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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (09): 1391-1401.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01391

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of ExogenousPolyamines on Mechanism of Floret Degeneration in Wheat

LÜ Xiao-Kang,WEN Xiao-Xia,LIAO Yun-Cheng,LIU Yang*   

  1. Agronomy College,Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2015-11-29 Revised:2016-05-09 Online:2016-09-12 Published:2016-05-30
  • Contact: 刘杨, E-mail: liuyang0328@126.com, Tel: 029-87082291 E-mail:1175780812@qq.com
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301260), theNational Key Technology R&T Program of China (2015BAD22B03-05), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M572604).

Abstract:

Kernel number per spike has a close relationship with floret degeneration in wheat, which is regulated greatly by polyamines (PAs), one of important plant growth regulators. In this study, we applied exogenous spermine (Spm), spermidine (Spd) and putrescine (Put) to the young spikes of cultivars Shuangda 1 (large-spike type) and Xinong 538 (small-spike type) to investigate the effects of PAs on floret degeneration,endogenous hormones, and the carbon and nitrogen changes in wheat floret. The results indicated that exogenous Spd and Spm had similar effects on floret degeneration whereas exogenous Put was in function. In the treatments with external Spd and Spm applied, the floret degeneration was inhibited and the number of fertile floretsincreased significantly. In the external Put treatment, floret degeneration aggravated and the fertile floret number decreased significantly. Such influence by external PAswas different in upper and lower florets of a spike and the upper florets (inferior florets) showed greater effects than the lower ones (superior florets). The concerntrations of endogenous Spd and Spm, zeatin (Z) + zeatin ridoside (ZR),and the ratio of Z+ZR-to-abscisic acid (ABA)in inferior florets increased after applying exogenous Spd and Spm. However, the evolution rate of endogenous ethylene (ETH) in inferior floret decreased. As a result, the total soluble sugar and protein contents increased significantly in inferior floret. In contrast, exogenous Put showed reverse effects compared to Spd and Spm. Our results indicate that PAswere involved in the regulation of floret degeneration by changing the endogenous hormone concerntrations and the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in wheat plants.

Key words: Polyamine, Wheat, Floret degeneration, Hormone, Total soluble sugar, Soluble protein

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