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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 747-758.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11019

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄淮麦区Fhb1基因的育种应用

马红勃(), 刘东涛*(), 冯国华, 王静, 朱雪成, 张会云, 刘静, 刘立伟, 易媛   

  1. 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所, 江苏徐州 221131
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-01 接受日期:2021-07-21 出版日期:2022-03-12 网络出版日期:2021-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘东涛
  • 作者简介:E-mail: mahongbo863@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    徐州市重点研发(现代农业)计划项目(KC20036);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2018340-2);财政部和农业农村部: 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03)

Application of Fhb1 gene in wheat breeding programs for the Yellow-Huai Rivers valley winter wheat zone of China

MA Hong-Bo(), LIU Dong-Tao*(), FENG Guo-Hua, WANG Jing, ZHU Xue-Cheng, ZHANG Hui-Yun, LIU Jing, LIU Li-Wei, YI Yuan   

  1. Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai Area, Xuzhou 221131, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2021-03-01 Accepted:2021-07-21 Published:2022-03-12 Published online:2021-08-10
  • Contact: LIU Dong-Tao
  • Supported by:
    Key Research and Development Program (Modern Agriculture) of Xuzhou(KC20036);Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2018340-2);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-03)

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摘要：

小麦赤霉病是由禾谷镰孢菌引起的一种世界性重要病害, 严重威胁小麦生产安全。黄淮麦区作为我国小麦主产区, 赤霉病危害日趋严重, 因缺乏半冬性抗源, 抗赤霉病育种进展缓慢。Fhb1基因是迄今发现的效应最大、抗性最稳定, 也是被广泛应用于全球小麦赤霉病抗性育种的主效基因, 但Fhb1基因在黄淮麦区尚未被广泛应用。本研究以感病品种矮抗58为轮回亲本, H35为Fhb1基因供体亲本, 通过有限回交和分子标记辅助选择, 同时利用双单倍体育种和传统系谱选育两种方法, 培育出了一批综合性状较好、具有Fhb1基因的优良新品系, 其中徐麦DH9和徐麦17252经多年鉴定均达到中抗水平。在以徐麦36和徐麦2023为杂交父本的后代品系中, 含Fhb1基因的家系赤霉病平均抗性明显优于感病对照。Fhb1基因的导入显著提高了赤霉病抗性, 但部分家系对赤霉病仍旧表现出高感水平, 说明赤霉病抗性还受到Fhb1基因以外其他遗传因素的显著影响。本研究为Fhb1基因在黄淮麦区抗赤霉病小麦育种中的应用提供了成功的经验。

关键词: 小麦, Fhb1基因, 分子标记辅助选择, 育种

Abstract:

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is an important disease that seriously threatens the safety of wheat production. Breeding progress of resistant cultivars has been limited due to absence of the resistant sources with facultative growth habit and poor screening environment in the Huang-Huai region, the main wheat producing area of China. Fhb1, as the most effective and stable gene, is the only gene widely used in the global breeding programs for improving FHB resistance of wheat. However, utilization of Fhb1 in the Yellow-Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Zone is limited so far. In this study, several excellent advanced lines with Fhb1 were developed by limited backcrossing and molecular marker-assisted selection in the BC2F1 progenies of the susceptible variety Aikang 58 (the recurrent parent) and H35 (the donor parent of Fhb1 gene). Then, the individuals were used to cross with Xumai 36 and Xumai 2023 (with high yield but susceptible to FHB), and a series of elite lines with Fhb1 were developed using the doubled haploid and the traditional pedigree selection methods. Xumai DH9 and Xumai 17252 were moderate resistance to FHB in different screening environments for several years. The average resistance level of the lines with Fhb1 gene was significantly higher than that of the susceptible control. The introduction of Fhb1 significantly improved the resistance to FHB, but some lines were still highly susceptible, indicating that the resistance to FHB was affected by other genetic factors. This study provides an example for the use of Fhb1 gene in improving FHB resistance in the Yellow-Huai River Valleys Winter Wheat Zone of China.

