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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 365-384.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.91044

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genetic effects of important yield traits analysed by mixture model of major gene plus polygene in wheat

Song-Feng XIE1,2,*,Wan-Quan JI1,*(),Yao-Yuan ZHANG1,*,Jun-Jie ZHANG1,Wei-Guo HU3,Jun LI4,Chang-You WANG1,Hong ZHANG1,Chun-Huan CHEN1   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas / Yangling Sub-centre, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Se-enriched Food Development, Ankang R&D Center for Se-enriched Prducts, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, China;
    3. Wheat Research Centre, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China;
    4. Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2019-07-01 Accepted:2019-09-26 Online:2020-03-12 Published:2019-10-11
  • Contact: Song-Feng XIE,Wan-Quan JI,Yao-Yuan ZHANG E-mail:jiwanquan2003@126.com
  • Supported by:
    The study was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0102004);the Shaanxi Resrarch Station of Crop Gene Resources & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shaanxi Provincial Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Transformation Project(NYKJ-2015-037);the Innovation Capability Support Program Project in Shaanxi Province(2018TD-021);the Innovation Capability Support Program Project in Shaanxi Province(2018PT-31);the National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Se-enriched Food Development (Shaanxi).

Abstract:

The important traits represented by yield per plant are the main target traits in high-yield breeding of wheat, and analysing then the quantitative genetic characteristics will provide a basis for further study on the genetic mechanism. In this study, we selected the winter Pingdong 34 as the female parent (P1) and the Barran as the male parent (P2) to configure the hybrid combination, and applied the main gene + polygene mixed genetic model method to analyse the length and number of tillers in the single generation (P1, P2) RIL7:8, RIL8:9 at four environments in two years genetic model and correlation among yield per plant, 1000-grain weight, plant height, internode length, internode length and number of tillers. There were significant or extremely significant condation among all the traits, except for the 1000-grain weight and number of tillers. The average correlation coefficient between the internodes and the upper leaves of the flag was 0.91 (P ≤ 0.001). The optimal genetic model for yield per plant was four pairs of additive epigenetic gene + polygenic genetic model with the main gene additive effect values of 3.78, 2.89, -6.18, and 0.15, respectively, and the multigene heritability of 86.23%. The optimal genetic model of 1000-grain weight of a mixed genetic model with two pairs of complementary main genes + additive effects. The multi-gene additive effect value was 22.37, the main gene heritability was 66.96%, and the multi-gene heritability was 28.25%. The optimal genetic model of plant height was a mixed genetic model of two pairs of cumulative main genes + additive multigenes. The additive value of the first pair of main genes controlling plant height was 5.15. Additive × additive epistatic interaction value was -9.66, the multigene additive effect value was -9.31, the major gene heritability was 58.57%, and the polygene heritability was 39.71%. The optimal genetic model of the internode length below spike above the flag leaf was the additive-superordinate multi-gene genetic model, and the main gene heritability was 97.65% and 99.14%, respectively. The optimal genetic model of the number of tillers was an additive-superordinate multi-gene mixed genetic model with a genetic rate of 78.89% for primary genes and 19.87% for multiple genes. These traits were mainly dominated by the combination of major gene + polygene in multiple environments. In the process of breeding excellent strains, it is necessary to take into account the important performances adapting to the ecological environment conditions, and further provide a theoretical basis for screening closely linked to target traits markers and promoting molecular marker-assisted selection.

Key words: wheat, yied traits, conrelation analysis, major gene plus polygen, genetic effects

Table 1

Descriptive analysis of optimal linear unbiased prediction of panicle traits in recombinant inbred lines and their parents"

