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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05): 751-757.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00751

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Wheat Straw Returning Patterns on Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulation, Distribution and Yield of Rotation Maize

YIN Wen**,FENG Fu-Xue**,ZHAO Cai,YU Ai-Zhong,CHAI Qiang*,HU Fa-Long,GUO Yao   

  1. Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science / Faculty of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou
  • Received:2015-11-07 Revised:2016-03-02 Online:2016-05-12 Published:2016-03-11
  • Contact: Chai Qiang, E-mail: chaiq@gsau.edu.cn E-mail:yinwentx@126.com
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (31360323), t the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201503125-3), and National Key Technology Support Program of China (2012BAD14B10).

Abstract:

Research on the response of dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of crops to previous straw returning usually plays an important role for optimizing cropping systems. In this investigation, a field experiment was carried out in typical oasis irrigation region, to determine the characteristics of dry matter distribution and yield of rotated maize with four previous wheat straw treatments, including 25 cm no tillage with straw standing (NTSS); 25 cm no tillage with straw covering (NTS); 25 cm tillage with straw incorporation (TIS); and conventional tillage (CT). The results showed that, compraed with CT,NTSS, NTS, TIS significantly increased dry matter accumulation by an average of 4.8% to 12.7% after maize heading stage in two years; and improved contribution rate to grain yield (i.e. GCR) of maize by an average of 12.8% to 25.0% from leaf, 6.3% to 11.3% from stem, and 18.3% to 78.4% from sheath, respectively. especially, NTS had more improvement than NTSS, TIS. The grain yield of maize was 11.3% to 17.5% higher in the three straw returning treatments than in CT check. NTS exhibited the most significant effect opf improving yield, reaching 13 470 and 13 274 kg ha-1 in two study years, which was 5.6% to 9.0% higher than that of TIS due to the increase of kernel number per spike. Meanwhile, NTS had the best effect on increasing harvest index, which was increased by 6.4% to 8.4% during the two study years,and redulted in a high grain yield. Our results showed that NTS treatment is recommended as thebest feasible cultural method to optimize dry matter accumulation, distribution and obtain high yield for rotated maize in the oasis irrigation region.

Key words: Straw returning, Rotation, Dry matter distribution, Yield, Harvest index

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