Key words: Triticum aestivum, Fhb1 gene, molecular marker-assisted selection, breeding

图1

系谱选择法和加倍单倍育种法选育抗赤霉病小麦新品系的过程"

表1

本研究所用引物信息"

标记
Marker		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)		 扩增产物大小
Size of target fragment		 参考文献
Reference
Gwm493 F: TTCCCATAACTAAAACCGCG
R: GGAACATCATTTCTGGACTTTG		 Fhb1 180 bp
nonFhb1 140 bp		 [7]
JAAS01 F: GTTCCACGTCTTCTTACATAATCCC
R: TGAAGTTCATGCCACGCATA		 Fhb1 236 bp
nonFhb1 -		 专利号:
Patent No. ZL201310013279.2
TaHRC-GSM GSM-F: ATTCCTACTAGCCGCCTGGT
GSM-R: ACTGGGGCAAGCAAACATTG		 Fhb1 1300 bp
nonFhb1 2000 bp		 [25]

图2

标记Gwm493对部分BC1F1单株的检测结果 M: marker; 泳道1和2分别为H35和矮抗58; 泳道4、7、9、10、12、14、15、18为不含Fhb1基因单株; 泳道3、5、6、8、11、13、16、17、19、20为含Fhb1位点杂合单株。"

图3

标记JAAS01对部分F1单株的检测结果 M: marker; 泳道1、2、3、4、6、9、11为含Fhb1基因单株; 泳道5、7、8、10、12~17为无Fhb1基因单株。"

图4

共显性诊断标记TaHRC-GSM在部分F2群体中扩增结果 M: marker; 泳道1、6~10、14、15为Fhb1基因纯合单株; 泳道4、12、13、16为无Fhb1基因单株; 泳道2、3、5、11为杂合型单株。"

表2

2019-2020年度赤霉病抗性鉴定结果汇总"

品系/组合
Line/Cross		 家系数量
Number of lines		 土表接种(徐州)
Soil surface inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 单花滴注(徐州)
Single flower drip inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 自然发病(建阳)
Screening under natural condition (in Jianyang)
病情指数
Disease index		 范围
Range		 病小穗率
Diseased spikelet rate (%)		 范围
Range		 病情指数
Disease index		 范围
Range
H35/矮抗58*3//徐麦36
H35/Aikang58*3//Xumai 36		 83 52.58±11.47 c 25.00-81.25 22.90±3.91 c 12.00-58.12 65.80±6.00 bc 51.92-79.17
徐麦36 Xumai 36 2 66.59±4.27 b 64.49-70.67 51.86±10.24 ab 44.62-59.10 67.73±3.85 b 65.00-70.25
H35/矮抗58*3//徐麦2023
H35/Aikang 58*3//Xumai 2023		 83 43.31±12.83 cd 26.67-78.33 16.46±3.77 cde 7.77-63.71 66.18±5.59 b 52.08-80.77
徐麦2023 Xumai 2023 2 64.59±4.12 b 61.67-67.50 45.10±6.73 b 40.34-49.86 71.67±1.18 ab 70.83-72.50
徐农029 Xunong 029 24 39.32±6.54 de 26.25-50.00 21.43±6.03 c 12.66-42.06 60.24±5.52 c 47.73-72.73
淮麦20 Huaimai 20 2 55.35±3.68 cd 51.46-57.24 28.72±2.33 c 26.56-30.88 — —
矮抗58 Aikang 58 2 79.17±29.47 a 58.33-100.00 49.22±8.53 b 43.18-55.25 79.17±11.79 a 70.83-87.50
徐麦35 Xumai 35 24 68.40±13.40 b 47.73-95.00 55.45±16.53 a 27.47-83.44 69.27±5.44 b 57.69-82.14

图5

H35/矮抗58*3//徐麦36组合后代家系23 (b)及对照徐麦35 (a)、徐农029 (c)赤霉病单花滴注(徐州)结果"

表3

2019-2020年度Fhb1基因纯合型高代家系的赤霉病抗性鉴定结果"

