115的峰值黏度和崩解值比川优6203更容易受到播栽期的影响。从淀粉RVA谱的变化趋势来看, 迟播栽期处理的籼稻淀粉RVA谱表现与再生稻更为接近, 蒸煮食味品质更高。

关键词: 水稻, 生态条件, 播栽期, 淀粉RVA谱, 气象因子

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of sowing and planting date on the RVA profiles characteristics of indica hybrid rice, a two-factor split plot design with two indica hybrid rice varieties (Chuanyou 6203 and Yixiangyou 2115) and two sowing and planting date was conducted in Longchang and Qianwei in Sichuan province. The results showed that ecological condition, sowing and planting date, variety, and the interaction between sowing and planting date with ecological condition and variety had marked impact on the starch RVA profiles characteristic values of indica rice. In the sub-suitable region of ratoon rice, delayed sowing and planting date decreased the temperature, sunshine hours, and rainfall during grain filling period of rice, which resulted in the reduction in peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity, cool viscosity and breakdown viscosity, but increased in setback viscosity and peak time. Compared to ratoon rice, late sowing and planting date treatment increased peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity, and decreased cool viscosity, setback viscosity, consistence viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature. The effect of sowing and planting date on the RVA spectrum of starch was different with ecological condition. Sowing and planting date leaded to greater variation in peak viscosity, setback viscosity, and breakdown viscosity in Qianwei compared with that of Longchang. Compared with Chuanyou 6203, sowing and planting date had greater influence on the peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity of Yixiangyou 2115. Overall, the starch RVA profiles characteristics of delayed sowing and planting date treatment was closer to the ratoon rice, which resulted in better cooking and eating quality of rice.

Key words: rice, ecological condition, sowing and planting date, starch RVA profiles, meteorological factors

表1

试验点概况"

生态点
Location		 经度
Longitude (E)		 纬度
Latitude (N)		 海拔高度
Altitude (m)		 地理分区
Geographical regions
隆昌
Longchang		 105°02′ 29°11′ 328 川东南丘陵区
Southeast hilly region of Sichuan
犍为
Qianwei		 104°03′ 29°38′ 456 川西南丘陵区
Southwest hilly region of Sichuan

表2

各试验处理下水稻关键物候期(月/日)"

生态点
Location		 处理
Treatment		 品种
Variety		 播种期
Sowing
date		 移栽期
Transplanting date		 拔节期Jointing
stage		 齐穗期
Full heading
stage		 成熟期
Mature
stage		 再生稻成熟期
Mature of
ratoon rice
2018
隆昌
Longchang		 S1 V1 3/4 4/3 6/1 7/4 8/5 10/5
V2 3/4 4/3 6/1 7/5 8/6 10/6
S2 V1 5/13 6/12 7/20 8/16 9/28 —
V2 5/13 6/12 7/21 8/18 9/30 —
犍为
Qianwei		 S1 V1 3/10 4/9 6/2 7/12 8/12 10/15
V2 3/10 4/9 6/3 7/13 8/13 10/16
S2 V1 5/10 6/9 7/15 8/15 9/25 —
V2 5/10 6/9 7/17 8/17 9/27 —
2019
隆昌
Longchang		 S1 V1 3/4 4/3 5/28 7/7 8/9 10/12
V2 3/4 4/3 5/31 7/10 8/11 10/14
S2 V1 5/19 6/18 7/16 8/16 10/4 —
V2 5/19 6/18 7/18 8/20 10/6 —
犍为
Qianwei		 S1 V1 3/10 4/9 6/2 7/11 8/12 10/16
V2 3/10 4/9 6/4 7/13 8/15 10/19
S2 V1 5/25 6/24 7/23 8/18 10/10 —
V2 5/25 6/24 7/25 8/22 10/13 —

表3

试验点土壤理化性质"

