氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92010

Abstract

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted by using four high quality late rice varieties, including Taiyou 398, Huanghuazhan, Tianyouhuazhan, and Meixiangxinzhan under four nitrogen treatments of 0, 135, 180, and 255 kg hm ^-2 to select the optimum nitrogen application rate for the coordination of high quality and high yield. The appropriate increase of nitrogen application improved the yield of high quality rice, which reached maximum under the nitrogen treatment of 180 kg hm ^-2. When the nitrogen application was 180 kg hm ^-2, the indicators such as the brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate for all varieties reached maximum except for the head milled rice rate of Huanghuazhan. As more nitrogen was gradually applied, there were growing length-width ratio, protein content and gel consistency of double-season high-quality late rice while in contrast reduction in chalky grain percentage, chalkiness degree and amylose content, which also brought about a steady drop in peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity while a rise in setback and pasting temperature. To sum up, the appropriate increase of nitrogen application can improve the processing quality, appearance quality, cooking and nutritional quality while deteriorate the RVA characteristics. The nitrogen application of 180 kg hm ^-2 facilitates a better coordination between quality and yield in high quality double-season late rice under mechanical transplanting.

Key words: mechanical transplanting, high quality late rice, nitrogen application, yield, rice quality

TANG Jian,TANG Chuang,GUO Bao-Wei,ZHANG Cheng-Xin,ZHANG Zhen-Zhen,WANG Ke,ZHANG Hong-Cheng,CHEN Heng,SUN Ming-Zhu. Effect of nitrogen application on yield and rice quality of mechanical transplanting high quality late rice[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(01): 117-130.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

Yield and composition of high quality late rice under different nitrogen application rates"

