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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (09): 1393-1405.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.01393

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparison of Yield and Light-temperature Resource Use Efficiency between Wheat-Maize and Maize-Maize Cropping Systems

ZHOU Bao-Yuan1, 2, WANG Zhi-Min2, YUE Yang2, MA Wei1, *, ZHAO Ming1, *   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 2 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2015-03-03 Online:2015-09-12 Published:2015-09-12

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Abstract: Optimizing traditional wheat-maize cropping and exploring new cropping system are essential for increasing annual yield and resource use efficiency in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers Plain. The optimized winter wheat-summer maize cropping (T1) and double maize cropping (T2) were established in our field experiment conducted in Xinxiang from 2009 to 2012. The dry matter production, grain yield, and energy (light and temperature) use efficiency were investigated in the two cropping systems and compared with those in traditional cropping system (CK). In the two optimized cropping systems, the distributions of light and temperature between two cropping seasons were adjusted to 0.7:1.0 and 1.4:1.0 in T1 cropping system, and 1.5:1.0 and 1.0:1.0 in T2 cropping system, respectively, by changing the sowing and harvest dates. Under T1 condition, the annual yield increased by 7.8% over that of CK (P < 0.05), and the yield promotion was mainly attributed to the significant increase in the summer maize season. Late sowing of winter wheat in T1 system resulted in significant improvements of mean leaf area index (MLAI), above-ground biomass, and grain yield of summer maize, meanwhile with no significant yield loss of winter wheat. T2 is a new high-yield production pattern with double maize growing seasons. In the first season, the MLAI, above-ground biomass, and yield of maize were significantly higher than those of winter wheat in CK and T1. In the second season, the above-ground biomass, and yield of T2 were lower than those of CK and T1. However, the annual yield of T2 was higher than that of CK and had no significant difference to that of T1. Compared to CK and T1, T2 resulted in increases by 53.9% and 46.2% in daily yield, 30.5% and 23.3% in light production efficiency, 15.5% and 9.7% in temperature production efficiency, and 30.3% and 23.0% in light energy use efficiency, respectively. These results indicate that the advantages of high resource use efficiency and production capabilities of C4 crop plays the key role in promoting the annual production capability in T1 and T2. The two optimized cropping systems (T1 and T2) may lighten the thoughts for adjusting production patterns to meet an increasing desire of high yield and resource use efficiency in the Yellow-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers Plain.

Key words: Wheat-Maize, Double maize, Yield, Resource distribution, Resource use efficiency

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