家系号
No. of family		 H35/矮抗58*3//徐麦36 H35/Aikang58*3//Xumai36 H35/矮抗58*3//徐麦2023 H35/Aikang58*3//Xumai2023
土表接种(徐州)
Soil surface inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 单花滴注(徐州)
Single flower drip
Inoculation (in Xuzhou)		 自然发病(建阳)
Screening under natural condition (in Jianyang)		 家系号
No. of family		 土表接种(徐州)
Soil surface inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 单花滴注(徐州)
Single flower drip inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 自然发病(建阳)
Screening under natural condition (in Jianyang)
病情指数Disease index 抗性评价Evaluation
of resistance		 病小穗率Diseased
spikelet rate (%)		 抗性评价Evaluation of resistance 病情指数Disease index 抗性评价Evaluation of resistance 病情指数
Disease index		 抗性评价Evaluation of resistance 病小穗率
Diseased
spikelet rate (%)		 抗性评价Evaluation of resistance 病情指数
Disease index		 抗性评价Evaluation of resistance
1 25.00 MR 18.20 MR 51.92 MS 1 27.50 MR 11.64 MR 52.08 MS
2 50.00 MS 19.01 MR 68.18 S 2 29.17 MR 11.85 MR 77.08 S
3 57.50 S 24.40 MS 72.73 S 3 44.17 MS 14.18 MR 56.82 MS
4 43.33 MS 20.03 MR 62.50 MS 4 33.75 MR 16.44 MR 60.00 MS
5 40.00 MS 17.04 MR 62.50 MS 5 42.50 MS 11.43 MR 66.67 S
6 38.33 MR 32.62 S 69.23 S 6 40.00 MS 19.02 MR 67.50 S
7 47.50 MS 22.91 MS 67.50 S 7 50.83 MS 13.39 MR 62.50 MS
8 54.17 MS 21.87 MR 59.09 MS 8 45.00 MS 12.96 MR 80.77 S
9 49.17 MS 18.39 MR 60.00 MS 9 40.83 MS 24.23 MS 73.21 S
10 53.33 MS 17.61 MR 67.50 S 10 29.17 MR 9.72 MR 64.29 MS
11 56.67 S 17.13 MR 70.00 S 11 40.00 MS 12.49 MR 64.58 MS
12 53.33 MS 20.06 MR 60.00 MS 12 35.83 MR 10.71 MR 70.83 S
13 53.33 MS 23.68 MS 65.00 MS 13 38.33 MR 12.57 MR 62.50 MS
14 54.17 MS 17.84 MR 62.50 MS 14 35.83 MR 12.99 MR 61.54 MS
15 50.83 MS 19.99 MR 67.50 S 15 30.83 MR 11.43 MR 62.50 MS
16 58.33 S 22.15 MS 65.00 MS 16 31.67 MR 12.30 MR 65.38 S
17 60.83 S 22.80 MS 65.00 MS 17 29.17 MR 8.18 MR 62.50 MS
18 60.00 S 16.24 MR 60.00 MS 18 33.33 MR 10.10 MR 52.08 MS
19 56.67 S 21.31 MR 60.00 MS 19 36.67 MR 10.80 MR 62.50 MS
20 60.00 S 23.07 MS 57.50 MS 20 58.33 S 12.34 MR 57.50 MS
21 59.17 S 19.92 MR 57.50 MS 21 49.17 MS 14.00 MR 62.50 MS
22 49.17 MS 21.27 MR 62.50 MS 22 51.67 MS 21.11 MR 65.00 MS
23 38.33 MR 16.46 MR 60.00 MS 23 42.50 MS 15.74 MR 65.00 MS
24 61.67 S 35.43 S 75.00 S 24 40.83 MS 17.04 MR 63.64 MS
25 56.67 S 18.77 MR 75.00 S 25 37.50 MR 10.35 MR 66.67 S
26 55.00 MS 17.19 MR 68.18 S 26 33.33 MR 12.77 MR 68.75 S
27 45.00 MS 17.26 MR 65.91 S 27 30.83 MR 16.01 MR 70.83 S
28 46.67 MS 19.90 MR 56.82 MS 28 34.17 MR 14.31 MR 67.50 S
29 75.83 S 28.62 MS 70.83 S 29 34.17 MR 16.48 MR 65.91 S
30 81.25 S 32.19 S 68.75 S 30 30.83 MR 16.93 MR 66.67 S
31 75.00 S 39.30 S 65.38 S 31 47.50 MS 40.81 S 70.83 S
32 57.76 S 22.27 MS 66.67 S 32 47.50 MS 18.55 MR 66.67 S
33 49.14 MS 24.87 MS 67.50 S 33 60.00 S 18.31 MR 75.00 S
34 57.76 S 27.04 MS 73.08 S 34 45.83 MS 13.65 MR 66.67 S