品种 Cultivar	处理Treatment	穗数 Panicle (×10⁴hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	总颖花量 Total number of spikelets (×10⁴hm^-2)	结实率 Seed-setting rate (%)	千粒重 1000-kernel weight (g)	理论产量 Theoretical yield (kg hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual yield (kg hm^-2)
2017
美香新占 Meixiang- xinzhan	N0	295.50 Bb	127.39 Bc	37643.45 Cc	83.43 Aa	20.35 Aa	6391.11 Cc	6218.51 Cc
	N1	347.82 ABa	146.36 ABb	50907.50 Bb	77.79 ABb	20.05 Aab	7939.99 Bb	7497.38 Bb
	N2	354.63 Aa	157.26 Aa	55768.68 Aa	77.74 ABb	19.25 Ab	8345.75 Aa	8204.39 Aa
	N3	357.92 Aa	156.04 Aa	55849.66 Aa	77.15 Bb	19.17 Aab	8186.72 ABa	8096.84 ABa
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	304.88 Cc	117.36 Bb	35780.99 Cc	82.21 Aa	22.57 Aa	6639.09 Bc	6495.88 Bc
	N1	341.09 Bb	129.04 Aa	44014.31 Bb	79.28 ABab	22.41 Aa	7819.87 Ab	7342.58 ABb
	N2	367.41 ABa	131.02 Aa	48137.55 Aa	76.83 ABbc	22.35 Aa	8265.94 Aa	7928.13 Aa
	N3	377.66 Aa	129.25 Aa	48812.10 Aa	75.02 Bc	22.30 Aa	8166.00 Aa	7733.12 Aa
天优华占 Tianyouhua- zhan	N0	269.72 Cc	111.37 Cc	30039.25 Cc	90.81 Aa	23.57 Aa	6456.85 Bc	6203.33 Bc
	N1	285.15 BCb	133.18 Bb	37975.94 Bb	88.43 Aab	23.40 Aa	7858.22 ABb	7565.08 Ab
	N2	292.93 Bb	154.12 Aa	45146.24 Aa	86.38 ABb	23.30 Aa	9086.38 Aa	8608.62 Aa
	N3	315.88 Aa	150.32 Aa	47482.38 Aa	82.14 Bc	23.19 Aa	9005.57 Aa	8517.32 Aa
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	285.21 Bb	105.05 Cc	29961.58 Cc	92.04 Aa	22.11 Aa	6097.19 Bc	5941.71 Bc
	N1	334.41 ABa	112.96 Bb	37775.11 Bb	91.45 ABa	21.87 Aa	7555.06 Ab	6987.72 ABb
	N2	337.41 ABa	121.92 Aa	41137.03 Aa	91.09 ABa	21.75 Aa	8112.63 Aa	7948.39 Aa
	N3	354.47 Aa	119.68 Aa	42423.47 Aa	88.09 Bb	21.68 Aa	8027.25 Aa	7870.37 Aa
2018
美香新占 Meixiang- xinzhan	N0	304.77 Bc	103.30 Bb	31482.50 Bc	86.17 Aa	21.10 Aa	5724.27 Bb	5602.80 Bc
	N1	317.08 ABbc	144.50 Aa	45818.28 Ab	84.16 Aab	20.12 Aab	7750.88 Aa	7326.74 Ab
	N2	326.32 ABb	148.54 Aa	48470.61 Aab	83.79 Ab	19.80 Ab	8041.17 Aa	7757.72 Aa
	N3	354.02 Aa	142.97 Aa	50615.57 Aa	83.37 Ab	19.75 Ab	7912.05 Aa	7634.58 Aab
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	273.98 Bc	97.22 Bc	26637.24 Bc	87.29 Aa	24.25 Aa	5638.66 Cc	5910.65 Bc
	N1	338.63 Aa	113.77 Ab	38526.95 Ab	85.69 Aab	24.20 Aa	7989.63 Bb	7449.88 Ab
	N2	347.87 Aab	121.08 Aa	42120.79 Aa	85.14 Ab	23.90 Aa	8571.00 Aa	8127.14 Aa
	N3	354.02 Ab	117.75 Aab	41686.22 Aab	84.74 Ab	23.85 Aa	8425.41 ABa	7942.43 Aa
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	283.77 Ac	97.00 Cc	27525.47 Cc	85.43 Aa	24.80 Aa	5831.91 Cc	5610.65 Bc
	N1	306.42 Ab	131.32 Bb	40239.12 Bb	83.09 ABab	24.60 Aa	8225.20 Bb	7816.15 Ab
	N2	324.58 Aa	145.83 Aa	47334.81 Aa	80.51 ABbc	24.45 Aa	9280.08 Aa	8831.26 Aa
	N3	335.54 Aa	141.50 ABa	47478.53 Aa	79.36 Bc	24.40 Aa	9156.49 Aa	8646.55 Aa
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	286.53 Ac	96.65 Bb	27693.35 Cc	90.65 Aa	22.80 Aa	5723.56 Bc	5699.08 Cc
	N1	318.18 Ab	119.71 Aa	38089.35 Bb	89.22 Aab	22.75 Aa	7731.50 Ab	7345.75 Bb
	N2	338.32 Aa	123.34 Aa	41728.23 Aa	88.49 Aab	22.65 Aa	8363.81 Aa	8180.86 Aa
	N3	341.40 Aa	120.93 Aa	41284.46 Aa	87.92 Ab	22.60 Aa	8203.12 Aa	7996.15 ABa

