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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (06): 912-924.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00912

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Total Straw Returning and Nitrogen Application on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Machine Transplanted Japonica Rice

LI Xiao-Feng,CHENG Jin-Qiu,LIANG Jian,CHEN Meng-Yun,REN Hong-Ru,ZHANG Hong-Cheng,HUO Zhong-Yang*,DAI Qi-Gen,XU Ke,WEI Hai-Yan,GUO Bao-Wei   

  1. Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture / Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Received:2016-10-12 Revised:2017-03-02 Online:2017-06-12 Published:2017-03-29
  • Contact: 霍中洋, E-mail: huozy69@163.com, Tel: 0514-87979220 E-mail:leeanton39@163.com
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFD0200805), the Three New Agriculture Project of Jiangsu Province (SXGC[2016]321), and tne Research Program on Agricultural Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province (BE2015340, BE2016351).

Abstract:

Two regular japonica rice cultivars in Jiangsu (Nanjing 5055 and Nanjing 46) were adopted in this study. The aim of this study was to discuss the influence of different nitrogen fertilizer applications on yield nitrogen absorption and utilization in mechanical transplanted japonica rice, under the condition of total straw returning. Total amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg N ha-1, with treatments of different basal-tillering / panicle fertilizer ratios, including 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6. The yield was significantly affected by total straw returning as compared with non-application of straw, that of Nanjing 5055 and Nanjing 46 increased by 5.04% and 4.64% reapectirely. The yield of machine transplanted japonica rice with straw returned to the field first increased and then decreased with decreasing basal-tillering-fertilizer proportion, and the treatment with 7:3 of basal-tillering / panicle fertilizer ratio had the highest yield. With the same nitrogen application, dry matter accumulation of total straw returning treatment was lower than that of the control during the elongation stage and the transplantation to elongation stage, but higher at heading stage, mature stage, elongation to heading stage and heading to maturity stage. With the decrease of basal-tillering-fertilizer proportion, dry matter accumulation was decreased at elongation stage and transplantation to elongation stage, but first increased and then decreased during the heading, mature, elongation to heading and heading to maturity stages. In the treatment of 7:3 of basal-tillering/panicle fertilizer ratio, the dry matter accumulation, and economic coefficient were the highest in whole straw returning treatment. In the whole straw returning treatment, compared with the control, the nitrogen accumulation was lower before elongation, but higher at elongation to heading and heading to maturity stages. In addition, the nitrogen apparent efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity were also higher than thase of the treatment without straw application. In different nitrogen fertilizer applications, with the decrease of basal-tillering-fertilizer proportion, the nitrogen apparent efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, nitrogen physiological efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity were first increased and then decreased, reaching the highest point when the application proportion of base-tiller nitrogen fertilizer to earing nitrogen fertilizer was 7:3.

Key words: Total straw returning, Nitrogen application, Machine transplanted japonica rice, Grain yield, Nitrogen uptake, Nitrogen use efficiency

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