35 75.83 S 24.61 MS 67.50 S 35 49.17 MS 12.37 MR 70.00 S
36 44.17 MS 18.40 MR 57.50 MS 36 54.17 MS 15.79 MR 68.18 S
37 35.00 MR 21.04 MR 57.50 MS 37 78.33 S 25.67 MS 67.50 S
38 37.50 MR 21.30 MR 55.00 MS 38 78.33 S 25.41 MS 70.00 S
39 44.17 MS 22.84 MS 56.82 MS 39 71.67 S 18.10 MR 70.83 S
40 40.00 MS 17.61 MR 72.73 S 40 47.50 MS 16.70 MR 75.00 S
41 35.83 MR 19.64 MR 66.67 S 41 60.83 S 16.66 MR 65.91 S
42 40.83 MS 15.19 MR 65.91 S 42 50.83 MS 15.77 MR 60.00 MS
43 44.17 MS 26.64 MS 68.75 S 43 65.83 S 15.39 MR 62.50 MS
44 45.00 MS 20.29 MR 79.17 S 44 60.83 S 25.12 MS 70.00 S
45 43.33 MS 19.71 MR 65.91 S 45 45.00 MS 15.68 MR 69.23 S
46 55.00 MS 15.37 MR 72.50 S 46 46.67 MS 16.57 MR 67.50 S
47 37.50 MR 13.78 MR 72.50 S 47 46.67 MS 17.89 MR 67.50 S
48 61.67 S 49.82 S 68.18 S 48 55.83 S 24.25 MS 67.50 S
49 48.33 MS 27.89 MS 66.67 S 49 61.67 S 25.24 MS 75.00 S
50 56.67 S 24.07 MS 67.50 S 50 27.50 MR 15.42 MR 61.36 MS
51 50.00 MS 22.22 MS 70.45 S 51 28.33 MR 14.49 MR 55.00 MS
52 37.93 MR 21.07 MR 55.00 MS 52 38.33 MR 15.82 MR 52.50 MS
53 53.33 MS 19.21 MR 55.00 MS 53 42.50 MS 28.78 S 55.00 MS
54 59.17 S 15.34 MR 57.50 MS 54 36.67 MR 10.30 MR 55.00 MS
55 55.83 S 23.10 MS 66.67 S 55 26.67 MR 12.11 MR 67.50 S
56 60.83 S 27.13 MS 65.91 S 56 28.33 MR 16.82 MR 70.00 S
57 64.17 S 20.17 MR 61.36 MS 57 38.33 MR 15.99 MR 67.50 S
58 63.33 S 25.74 MS 62.50 MS 58 28.33 MR 14.85 MR 68.18 S
59 61.67 S 17.84 MR 67.50 S 59 34.17 MR 19.04 MR 67.31 S
60 65.83 S 19.71 MR 67.50 S 60 31.67 MR 12.68 MR 69.23 S
61 63.33 S 21.87 MR 70.00 S 61 36.67 MR 15.06 MR 72.73 S
62 57.50 S 18.09 MR 70.00 S 62 34.17 MR 12.71 MR 66.67 S
63 54.17 MS 26.81 MS 62.50 MS 63 38.33 MR 14.84 MR 72.73 S
64 44.17 MS 22.17 MS 62.50 MS 64 55.00 MS 27.16 MS 67.50 S
65 55.83 S 18.44 MR 62.50 MS 65 33.33 MR 12.55 MR 68.18 S
66 50.83 MS 19.39 MR 68.75 S 66 35.00 MR 14.09 MR 67.50 S
67 56.67 S 18.71 MR 67.50 S 67 30.83 MR 12.85 MR 75.00 S
68 60.00 S 12.00 MR 67.50 S 68 35.00 MR 15.74 MR 75.00 S
69 45.83 MS 27.03 MS 67.50 S 69 37.50 MR 15.33 MR 67.50 S
70 54.17 MS 26.49 MS 68.18 S 70 44.17 MS 10.24 MR 75.00 S
71 54.17 MS 19.89 MR 65.91 S 71 52.50 MS 10.46 MR 75.00 S
72 50.83 MS 25.96 MS 68.18 S 72 50.83 MS 20.69 MR 70.00 S
73 48.33 MS 22.83 MS 65.91 S 73 48.33 MS 15.27 MR 67.50 S
74 50.00 MS 23.87 MS 70.45 S 74 45.00 MS 12.10 MR 57.50 MS
75 54.17 MS 20.63 MR 68.75 S 75 43.33 MS 11.62 MR 63.64 MS
76 59.17 S 14.55 MR 65.00 MS 76 45.83 MS 8.78 MR 55.00 MS
77 43.33 MS 19.86 MR 65.00 MS 77 54.17 MS 21.53 MR 62.50 MS
78 66.67 S 54.49 S 70.83 S 78 54.17 MS 22.14 MS 72.50 S
79 45.00 MS 30.83 S 67.31 S 79 71.67 S 23.73 MS 70.00 S
80 78.33 S 58.12 S 69.23 S 80 51.67 MS 19.91 MR 65.00 MS
81 33.33 MR 26.40 MS 70.83 S 81 32.50 MR 10.24 MR 63.64 MS
82 47.50 MS 21.07 MR 75.00 S 82 56.03 S 63.71 S 68.18 S
83 42.50 MS 24.60 MS 75.00 S 83 35.83 MR 7.77 MR 55.00 MS