Table 1

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Table 9

Table 10

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[36]	叶全宝, 张洪程, 李华, 霍中洋, 魏海燕, 夏科, 戴其根, 许轲 . 施氮水平和栽插密度对粳稻淀粉RVA谱特性的影响. 作物学报, 2005,31:124-130.
	Ye Q B, Zhang H C, Li H, Huo Z Y, Wei H Y, Xia K, Dai Q G, Xu K . Effects of amount of nitrogen applied and planting density on RVA profile characteristic of japonica rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2005,31:124-130 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[37]	闫影, 张丽霞, 万常照, 曹黎明, 吴书俊 . 稻米淀粉RVA谱特征值及理化指标与食味值的相关性. 植物生理学报, 2016,52:1884-1890.
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	Li G S, Zhang H, Wang Z Q, Liu L J, Yang J C . Effects of nitrogen levels on grain yield and quality of rice. J Yangzhou Univ(Agric & Life Sci Edn), 2007,28(4):66-70 (in Chinese with English abstract).
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品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	2017			2018
品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	糙米率 BR	精米率 MR	整精米率 HMR	糙米率 BR	精米率 MR	整精米率 HMR
美香新占 Meixiangxinzhan	N0	78.41 Aa	68.67 Ab	58.94 Ab	77.01 Ab	70.71 Ab	53.58 Bb
	N1	78.67 Aa	69.48 Ab	59.72 Aab	80.98 Aa	73.60 Aa	55.28 ABb
	N2	79.30 Aa	70.74 Aa	62.25 Aa	81.20 Aa	73.88 Aa	58.02 Aa
	N3	78.82 Aa	70.21 Aab	59.51 Aab	81.10 Aa	69.96 Ab	54.87 ABb
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	79.70 Ab	66.56 Ab	53.58 Abc	78.29 Ab	63.58 Ab	50.99 Ab
	N1	80.63 Aab	69.17 Aab	55.16 Aab	79.68 Aab	67.91 Aab	53.97 Aab
	N2	81.98 Aa	70.12 Aa	57.07 Aa	81.74 Aa	70.23 Aa	57.75 Aa
	N3	81.00 Aab	69.90 Aab	52.33 Ac	81.81 Aa	69.68 Aa	52.19 Aab
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	80.10 Ab	70.70 Aa	63.10 Bc	77.93 Ac	68.99 Ab	60.85 Bc
	N1	80.14 Ab	71.22 Aa	65.89 ABb	81.08 Aab	70.25 Aab	64.05 ABb
	N2	82.71 Aa	71.61 Aa	68.72 Aa	82.31 Aa	72.98 Aa	67.78 Aa
	N3	81.51 Aab	71.29 Aa	61.67 Bc	79.72 Abc	71.89 Aa	59.54 Bc
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	81.12 Aa	69.46 Ab	45.15 Bc	79.77 Aa	68.36 Ab	45.56 Cc
	N1	81.24 Aa	70.00 Aab	48.99 ABbc	80.56 Aa	68.97 Ab	48.14 BCb
	N2	82.51 Aa	70.63 Aa	53.11 Aab	80.68 Aa	70.13 Aa	52.32 ABa
	N3	82.01 Aa	69.21 Ab	54.13 Aa	79.44 Aa	68.87 Ab	54.67 Aa

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	2017				2018
品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	粒长 KL (mm)	长宽比 L/W	垩白粒率 CR (%)	垩白度 CD (%)	粒长 KL (mm)	长宽比 L/W	垩白粒率 CR (%)	垩白度 CD (%)
美香新占 Meixiang xinzhan	N0	6.07 Aa	3.12 Aa	13.90 Aa	2.95 Aa	6.05 Aa	3.18 Aa	18.00 Aa	5.17 Aa
	N1	6.12 Aa	3.16 Aa	12.94 ABa	2.63 Aa	6.30 Aa	3.33 Aa	15.04 Bb	3.64 Bb
	N2	6.15 Aa	3.17 Aa	10.98 BCb	2.45 ABb	6.35 Aa	3.35 Aa	13.12 Cc	3.17 Bc
	N3	6.28 Aa	3.23 Aa	9.90 Cb	2.30 Bb	6.42 Aa	3.36 Aa	11.89 Cd	2.59 Cd
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	5.91 Aa	3.00 Aa	18.94 Aa	3.91 Aa	6.23 Aa	3.33 Ab	18.62 Aa	5.59 Aa
	N1	5.99 Aa	3.02 Aa	17.18 Aab	2.91 Bb	6.59 Aa	3.57 Aab	17.41 Aa	4.70 Bb
	N2	6.06 Aa	3.05 Aa	13.90 Bc	2.65 Bb	6.62 Aa	3.59 Aab	15.68 Ab	3.76 Cc
	N3	6.13 Aa	3.09 Aa	10.29 Cd	2.15 Bb	6.69 Aa	3.65 Aa	11.57 Ac	2.55 Dd
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	6.15 Aa	3.27 Ab	21.05 Aa	6.14 Aa	5.73 Bb	3.02 Aa	23.76 Aa	11.58 Aa
	N1	6.19 Aa	3.31 Aab	18.73 ABb	5.41 ABab	5.93 Bb	3.16 Aa	19.77 Bb	9.21 Bb
	N2	6.23 Aa	3.38 Aab	17.25 ABbc	4.95 Bb	6.56 Aa	3.19 Aa	15.75 Cc	6.56 Cc
	N3	6.33 Aa	3.45 Aa	16.21 Bc	4.20 Bb	6.75 Aa	3.24 Aa	15.23 Cc	6.54 Cc
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	6.17 Aa	3.02 Ab	18.35 Aa	7.47 Aa	6.04 Aa	3.04 Aa	18.06 Aa	5.88 Aa
	N1	6.22 Aa	3.06 Aab	17.71 Aa	6.70 ABa	6.05 Aa	3.11 Aa	14.61 Bb	4.43 Bb
	N2	6.29 Aa	3.18 Aab	14.24 Ab	5.41 Bb	6.20 Aa	3.20 Aa	10.36 Cc	2.85 Cc
	N3	6.37 Aa	3.28 Aa	7.43 Bc	4.97 Bb	6.21 Aa	3.21 Aa	9.96 Cc	2.72 Cc