生态点
Location		 年份
Year		 pH 有机质
Organic matter
(g kg-1)		 全氮
Total N content
(g kg-1)		 全磷
Total P content
(g kg-1)		 全钾
Total K content
(g kg-1)		 碱解氮
Available N
(mg kg-1)		 速效磷
Available P
(mg kg-1)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg kg-1)
隆昌
Longchang		 2018 6.92 19.72 1.37 0.93 10.89 149.36 88.68 85.59
2019 6.63 19.16 1.15 0.89 16.93 103.49 83.15 94.33
犍为
Qianwei		 2018 6.79 16.44 1.19 0.79 11.45 97.10 84.22 99.67
2019 6.52 14.26 1.09 0.77 10.58 93.27 97.49 83.06

图1

隆昌生态点2018-2019年水稻季气象数据"

图2

犍为生态点2018-2019年水稻季气象数据"

表4

稻米淀粉RVA谱联合方差分析(F值)"

年份
Year		 因素
Factor		 峰值黏度
PKV (RVU)		 热浆黏度
HTV (RVU)		 冷胶黏度
CPV (RVU)		 消减值
SBV (RVU)		 崩解值
BDV (RVU)		 回复值
CSV (RVU)		 峰值时间
PeT (min)		 糊化温度
PaT (°C)
2018 L 6.86* 12.44** 2.50 2.09 0.01 6.41* 4.12 0.28
S 92.39** 19.07** 12.46** 242.43** 178.65** 61.63** 10.44** 10.49**
V 46.28** 10.68** 2.64 57.33** 60.63** 3.71 2.56 2.88
S×L 2.39 5.37* 6.50** 2.85 0.51 9.24** 0.52 0.21
S×V 15.56** 3.62* 2.26 12.97** 20.31** 0.86 1.35 0.09
V×L 1.00 0.21 0.42 0.23 1.39 0.72 0.67 0.29
S×V×L 0.57 0.20 0.49 0.05 0.60 1.02 1.68 1.72
2019 L 43.66** 14.65** 10.31** 5.51* 23.11** 1.29 4.33* 14.84**
S 37.72** 1.83 1.37 57.91** 62.90** 20.27** 3.90* 17.11**
V 19.94** 0.38 3.58 48.52** 38.54** 27.46** 6.14* 47.48**
S×L 9.79** 0.08 0.33 14.67** 22.43** 2.90 1.16 14.28**
S×V 7.74** 2.13 1.00 2.79 5.59** 0.22 0.67 11.34**
V×L 0.18 1.11 0.00 0.17 0.79 2.72 0.55 0.01
S×V×L 2.22 0.53 0.75 0.28 2.40 2.13 0.18 5.35*

表5

播栽期对淀粉RVA谱的影响"

年份
Year		 播栽期
SAPD		 峰值黏度
PKV
(RVU)		 热浆黏度
HTV
(RVU)		 冷胶黏度
CPV
(RVU)		 消减值
SBV
(RVU)		 崩解值
BDV
(RVU)		 回复值
CSV
(RVU)		 峰值时间
PeT
(min)		 糊化温度
PaT
(°C)
2018 S1 264.83 a 138.66 a 220.70 a -42.13 c 126.18 a 80.04 b 5.94 b 78.95 b
S2 217.14 b 110.90 b 197.58 b -19.56 b 106.24 b 86.67 b 5.93 b 82.26 b
RR 180.95 c 118.76 b 227.43 a 46.48 a 62.19 c 108.68 a 6.07 a 87.23 a
平均Mean 220.97 A 122.77 A 215.90 B -5.07 A 98.20 A 93.13 B 5.98 B 82.81 A
2019 S1 250.94 a 136.67 a 233.90 a -17.04 c 114.27 a 97.23 b 6.06 b 75.35 b
S2 226.59 b 128.93 a 235.70 a 9.11 b 97.66 b 106.77 b 6.19 a 78.22 ab
RR 200.15 c 126.73 a 245.76 a 45.61 a 73.42 c 119.03 a 6.19 a 82.83 a
平均Mean 225.89 A 130.78 A 238.45 A 12.56 A 95.12 A 107.68 A 6.14 A 78.80 B

表6

生态点与播栽期对淀粉RVA谱的交互作用"

