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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05): 857-864.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00857

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genotypic Responses and Physiological Mechanisms of Maize (Zea mays L.) to High Temperature Stress during Flowering

ZHAO Long-Fei,LI Chao-Hai*,LIU Tian-Xue,WANG Xiu-Ping,SENG Shan-Shan,PAN Xu   

  1. Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 45002, China
  • Received:2011-09-26 Revised:2012-01-19 Online:2012-05-12 Published:2012-03-05
  • Contact: 李潮海, E-mail: lichaohai2005@yahoo.com.cn, Tel: 0371-63555629

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Abstract: Lodging is one of the most important factors restricting the wide extension of dry-cultivated rice (DCR). The objective of the study was to investigate the reasons for lodging in DCR using Shanyou 63 (indica hybrid combination) and 9516 (japonica) as materials. The results showed that the lodging percentage in DCR was significantly higher than that in conventional moist-cultivated rice (MCR), leading to significant decrease in seed-setting percentage and grain weight, and grain yield in DCR. The mechanical strength (thickness and weight per centimeter) and carbohydrate (especially starch) content in basal internodes from heading to maturity were much lower in DCR than in MCR, while α-amylase activity in basal internodes was higher in DCR than in MCR. The starch content was very significantly and positively correlated with thickness and weight per centimeter of basal internodes, and significantly or very significantly and negatively correlated with α-amylase activity in basal internodes. The starch exportation was significantly or very significantly and positively correlated with α-amylase activity. The application of silicon and potassium fertilizers could decrease α-amylase activity and increase the starch content in basal internodes, enhance the mechanical strength of basal internodes, decrease the lodging percentage, and increase seed-setting percentage and grain weight, result in the increase of grain yield in DCR. The results were reversed when 1/2 leaves were cut at booting stage. The results above indicated that the higher α-amylase activity in basal internodes in DCR caused more starch degradation, decreasing the mechanical strength of basal internodes, and resulting in the lodging in DCR.

Key words: Maize, Genotype, High temperature, Yield, Physiological mechanism

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