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	2017			2018
品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	直链淀粉含量 AC (%)	胶稠度 GC (mm)	蛋白质含量 PC (%)	直链淀粉含量 AC (%)	胶稠度 GC (mm)	蛋白质含量 PC (%)
美香新占	N0	19.34 Aa	62.0 Bc	6.10 Bc	17.95 Aa	63.2 Cc	6.5 Bc
Meixiang xinzhan	N1	18.05 ABb	68.5 ABb	7.90 Ab	17.32 Aab	69.5 Bb	7.8 Ab
	N2	17.52 Bbc	76.5 Aa	7.95 Ab	16.19 ABbc	75.9 Aa	8.5 Aa
	N3	16.90 Bc	77.5 Aa	8.80 Aa	15.94 Bc	78.3 Aa	8.9 Aa
泰优398	N0	16.46 Aa	64.5 Bc	6.35 Dd	15.53 Aa	65.9 Ac	6.6 Cd
Taiyou 398	N1	15.74 Aab	68.0 ABbc	8.05 Cc	13.88 Bb	68.6 Abc	8.2 Bc
	N2	15.26 Ab	69.5 ABab	8.70 Bb	13.57 Bbc	70.9 Aab	9.3 ABb
	N3	15.23 Ab	73.0 Aa	9.70 Aa	12.85 Bc	73.5 Aa	10.1 Aa
天优华占	N0	23.78 Aa	65.8 Ab	7.10 Ab	22.51 Aa	68.8 Ab	6.7 Bc
Tianyouhuazhan	N1	22.51 ABa	66.5 Ab	7.25 Aab	18.93 Bb	71.5 Ab	7.5 ABb
	N2	19.53 BCb	75.8 Aa	7.35 Aab	18.26 Bbc	78.3 Aa	8.3 Aa
	N3	19.01 Cb	76.0 Aa	7.70 Aa	17.68 Bc	79.2 Aa	8.8 Aa
黄华占	N0	17.92 Aa	49.5 Bc	6.35 Cc	16.11 Aa	53.6 Cc	7.4 Cc
Huanghuazhan	N1	15.26 Bb	56.0 ABb	8.00 Bb	14.02 Bb	60.5 Bb	8.1 BCb
	N2	13.71 Bc	58.0 Ab	8.40 ABb	12.36 Bbc	62.6 ABb	8.7 ABb
	N3	13.41 Bbc	62.0 Aa	9.20 Aa	11.47 Bc	66.1 Aa	9.6 Aa