生态点Location 播栽期
SAPD		 峰值黏度
PKV
(RVU)		 热浆黏度
HTV
(RVU)		 冷胶黏度
CPV
(RVU)		 消减值
SBV
(RVU)		 崩解值
BDV
(RVU)		 回复值
CSV
(RVU)		 峰值时间
PeT
(min)		 糊化温度
PaT
(°C)
2018
隆昌
Longchang		 S1 275.26 a 151.14 a 231.59 a -43.68 b 124.13 a 80.45 b 5.97 b 79.21 b
S2 215.94 b 108.99 b 188.53 b -27.42 b 106.96 a 79.54 b 5.94 b 81.69 ab
RR 191.57 b 128.21 b 240.58 a 48.48 a 63.36 b 111.84 a 6.12 a 86.35 a
平均Mean 227.95 A 129.45 A 220.06 A -7.54 A 98.15 A 90.61 A 6.01 A 82.42 A
犍为
Qianwei		 S1 254.40 a 126.18 a 213.82 a -40.58 c 128.22 a 87.64 b 5.92 b 78.68 b
S2 218.33 b 112.82 b 206.63 a -11.71 b 105.51 b 93.81 b 5.91 b 82.83 ab
RR 170.33 c 109.31 b 214.81 a 44.47 a 61.03 c 105.50 a 6.02 a 88.11 a
平均Mean 214.36 A 116.10 B 211.75 A -2.61 A 98.25 A 95.65 A 5.95 A 83.21 A
2019
隆昌
Longchang		 S1 253.58 a 144.04 a 247.63 a -5.96 b 109.54 a 103.59 b 6.12 a 76.28 a
S2 242.60 a 138.42 a 244.26 a 1.65 ab 104.19 a 105.84 ab 6.26 a 77.03 a
RR 228.67 a 135.47 a 253.85 a 25.18 a 93.20a 118.38 a 6.19 a 77.02 a
平均Mean 241.62 A 139.31 A 248.58 A 6.96 A 102.31 A 109.27 A 6.19 A 76.77 A
犍为
Qianwei		 S1 248.29 a 129.29 a 220.17 a -28.12 c 119.00 a 90.88 b 5.99 b 74.43 b
S2 210.58 b 119.45 a 227.15 a 16.57 b 91.14 b 107.71 a 6.11 ab 79.41 b
RR 171.63 c 117.98 a 237.67 a 66.03 a 53.65 c 119.69 a 6.19 a 88.64 a
平均Mean 210.17 B 122.24 B 228.33 B 18.16 A 87.93 A 106.09 A 6.10 A 80.83 A

表7

品种和播栽期的互作对淀粉RVA谱的影响"

品种
Variety		 播栽期
SAPD		 峰值黏度PKV
(RVU)		 热浆黏度HTV
(RVU)		 冷胶黏度CPV
(RVU)		 消减值
SBV
(RVU)		 崩解值
BDV
(RVU)		 回复值
CSV
(RVU)		 峰值时间PeT
(min)		 糊化温度
PaT
(°C)
2018
川优6203
Chuanyou
6203		 S1 232.1 a 126.7 a 213.4 ab -18.7 c 105.4 a 86.6 b 6.0 ab 80.5 b
S2 196.9 b 103.8 b 190.6 b -6.3 b 93.1 b 86.8 b 5.9 b 83.1 b
RR 182.4 b 119.2 ab 230.9 a 48.6 a 63.1 c 111.7 a 6.1 a 88.6 a
平均Mean 203.8 B 116.6 A 211.6 A 7.9 A 87.2 B 95.1 A 6.0 A 84.1 A
宜香优2115
Yixiangyou
2115		 S1 297.6 a 150.6 a 232.1 a -65.5 c 147.0 a 81.4 b 5.9 b 77.4 b
S2 237.4 b 118.0 b 204.6 b -32.8 b 119.4 b 86.6 b 5.9 b 81.4 ab
RR 179.6 c 118.3 b 223.9 ab 44.4 a 61.3 c 105.6 a 6.1 a 85.9 a
平均Mean 238.2 A 129.0 A 220.2 A -18.0 A 109.2 A 91.2 A 6.0 A 81.6 A
2019
川优6203
Chuanyou
603		 S1 227.2 a 129.3 a 234.7 a 7.5 b 97.9 a 105.4 b 6.1 a 76.0 b
S2 220.4 a 128.4 a 241.2 a 20.8 b 92.1 a 112.8 b 6.2 a 85.0 a
RR 198.1 a 130.5 a 257.4 a 59.3 a 67.5 b 126.9 a 6.3 a 86.3 a
平均Mean 215.2 A 129.4 A 244.4 A 29.2 A 85.8 B 115.0 A 6.2 A 82.4 A
宜香优2115
Yixiangyou
2115		 S1 274.7 a 144.1 a 233.1 a -41.6 c 130.6 a 89.1 b 6.0 b 74.7 ab
S2 232.8 b 129.5 ab 230.2 a -2.5 b 103.3 b 100.7 ab 6.1 ab 71.4 b
RR 202.2 c 122.9 b 234.1 a 31.9 a 79.3 c 111.2 a 6.2 a 79.4 a
平均Mean 236.6 A 132.2 A 232.5 A -4.1 B 104.4 A 100.3 B 6.1 B 75.2 B

