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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (01): 29-33.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00029

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Inheritance and Mapping of Gene Controlling Four-Rowed Spike in Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

ZHANG Rui-Qi,WANG Xiu-E,CHEN Pei-Du*   

  1. National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2012-05-29 Revised:2012-08-15 Online:2013-01-12 Published:2012-10-08
  • Contact: 陈佩度, E-mail: pdchen@njau.edu.cn; Tel: 025-84396026

Abstract:

In hexaploid wheat and tetraploid wheat the spike normally bears one spikelet per rachis node, and the appearance of supernumerary spikelets is rare. The morphological character of four-rowed spikes (FRS) is one type of the supernumerary spikelets traits, presenting as two spikelets per rachis node. Thus, the grain yield of FRS plants can be enhanced because the numbers of spikelets and seeds of FRS are increased. To understand the genetic basis of FRS trait, the tetraploid FRS cultivar 0880 was crossed reciprocally to normal-spike (NS) cultivar 0879. The phenotypic evaluation of F1, F2, and F2:3 generations was conducted under greenhouse condition. The results indicated that all F1 plants of the reciprocal crosses showed normal spike, indicating that the FRS trait was recessive to normal spike. In the reciprocal F2 populations, the ratios of normal spike to four-rowed spike were 3:1 according to Chi-square test. This indicates that FRS trait is controlled by a recessive allele without cytoplasm effect, and the data from reciprocal crosses could be pooled. This single recessive allele of the FRS trait was designated frs1. A total of 600 SSR markers located on A and B genomes of common wheat were used to amplify the 0880, 0879, four-rowed pool, and normal-spike pool. Among them, 32 SSR markers showed polymorphism between the four-rowed-spike pool and the normal-spike pool. Eleven markers were identified to be linked with the frs1 locus in a genetic map of chromosome 2A. Markers Xwmc598 and Xwmc522 were located on both sides of frs1 with genetic distances of 4.0 cM and 2.4 cM, respectively. The placement of flanking microsatellite loci into chromosome deletion bin 2AS5 (FL 0.00–0.78) delimited the physical location of frs1 to this region. This map provides a basis for fine mapping of frs1 and marker-assisted selection of FRS trait.

Key words: T. turgidum, Four-rowed spike, Supernumerary spikelet, Genetic mapping

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