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	峰值黏度 Peak viscosity (cP)	热浆黏度 Trough viscosity (cP)	崩解值 Breakdown (cP)	最终黏度 Final viscosity (cP)	消减值 Setback (cP)	糊化温度 Pasting temperature (℃)
美香新占	N0	3073.0 Aa	1777.5 Aa	1295.5 Aa	3002.5 Aa	-70.5 Dd	75.13 Bb
Meixiang xinzhan	N1	2860.0 ABb	1691.5 ABab	1168.5 ABb	2865.0 ABb	5.0 Cc	75.70 ABb
	N2	2727.0 Bbc	1676.5 ABb	1050.5 Bc	2749.0 BCc	22.0 Bb	76.65 ABb
	N3	2644.5 Bc	1608.5 Bb	1036.0 Bc	2694.0 Cc	49.5 Aa	78.23 Aa
泰优398	N0	3322.0 Aa	2036.0 Aa	1286.0 Aa	3134.5 Aa	-187.5 Dd	75.15 Ab
Taiyou 398	N1	3025.0 ABb	1958.0 ABa	1067.0 Bb	2946.5 ABb	-78.5 Cc	75.48 Ab
	N2	2794.0 ABbc	1792.5 BCb	1001.5 BCc	2833.5 Bbc	39.5 Bb	76.35 Aab
	N3	2641.0 Bc	1657.0 Cc	984.0 Cc	2745.0 Bc	104.0 Aa	77.33 Aa
天优华占	N0	2941.5 Aa	1839.0 Aa	1102.5 Aa	3093.5 Aa	152.0 Cd	76.75 Ab
Tianyouhuazhan	N1	2862.0 ABa	1838.0 Aa	1024.0 ABb	3022.5 Aab	160.5 Cc	77.13 Ab
	N2	2722.5 ABb	1782.0 Ab	940.5 Bc	2920.5 Ab	198.0 Bb	78.58 Aa
	N3	2668.0 Bb	1728.50 Ab	939.5 Bc	2896.5 Ab	228.5 Aa	78.78 Aa
黄华占	N0	3075.5 Aa	1835.0 Aa	1240.5 Aa	2923.5 Aa	-152.0 Dd	72.50 Bb
Huanghuazhan	N1	2895.5 ABb	1759.5 Aab	1136.0 ABb	2805.0 ABb	-90.5 Cc	73.65 ABb
	N2	2785.0 Bbc	1696.0 Ab	1089.0 Bbc	2747.5 Bb	-37.5 Bb	74.15 ABab
	N3	2698.0 Bc	1638.0 Ab	1060.0 Bc	2740.5 Bb	42.5 Aa	75.63 Aa

变异来源 Source of variation	年份 Y	品种 C	氮肥用量 N	年份×品种 Y×C	年份×氮肥用量 Y×N	品种×氮肥用量 C×N	年份×品种× 氮肥用量 Y×C×N
自由度 df	1	3	3	3	3	9	9
穗数Panicle	5.901^*	77.14^**	207.66^**	24.78^**	4.36^*	3.82^**	4.02^**
每穗粒数Spikelets per panicle	152.87^**	296.40^**	408.01^**	21.06^**	17.81^**	19.28^**	1.62
总颖花量Total number of spikelets	210.24^**	321.75^**	1093.84^**	68.89^**	8.42^**	11.22^**	1.54
结实率Filled-grain percentage	9.93^**	57.27^**	18.05^**	33.18^**	1.54	0.92	0.35
千粒重1000-kernel weight	61.28^**	201.49^**	7.07^**	4.97^**	0.07	1.41	0.31
产量Yield	4.37^*	32.19^**	713.21^**	9.56^**	14.47^**	7.51^**	0.95
F_0.05	4.16	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.19	2.19
F_0.01	7.53	4.48	4.48	4.48	4.48	3.04	3.04

Effect of nitrogen application on yield and rice quality of mechanical transplanting high quality late rice