表4

186个Fhb1基因纯合型高代家系不同赤霉病鉴定方法之间的相关性"

处理
Treatment		 土表接种(徐州)
Soil surface inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 单花滴住(徐州)
Single flower drip inoculation
(in Xuzhou)		 自然发病(建阳)
Screening under natural condition (in Jianyang)
土表接种(徐州) Screening under natural condition (in Xuzhou) 1.00 0.53** 0.19*
单花滴住(徐州) Single flower drip inoculation (in Xuzhou) 1.00 0.20*
自然发病(建阳) Screening under natural condition (in Jianyang) 1.00

表5

徐麦DH9和徐麦17252在江苏省区试、淮北科企联合体小麦区试中赤霉病抗性鉴定结果"

品种
Variety		 2017-2018年度
Plant season of 2017-2018		 2018-2019年度
Plant season of 2018-2019		 2019-2020年度
Plant season of 2019-2020
严重度
Severity of disease		 抗性评价
Evaluation of resistance		 严重度
Severity of disease		 抗性评价
Evaluation of resistance		 严重度
Severity of disease		 抗性评价
Evaluation of resistance
徐麦DH9 Xumai DH9 2.10 MR 2.53 MR 1.22 MR
徐麦17252 Xumai 17252 — — 1.91 MR 1.15 R
苏麦3号Sumai 3 (CK1) 1.27 R 1.45 R 1.10 R
扬麦158 Yangmai 158 (CK2) 2.15 MR 2.57 MR 1.98 MR
淮麦20 Huaimai 20 (CK3) 3.31 MS 3.37 MS 2.62 MS
矮抗58 Aikang 58 (CK4) 3.87 S 3.86 S 3.66 S

表6

徐麦DH9和徐麦17252在国家小麦良种联合攻关大区试验中赤霉病抗性鉴定结果"

品种名称
Variety		 2018-2019年度Plant season of 2018-2019 2019-2020年度Plant season of 2019-2020
严重度
Severity of disease		 病情指数
Disease index		 抗性评价
Evaluation of resistance		 严重度
Severity of disease		 病情指数
Disease index		 抗性评价
Evaluation of resistance
徐麦DH9 Xumai DH9 1.00 10.00 MR 1.47 36.72 MR
徐麦17252 Xumai 17252 — — — 1.6 40.08 MR
苏麦3号 Sumai 3 (CK1) 0.80 1.00 R 0.09 2.26 R
郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023 (CK2) 2.00 20.00 MR 1.69 42.13 MR
郑麦0943 Zhengmai 0943 (CK3) 2.50 50.00 MS 2.69 67.32 MS
周麦18 Zhoumai 18 (CK4) 3.20 80.00 S — — —
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