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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (03): 448-457.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.00448

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Nitrogen Management on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation and Translocation of Maize in Maize-Soybean Relay-Cropping System

WEN Xi-Chen1,WANG Xiao-Chun1,*,DENG Xiao-Yan1,ZHANG Qun1,PU Tian1,LIU Guo-Dan1,YANG Wen -Yu1,*   

  1. Agricultural College of Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang 611130, China
  • Received:2014-07-07 Revised:2014-09-30 Online:2015-03-12 Published:2014-11-11

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Abstract:

Maize-soybean relay-cropping system is an important planting pattern in southwest China, in which the proper nitrogen management plays a key role for improving maize production. A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive seasons (2010–2011) with different treatments of nitrogen (N) application rates (90, 180, 270, 360 kg ha-1) and ratios of base fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and earing fertilizer (5:0:5, 3:2:5, 5:2:3) to study the effects of nitrogen management on yield and dry matter accumulation and translocation of maize in maize-soybean relay-cropping system. The results showed that, maize yield and dry matter accumulation increased with increasing N application rates up to 270 kg N ha-1 under the same ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing, and then decreased when N application rate was 360 kg N ha-1. The N application rate of 180 kg ha-1 significantly increased kemels per ear, 1000-kemel weigh, ear number, and help increase translocation efficiency, post anthesis assimilate, plant dry matter accumulation and the maximum increasing rate, while the N application rate of 360 kg ha-1 had negative effect. The effects of different ratios of base fertilizer to topdressing on maize yield and dry matter accumulation were 3:2:5>5:0:5>5:2:3, postponed N application (B2, 3:2:5) was beneficial to improve dry matter accumulation and translocation to grain, increased the maximum increasing rate and improved ear traits. Compared with conventional ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing (B1, 5:0:5), B2 treatment (3:2:5) had a higher yield 0f 4.11% than B1 (5:0:5) on average of two years. The interaction between N application rates and ratios of base fertilizer to topdressing was significant on maize yield, N application rates of 270 kg ha-1 and the ratio of 3:2:5 reached to the highest yield in 2010 year. No significant difference between 180 and 270 kg N ha-1 with the same ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing (3:2:5) in maize yield was found. In 2011, the yield under N application rate at180 kg ha-1 and ratio of 3:2:5 treatment was significantly higher than that under other nitrogen management. Therefore, the most appropriate nitrogen management is N application rate of 180 kg ha-1 and ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing 3:2:5.

Key words: Nitrogen management, Yield, Dry matter accumulation, Maize, Maize-soybean relay-cropping

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