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变异来源 Source of variation	年份 Y	品种 C	氮肥用量 N	年份×品种 Y×C	年份×氮肥用量 Y×N	品种×氮肥用量 C×N	年份×品种× 氮肥用量 Y×C×N
自由度 df	1	3	3	3	3	9	9
糙米率 BR	1.85	4.09^*	10.73^**	5.12^**	1.77	0.58	0.83
精米率 MR	0.46	7.96^**	11.52^**	4.17^*	0.58	2.24^*	1.14
整精米率 HMR	41.85^**	409.36^**	65.81^**	11.92^**	0.76	15.25^**	0.54
长宽比 L/W	33.99^**	11.76^**	18.89^**	61.26^**	1.90	0.39	0.53
垩白粒率 CR	2011.08^**	2241.82^**	1185.19^**	3517.08^**	30.86^**	37.38^**	26.37^**
垩白度 CD	616.49^**	7547.28^**	2116.79^**	8743.70^**	154.42^**	52.60^**	99.76^**
直链淀粉含量 AC	385.15^**	1162.91^**	326.03^**	8.88^**	5.38^**	20.13^**	6.28^**
蛋白质含量 PC	57.15^**	439.02^**	277.98^**	8.77^**	0.32	9.84^**	0.37
胶稠度 GC	69.15^**	62.814^**	515.17^**	3.46^*	5.72^**	16.93^**	5.73^**
峰值黏度 PKV	10.43^**	18.63^**	113.98^**	11.16^**	2.13	6.07^**	0.50
热浆黏度 THV	46.93^**	93.56^**	33.68^**	38.51^**	17.88^**	14.35^**	1.86
崩解值 BKD	486.79^**	85.67^**	516.85^**	83.93^**	15.58^**	5.28^**	8.78^**
最终黏度 FLV	19.92^**	78.08^**	18.96^**	28.89^**	8.84^**	3.79^**	0.88
消减值 STB	769.98^**	30348.16^**	16690.88^**	7333.67^**	1416.93^**	409.35^**	359.09^**
糊化温度 PAT	58.79^**	89.87^**	3.75^*	52.58^**	0.53	0.10	0.14
F_0.05	4.16	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.19	2.19
F_0.01	7.53	4.48	4.48	4.48	4.48	3.04	3.04

指标 Index	糙米率 BR	精米率 MR	整精米率 HMR	垩白粒率 CR	垩白度 CD	直链淀含量 AC	胶稠度 GC	蛋白质含量 PC	峰值黏度PKV	热浆黏度THV	崩解值BKD	最终黏度 FLV	消减值STB
精米率 MR	0.485	—
整精米率 HMR	0.178	0.576^*	—
垩白粒率 CR	-0.258	-0.174	0.180	—
垩白度 CD	-0.134	-0.048	0.228	0.819^**	—
直链淀粉含量AC	-0.360	0.259	0.626^**	0.691^**	0.694^**	—
蛋白质含量PC	0.238	0.462	0.720^**	-0.248	-0.320	0.216	—
胶稠度 GC	0.614^*	0.287	-0.050	-0.783^**	-0.620^*	-0.630^**	0.387	—
峰值黏度PKV	-0.511^*	-0.588^*	-0.168	0.763^**	0.432	0.309	-0.404	-0.836^**	—
热浆黏度THV	-0.281	-0.316	0.360	0.691^**	0.344	0.464	0.201	-0.600^*	0.785^**	—
崩解值BKD	-0.544^*	-0.604^*	-0.574^*	0.566^*	0.395	0.093	-0.812^**	-0.741^**	0.808^**	0.274	—
最终黏度FLV	-0.384	-0.019	0.636^**	0.649^**	0.448	0.773^**	0.382	-0.635^**	0.568^*	0.869^**	0.078	—
消减值STB	0.200	0.651^**	0.823^**	-0.225	-0.047	0.416	0.841^**	0.321	-0.575^*	-0.030	-0.843^**	0.347	—
糊化温度PAT	-0.257	0.467	0.651^**	-0.138	-0.259	0.487	0.768^**	-0.025	-0.226	0.163	-0.496	0.502^*	0.755^**

