氮肥运筹对钵苗机插优质食味水稻产量及品质的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00420

Abstract

Abstract:

Two rice cultivars with good taste quality in Jiangsu, Nanjing9108 and Nanjing5055, were adopted in mechanical transplantion with pot seedling which was a new cultivation technique. The total amount of nitrogen applied in each treatment was 270 kg ha^-1 with different ratios of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer, including 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6. The effects of the nitrogen application strategies on yield and grain quality were studied and the suitable method of nitrogen application was also determined. It was found that the rice yield was highest in the treatment of 6:4. The brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate gradually increased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer. Amylose content and gel consistency of grain gradually reduced with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, however, there was an opposite change trend in protein content, the more late nitrogen applied, the larger protein content would be. Chalkiness percentage and chalkiness degree of two cultivars increased at first and then decreased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, and the treatment of 6:4 was significantly higher than other treatments. However, the chalkiness area gradually increased0 with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer. It also found that, with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, the aroma, gloss, taste, mouthfeel and comprehensive indices decreased while integrity increased. The peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown value in different treatments all gradually decreased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, but the setback value increased. In general, the treatment with the ratio of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer of 6:4 can significantly increase the yield of mechanical transplanting good taste quality rice with pot seedling. An appropriate increase in the proportion of panicle-fertilizer can improve processing quality and nutritional quality of rice, also increase the kernel length and kernel width of grain, but deteriorate the appearance quality and eating quality of rice.

Key words: Nitrogen application, Mechanical transplanting with pot seedling, Good taste quality rice, Yield, Rice quality

HU Qun,XIA Min,ZHANG Hong-Cheng,CAO Li-Qiang,GUO Bao-Wei,WEI Hai-Yan,CHEN Hou-Cun,HAN Bao-Fu. Effect of Nitrogen Application Regime on Yield and Quality of Mechanical Pot-seedling Transplanting Rice with Good Taste Quality[J].Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(03): 420-431.

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