化控剂对东北春玉米茎秆理化特性及抗倒伏的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00909

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the mechanical mechanism of controlling lodging resistance of corn stalk, effects of chemical regulators on contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and lignin related enzyme activity of spring maize stalk were studied. Field experiments were conducted at the Xiangyang experimental practice base of Northeast Agricultural University in 2015 and 2016 using spring maize cultivar Dongnong 253 with two chemical regulators, DTB and KP (a chemical regulator made of DCPTA and ETH). Two chemical regulators were sprayed at the 6-leaf stage, with water spraying as the control. The randomized block group was designed with three replicates, and a plot area was 56 m ². The responses of bending resistance, lodging resistance index, lignin, cellulose and hemi-cellulose contents, and the activities of key enzymes of lignin synthesis at different growth stages of maize to different treatments were analyzed. The two chemical regulators application could significantly improve activities of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) in maize stem. The contents of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin, bending resistance, and lodging resistance index were also improved significantly, where actual lodging rate decreased significantly. The lodging resistance index was extremely positively correlated with contents of lignin and hemi-cellulose (correlation coefficients were 0.67 and 0.64, respectively). The bending resistance was extremely positively correlated with the content of cellulose (correlation coefficient was 0.89). The content of lignin was extremely positively correlated with the activity of CAD (correlation coefficient was 0.89) and positively correlated with the activity of 4CL (correlation coefficient was 0.51). However, there’s no significant correlation of lignin content with phenylalanine transaminase (PAL) and tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) activityies. Our results suggest that spraying chemical regulators at the 6-leaf stage can improve activities of key enzymes in stem (especially activities of CAD and 4CL), and stem fiber quality significantly enhancing stem lodging resistance of spring maize.

Key words: spring maize, chemical regulators, physio-biochemichal characteristics, enzyme activity, lodging resistance

Hai-Chao FAN,Wan-Rong GU,De-Guang YANG,Ju-Ping YU,Lin PIAO,Qian ZHANG,Li-Guo ZHANG,Xiu-Hong YANG,Shi WEI. Effect of Chemical Regulators on Physical and Chemical Properties and Lodging Resistance of Spring Maize Stem in Northeast China[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(6): 909-919.

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	倒伏发生时期 Stage of lodging	倒伏分级 Lodging grade	实际倒伏率 Actual lodging percentage (%)
2015	KP		0	0
	DTB	乳熟期 Milk stage	1	3.88
	DTB	乳熟期 Milk stage	2	0.38
	CK	抽雄吐丝期 Tasseling stage	1	5.64
	CK	抽雄吐丝期 Tasseling stage	2	26.48
2016	KP		0	0
	DTB	乳熟期 Milk stage	1	2.94
	DTB	乳熟期 Milk stage	2	0.86
	CK	抽雄吐丝期 Tasseling stage	1	4.38
	CK	抽雄吐丝期 Tasseling stage	2	20.88

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	拔节期 Elongation stage	抽雄吐丝期 Tasseling stage	灌浆初期 Early filling stage	乳熟期 Milk stage	完熟期 Maturing stage
2015	KP	229.69±11.75 a	433.51±8.83 a	491.83±6.57 a	465.41±6.70 a	455.26±17.97 a
	DTB	220.11±11.98 a	402.41±8.85 b	472.55±7.87 b	436.58±5.54 b	417.76±15.53 a
	CK	162.17±10.40 b	346.33±16.82 c	409.05±11.84 c	381.07±12.67 c	360.50±17.56 b
2016	KP	231.14±12.15 a	441.64±8.31 a	494.61±8.94 a	470.51±9.70 a	457.21±14.13 a
	DTB	223.61±10.58 a	401.89±7.75 b	469.62±6.79 b	435.56±6.44 b	415.63±12.45 a
	CK	163.21±9.67 b	350.34±11.42 c	412.43±12.65 c	382.37±8.78 c	363.14±14.45 b

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	拔节期 Elongation stage	抽雄吐丝期 Tasseling stage	灌浆初期 Early filling stage	乳熟期 Milk stage	完熟期 Maturing stage
2015	KP	5.84±0.42 a	6.02±0.31 a	6.83±0.35 a	5.41±0.32 a	4.74±0.46 a
	DTB	5.53±0.31 a	5.13±0.21 b	5.72±0.39 b	4.34±0.19 b	3.90±0.22 b
	CK	3.21±0.41 a	3.17±0.24 c	3.65±0.26 c	3.26±0.35 c	2.93±0.31 c
2016	KP	5.88±0.42 a	6.02±0.31 a	6.83±0.35 a	5.41±0.32 a	4.74±0.46 a
	DTB	5.53±0.31 a	5.13±0.21 b	5.72±0.39 b	4.34±0.19 b	3.90±0.22 b
	CK	3.21±0.41 a	3.17±0.24 c	3.65±0.26 c	3.26±0.35 c	2.93±0.31 c

指标 Index	木质素含量 Lignin content	PAL活性 Phenylalaninammo- nialyase activity	4CL活性 4-coumarate: CoA ligase activity	CAD活性 Cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity	TAL活 Tyrosine ammonia lyase activity
木质素含量 Lignin content		0.25	0.51^*	0.89^**	0.38
抗折力 Snapping resistance	0.29	0.64^**	0.68^**	0.33	0.58^*
抗倒伏指数 Lodging resistance index	0.67^**	0.48	0.39	0.66^**	0.49

指标 Index	实际倒伏率 Actual lodging percentage	半纤维素含量 Hemicellulose content	纤维素含量 Cellulose content
抗折力 Snapping resistance	-0.36	0.61^*	0.89^**
抗倒伏指数 Lodging resistance index	-0.85^**	0.64^**	0.41

Effect of Chemical Regulators on Physical and Chemical Properties and Lodging Resistance of Spring Maize Stem in Northeast China

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