表8

气象因子与RVA特征值相关性"

生育时期
Growth
stage		 气象因子
Meteorological
factor		 峰值黏度
PKV
(RVU)		 热浆黏度
HTV
(RVU)		 冷胶黏度
CPV
(RVU)		 消减值
SBV
(RVU)		 崩解值
BDV
(RVU)		 回复值
CSV
(RVU)		 峰值时间
PeT
(min)		 糊化温度
PaT
(°C)
抽穗期至
灌浆盛期
Heading-peak filling stage		 X1 0.507** 0.100 -0.265* -0.659** 0.642** -0.528** -0.255* -0.308**
X2 0.503** 0.102 -0.337** -0.699** 0.636** -0.643** -0.376** -0.260*
X3 0.388** 0.072 -0.099 -0.441** 0.459** -0.236* -0.020 -0.302*
X4 0.503** 0.099 -0.301* -0.676** 0.638** -0.582** -0.309** -0.278*
X5 0.504** 0.100 -0.299* -0.677** 0.638** -0.582** -0.309** -0.278*
X6 0.222 0.127 -0.340** -0.425** 0.390** -0.385** -0.263* -0.026
X7 0.399** 0.234* -0.125 -0.467** 0.406** -0.463** -0.352** -0.256*
灌浆盛期至
成熟期
Peak silling stage-maturity
 X1 0.744** 0.413** -0.077 -0.776** 0.762** -0.594** -0.326** -0.491**
X2 0.717** 0.371** -0.106 -0.788** 0.370** -0.620** -0.358** -0.469**
X3 0.701** 0.431** 0.005 -0.683** 0.701** -0.486** -0.223** -0.485**
X4 0.738** 0.397** -0.124 -0.778** 0.775** -0.619** -0.367** -0.459**
X5 0.336** 0.154 -0.022 -0.342** 0.727** -0.211 0.094 -0.285**
X6 0.702** 0.394** -0.098 -0.747** 0.510** -0.603** -0.243* -0.415**
X7 0.515** 0.324** -0.002 -0.505** 0.594** -0.375** -0.164 -0.351**
全生育期
Whole growth period		 X1 0.127 -0.191 -0.342** -0.334** 0.299* -0.315** -0.214 -0.099
X2 -0.244* -0.343** -0.270* 0.074 -0.120 -0.028 -0.040 0.187
X3 0.629** 0.225 -0.165 -0.717** 0.732** -0.516** -0.316** -0.484**
X4 -0.062 -0.278* -0.330** -0.142 0.092 -0.197 -0.149 0.061
X5 0.612** 0.159 -0.284* -0.773** 0.751** -0.625** -0.335** -0.456**
X6 0.583** 0.112 -0.405** -0.819** 0.740** -0.761** -0.534** -0.296*
X7 0.583** 0.087 -0.329** -0.728** 0.694** -0.614** -0.363** -0.426**
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