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	日平均温度 Daily mean temperature (℃)	日最高温度 Daily maximum temperature (℃)	日最低温度 Daily minimum temperature (℃)	日平均温差 Daily mean temperature difference (℃)	日平均光照时数 Daily mean illumination hours (h)
2017
美香新占 Meixiangxinzhan	N0	20.34	23.97	16.81	7.16	7.14
	N1	20.41	23.18	16.24	6.94	6.87
	N2	19.52	22.98	16.11	6.87	6.54
	N3	19.14	22.78	15.98	6.80	6.17
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	23.87	25.49	19.68	5.81	6.87
	N1	23.24	25.12	19.37	5.75	6.69
	N2	22.17	24.41	19.25	5.16	6.26
	N3	19.98	24.19	19.07	5.12	5.76
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	22.56	25.17	18.23	6.94	6.58
	N1	21.49	24.98	18.25	6.73	6.12
	N2	21.05	24.52	17.92	6.60	5.56
	N3	19.88	23.91	17.24	6.67	5.24
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	22.59	25.74	17.86	7.88	6.97
	N1	22.11	25.24	17.53	7.71	6.68
	N2	21.47	24.56	16.97	7.59	6.25
	N3	20.41	23.87	16.54	7.33	6.16
2018
美香新占 Meixiangxinzhan	N0	21.02	25.06	17.03	8.03	7.05
	N1	20.56	24.33	16.54	7.79	6.98
	N2	19.61	23.57	15.69	7.88	6.57
	N3	19.41	23.12	15.40	7.72	6.21
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	24.90	26.57	21.28	5.29	6.66
	N1	23.45	25.98	20.95	5.03	6.25
	N2	22.35	24.56	20.41	4.15	5.78
	N3	22.04	24.22	19.88	4.34	5.52
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	22.76	26.32	19.23	7.09	6.15
	N1	22.46	26.12	18.84	7.28	5.57
	N2	21.15	25.74	18.35	7.39	5.68
	N3	20.94	25.16	18.02	7.14	5.21
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	22.75	26.63	18.91	7.72	6.72
	N1	22.13	25.93	18.46	7.47	6.34
	N2	21.58	25.12	18.17	6.95	5.97
	N3	20.97	24.95	17.76	7.19	6.04

指标 Index	日平均温度 Daily mean temperature (°C)	日最高温度 Daily maximum temperature (°C)	日最低温度 Daily minimum temperature (°C)	日平均温差 Daily mean temperature difference (°C)	日平均光照时数 Daily mean illumination hours (h)
糙米率 BR	-0.328	-0.451	-0.120	-0.207	-0.473
精米率 MR	-0.712^**	-0.470	-0.593*	0.406	-0.116
整精米率 HMR	-0.246	-0.075	-0.119	0.097	-0.505^*
粒长 KL	-0.202	-0.458	0.095	-0.498^*	-0.449
长宽比 L/W	0.031	-0.493	0.277	-0.768^**	-0.202
垩白率 CR	0.554^*	0.668^**	0.397	0.016	0.178
垩白度 CD	0.398	0.664^**	0.280	0.167	-0.159
直链淀粉含量 AC	-0.056	0.229	-0.200	0.451	0.099
蛋白质含量 PC	-0.457	-0.541^*	-0.259	-0.095	-0.540^*
胶稠度 GC	-0.400	-0.596^*	-0.096	-0.357	-0.588^*
峰值黏度 PKV	0.737^**	0.685^**	0.486	-0.089	0.614^*
热浆黏度THV	0.869^**	0.793^**	0.749^**	-0.350	0.169
崩解值 BKD	0.353	0.343	0.055	0.206	0.861^**
最终黏度 FLV	0.680^**	0.758^**	0.506^*	-0.057	0.187
消减值 STB	-0.401	-0.236	-0.212	0.077	-0.747^**
糊化温度 PAT	-0.394	-0.422	-0.202	-0.075	-0.609^*

