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Breeding objectives and strategies for maize in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region

CHEN Yong-Qiang1,WANG Ya-Fei1,XIE Hui-Ling1,ZHANG Zhan-Hui1,HEI Hong-Chao1,PENG Qiang2,YANG Xue-Li2,HE Ge-Ming3,*,TANG Ji-Hua1,*   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / the Shennong Laboratory / Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; 2 Henan Yuyu Seed Industry Co., LTD, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; 3 Nanyang Seed Industry Development Center, Nanyang 473000, Henan, China
  • Received:2024-06-20 Revised:2024-09-03 Accepted:2024-09-03 Online:2024-09-09 Published:2024-09-09
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2022YFD1201004), the Major Projects of Henan Province (221100110300), the Key Research Project of the Shennong Laboratory (SN01-2022-02), the Key Research and Development Projects of Henan Province (241111114300), and the Agricultural Seed Joint Research Project of Henan Province (2022010204).

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Abstract:

The Huang-Huai-Hai region, the second largest maize-producing area in China, is situated in a transitional zone between the subtropical and north temperate climates. This region is characterized by a unique double cropping system of winter wheat-summer maize, which presents specific challenges for maize cultivation. The distinct ecological conditions and cropping system necessitate maize varieties with enhanced comprehensive resistance and adaptability. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the current production status and the primary issues facing maize cultivation in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. It identifies key breeding objectives, including “high yield, suitability for mechanized harvesting, early maturity, tolerance to high planting density, resilience to environmental stresses, and resistance to major diseases and pests.” Based on these objectives, the paper proposes several breeding strategies: “reducing heterosis to increase planting density, improving kernel bulk density and single-ear seed yield, incorporating multiple resistance genes to enhance disease resistance, strengthening lodging resistance by increasing the number of brace roots, and promoting earlier anther dehiscence and pollen release to avoid high temperatures.” Additionally, the paper emphasizes the importance of identifying and utilizing superior genes, advancing the development of new core germplasm resources, and establishing modern molecular breeding systems, such as genome editing and genome-wide selection. It also advocates for the creation of an innovative collaboration model among research institutes, universities, and seed enterprises to accelerate germplasm innovation, improve maize breeding efficiency, and enhance the breeding and promotion of the entire industry chain. The ultimate goal is to develop superior new maize varieties that will effectively support agricultural production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region.

Key words: the Huang-Huai-Hai region, maize, existing problems, breeding objective, strategy

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