环境Environ. 亲本Parent 重组自交系群体 RIL
品东34
Pindong 34
Warran
MY11847
最小值
Min.
最大值
Max.
平均数
Average
标准差
SD
变异系数CV (%) 遗传力 Heritability 偏度系数
Skew.
峰度系数
Kurt.
单株产量GYP (g)
E1 36.45 5.53 1.18 89.83 24.32 14.41 0.59 0.86 1.02** 1.55**
E2 18.66 6.24 2.03 65.55 23.31 9.93 0.43 0.47 0.66** 1.11**
E3 28.50 15.89 2.85 71.32 25.56 11.03 0.43 0.77 0.66** 0.82**
E4 28.56 24.38 1.10 47.20 16.97 8.00 0.47 0.75 0.48** 0.23**
Average 28.04 13.01 1.79 68.48 22.54 10.84 0.48 0.71 0.705** 0.9275**
千粒重TGW (g)
E1 55.85 26.00 23.25 66.50 45.12 7.43 0.16 0.33 0.09 -0.29
E2 58.40 24.65 24.18 66.17 45.01 7.09 0.16 0.37 -0.08 -0.26
E3 57.08 24.15 18.90 59.70 38.30 7.37 0.19 0.76 -0.10 -0.20
E4 71.20 68.15 11.88 71.20 47.89 8.27 0.17 0.63 -0.25 0.35**
Average 60.63 35.74 19.55 65.89 44.08 7.54 0.17 0.52 -0.08 -0.10
株高 PH (cm)
E1 88.00 86.00 30.00 158.00 96.51 19.09 0.20 0.91 -0.21 -0.07
E2 86.50 90.50 50.80 161.80 108.26 22.05 0.20 0.92 -0.18 -0.39
E3 85.75 99.33 39.25 149.25 102.88 18.74 0.18 0.94 -0.43 0.02
E4 94.67 102.00 33.67 155.00 104.76 20.89 0.20 0.92 -0.35 -0.24
Average 88.73 94.46 38.43 156.01 103.10 20.19 0.20 0.92 -0.29 -0.17
分蘖数NTP
E1 28.00 16.00 3.00 79.00 20.48 7.33 0.36 0.57 1.94** 2.54**
E2 15.75 18.25 6.50 54.00 22.02 5.63 0.26 0.42 1.09** 3.30**
E3 23.00 35.50 9.00 59.00 28.60 7.43 0.26 0.90 0.58** 0.56**
E4 10.00 17.00 3.33 21.00 9.76 2.55 0.26 0.44 0.96** 2.10**
Average 19.19 21.69 5.46 53.25 20.22 5.74 0.28 0.60 1.14** 4.63**
穗下节间长SIL (cm)
E1 36.00 34.00 16.00 66.00 40.40 9.12 0.23 0.89 0.00 -0.17
E2 33.25 33.75 18.60 66.00 40.45 8.54 0.21 0.88 -0.11 -0.20
E3 31.45 32.70 14.23 54.10 35.31 6.42 0.18 0.86 -0.32 0.20*
E4 32.83 33.50 16.83 62.50 39.13 8.27 0.21 0.91 -0.23 -0.24
Average 33.38 33.49 16.42 62.15 38.82 8.09 0.21 0.88 -0.16 -0.10
旗叶上节间长FIL (cm)
E1 13.00 21.00 3.00 46.00 20.19 6.94 0.34 0.87 0.27** 0.18*
E2 11.75 20.00 3.80 42.20 20.16 6.35 0.32 0.89 0.15* 0.14**
E3 9.50 14.65 0.00 30.00 15.39 4.31 0.28 0.59 0.01 0.51**
E4 11.00 17.50 2.50 35.00 18.40 5.58 0.30 0.89 0.06 -0.02
Average 11.31 18.29 2.33 38.30 18.53 5.80 0.31 0.81 0.12* 0.21*

Fig.1

Frequent(column),mixed(solid line,theoretical), and component(dotted line) distributions for wheat panicle-related traits in RILs"

Fig. 2

Bonferroni-corrected genetic correlations for field yield traits with model parameters and a scatter plot matrix of linear fit lines in wheat-recombinant inbred lines (RILs). A, B, C, and D indicate the frequency distribution, correlation and fit curve of yield traits of RILs group in the four environments of Shaanxi Yangling in 2015-2016, Yangling in Shaanxi in 2016-2017, Yuanyang in Henan in 2016-2017, and Guangyuan in 2016-2017, respectively The distribution of each variable is shown on the diagonal. On the bottom of the diagonal, the bivariate scatter plots with a fitted line are displayed. On the top of the diagonal, the value of the correlation plus the significance level are shown as stars. Each significance level is associated with a symbol: no symbol P < 0.1, “*”P < 0.05, “**” P < 0.01, “***” P < 0.001, “****” P < 0.0001."

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