[1]	Hu Chuan, Zhao Kai-Nan, Huang Xiu-Li, Wu Jin-Zhi, Ren Kai-Ming, Wang He-Zheng, Fu Guo-Zhan, Huang Ming, Li You-Jun. Effects of tillage methods and nitrogen rates on yield and quality of dryland wheat under one-off irrigation [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(6): 1830-1846.
[2]	Ma Sheng-Qian, Wang Zhi-Ping, Chen Hao-Tian, Dou Shu-Xian, Zhang Yan, Deng Ai-Xing, Zhang Wei-Jian, Yuan Xiang-Yang, Song Zhen-Wei. Effects of tillage methods and nitrogen application rate on maize yield and soil aggregates in northeastern China under straw returning [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(6): 1802-1816.
[3]	Zhang Si-Si, Zhao Xiang-Hui, Zhou Yang, Yao Yun-Feng, Zhu Rong-Yu, Dong Yuan-Jie, Hu Guo-Qing, Xu Tong, Liu Zhao-Xin. Effects of plowing and green manure returning in winter fallow period on soil physicochemical properties and yield in continuously cropped peanut [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1472-1486.
[4]	Zhang Ning-Ning, Teng Yu-Fei, Ren Na-Na, Wei Xing-Zhuo, Yan Shu-Hao, Fan Ke-Xin, Wang Yong-Hong, Chen Wen-Kang, Zhang Xing-Hua, Zhu Wan-Chao, Xu Shu-Tu, Xue Ji-Quan. Phenotypic evaluation and plasticity analysis of drought resistance in 201 maize inbred lines [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1309-1325.
[5]	Wang Yu-Cheng, Zhang Lu, Liu A-Kang, Huang Jian-Liang, Peng Shao-Bing, Yuan Shen. Strategies and prospects for large-scale crop yield improvement based on yield gap [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1279-1290.
[6]	Zhang Zhen, Feng Lian-Jie, Shi Yu, Yu Zhen-Wen, Zhang Yong-Li. Yield formation of wheat with different ear types under water-saving supplementary irrigation conditions [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1522-1535.
[7]	Yan An, Jiang Kun-Wei, Wang Rong-Yuan, Tian Lin, Zhang Lu, Wang Yun, Xu Jian-Long. Identification and cloning of SVN7 controlling small vascular bundle number in the rice flag leaf [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372.
[8]	Liu Xin-Meng, Ren Hao, Zhang Ji-Bo, Zhang Ji-Wang, Zhao Bin, Ren Bai-Zhao, Liu Peng, Wang Hong-Zhang. Physiological mechanisms of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) alleviating the effects of heat stress on ear differentiation in maize [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1561-1572.
[9]	Wang Zhuang-Zhuang, Wu Zi-Jun, Zhang Yong-Xin, Zhang Xin-Yuan, Yuan Li-Xue, Chen Ru-Xue, Liu Shi-Ju, Duan Jian-Zhao, Feng Wei, Wang Tong-Chao, Wang Yong-Hua. Optimized water-nitrogen synergy enhances winter wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency in clay-loam fluvo-aquic soils of southeastern Henan, China [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1501-1521.
[10]	Zhang Hong-Rong, Wang Fei-Er, Li Pan, Qiu Hai-Long, Zhu Jing, Zhao Lian-Hao, Nan Yun-You, He Wei, Fan Zhi-Long, Hu Fa-Long, Chai Qiang, Yin Wen. Photosynthetic characteristics of 20% reduced irrigation combined with 25% organic substitution for chemical fertilizer in increasing silage maize yield [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1487-1500.
[11]	Zhao Jia-Xue, Zhou Long-Hao, Guo Qi-Yuan, Shang Lun-Xiao, Wang Han, Liu Zhi-Tao, Chen Xi, Zhang Xiao-Pei, Song Xian-Liang, Ahmedov Miraziz Baltaevich, Mao Li-Li. Long-term stubble return and subsoiling enhance cotton yields in coastal saline-alkali soils by improving soil conditions and photosynthetic characteristics [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1548-1560.
[12]	Guo Xing-Yu, Hu Dan, Lin Su-Qi, Wang Meng-Kai, Tan Wen-Feng, Huang Chuan-Qin. Biochar combined with chemical fertilizer increases maize yield and soil ecosystem multifunctionality in an intercropped maize-soybean [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547.
[13]	Cai Hong-Wei, Yu Ai-Zhong, Jiang Ke-Qiang, Wang Peng-Fei, Wang Yu-Long, Huo Jian-Zhe, Pang Xiao-Neng, Yin Bo, Shang Yong-Pan. Key mechanisms underlying the enhancement of sweet maize yield through partial substitution of chemical fertilizers with organic manure in arid irrigation districts [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(4): 1166-1180.
[14]	Cui Xue-Mei, Liu Yan-Di, Liu Jing-Hui, Mi Jun-Zhen, Wu Jun-Ying, Zhao Bao-Ping. Study on the relationship between physiological characteristics of superior and inferior grains with yield in different oat genotypes [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(4): 1220-1235.
[15]	Yang Rui, Chen Jing-Dong, Huang Ying, Zhang Xue-Kun, Zhou Deng-Wen, Liu Qing-Yun, Xu Jin-Song, Xie Ling-Li, Xu Ben-Bo. Study on breeding and cultivation strategies for winter rapeseed to cope with climate change in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(4): 1153-1165.