不同穗型超级稻品种籽粒灌浆特性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01516

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to ascertain the characteristics of the grain-filling and physiological indexes after heading and the yield components of super rice with different panicle-grain types. An experiment with different sowing date was conducted using different growth duration varieties (Zhunliangyou 527, Liangyoupeijiu, Y-liangyou 1, Yuxiangyouzhan, and Huanghuazhan) under the field conditions to ensure the grain filling was under the similar temperature and solar radiation conditions. The grain yield and its components averaged in three sowing treatments displayed significant difference among tested varieties, of which the highest yield reached 9.47 t ha^-1 for Liangyoupeijiu and the lowest was 8.39 t ha^-1 for Yuxiangyouzhan. According to the hierarchical cluster analysis based on the grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight, tested varieties were divided into the big grain type (Zhunliangyou 527), the medium grain type (Liangyoupeijiu and Y-liangyou 1), and the small grain type (Yuxiangyouzhan and Huanghuazhan). There were obvious differences intensity and peak duration of grain filling among the tested varieties. The big grain variety showed quick grain growth at the beginning, high intensity and short peak duration for grain filling during the middle-late periods, being one step filling in the upper, middle and lower branch grains; the medium grain variety showed quicker grain growth at the beginning, smaller intensity and longer peak duration for grain filling during the middle-late periods, with two filling peaks from 12 d to 18 d and from 24 d to 30 d after heading, respectively; the small grain variety showed slow grain growth at the beginning, smaller intensity and shorter peak duration for grain filling during the middle-late periods, which was one step filling in the upper or middle branch grains and two step filling in the lower branch grains. The average grain filling rate closely related to the panicle-grain type of varieties, was 0.68 mg d^-1 for big grain variety, 0.48–0.51 mg d^-1 for medium varieties, and 0.41–0.47 mg d^-1 for small grain varieties. The intensity and duration of the grain-filling also associated with the changes of physiological indexes of flag leaf and roots after heading. At the beginning of the grain-filling, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, carotenoids content gradually declined, leaf soluble sugar content, MDA content gradually increased, POD and CAT activities and root activity successively underwent two rise and fall processes. In conclusion, different panicle-grain types super rice have significantly different characteristics of yield components and grain filling. The intensity and the duration of grain-filling depend upon the panicle-grain type of varieties and the branch and grain positions inserted on the panicle, with the same tendency of physiological indexes variation in flag leaf and roots.

Key words: Super rice, Grain filling, Yield, Physiological index

WEI Ying-Juan,ZHAO Yang,ZOU Ying-Bin*. Grain-filling Characteristics in Super Rice with Different Panicle Types[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2016, 42(10): 1516-1529.

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Grain-filling Characteristics in Super Rice with Different Panicle Types

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