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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1824-1833.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04212

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of agronomic traits and P/Fe utilization efficiency to P application with different P efficiency in soybean

ZHAO Jing(), MENG Fan-Gang, YU De-Bin, QIU Qiang, ZHANG Ming-Hao, RAO De-Min, CONG Bo-Tao, ZHANG Wei*(), YAN Xiao-Yan*()   

  1. National Engineering Research Center of Soybean / Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
  • Received:2020-09-18 Accepted:2021-01-21 Online:2021-09-12 Published:2021-03-01
  • Contact: ZHANG Wei,YAN Xiao-Yan E-mail:zhao114434260@163.com;zw.0431@163.com;yanxy8548@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China “Physiological Basis and Agronomic Management for High-quality and High-yield of Field Cash Crops”(2018YFD1000905);Demonstration and Popularization of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology in Jilin Province(2020-004)

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Abstract:

The phosphorus content in soil is closely related to the iron absorption in plant. In this study, 15 agronomic traits were analyzed by principal component analysis in sand culture and split blot design, with P-efficient and P-inefficient soybean varieties screened in the early stage as the experimental materials. To analyze the relationship between agronomic traits and P/Fe utilization efficiency, and to provide the theoretical basis for the rational application of P and Fe fertilizer in soybean, the effects of different P:Fe ratios on biological traits and genotypic differences were studied in response to P-efficient and P-inefficient genotypes under different P:Fe treatments by factor scores in soybean. The results were as follows: (1) At R5 stage, plant height, stem diameter, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight of P-efficient genotypes were increased relatively rapidly under each treatment, and all of them were higher than those of P-inefficient genotypes. When P:Fe ratio was 100:100, root dry weight per plant at R5 stage was lower, while 100-seed weight was higher. In addition, when P:Fe ratio was 100:100, P utilization efficiency of the two soybean genotypes were the lowest. (2) Canonical correlation analysis revealed that stem diameter at R5 stage of P-efficient genotypes was positively correlated with Fe utilization efficiency in leaves, while shoot dry weight of P-inefficient genotypes was negatively correlated with P utilization efficiency in leaves. (3) The increase of P utilization efficiency of leaves at R3 stage and shoot dry weight at R8 stage were beneficial to the increase of seed weight per plant of P-efficient genotypes, while the increase of P-efficient genotypes at R3 stage would lead to the decrease of seed weight per plant of P-efficient genotypes. The increase of plant height at R3 stage, shoot dry weight at R3 and R8 stages contributed to the increase of seed weight per plant of P-inefficient genotypes, while the increase of stem diameter at R3, R5, and R8 stages, and Fe utilization efficiency of leaves at R5 stage resulted in the decrease of seed weight per plant of P-inefficient genotypes. Furthermore, shoot dry weight at R8 stage had the largest direct positive contribution to both P-efficient and P-inefficient genotypes. (4) Comprehensive evaluation by factor score showed that when P:Fe ≤ 100:100, the comprehensive performance of P-efficient genotypes and P- inefficient genotypes were the best when P:Fe ratio was 100:100. When P:Fe ≥ 500:100, the comprehensive performance of P-efficient genotypes and P-inefficient genotypes were the best when P:Fe ratio was 1000:100. In conclusion, the early stage of seed filling can be an important stage for screening soybean genotypes with different P efficiency. P:Fe ratio at 1:1 was better for both P-efficient and P-inefficient genotypes under sufficient Fe supply, considering the accumulation of phosphate fertilizer in soil and effect of phytates in seed on P efficiency.

Key words: P-efficient, P-inefficient, agronomic traits, P utilization efficiency, Fe utilization efficiency

Table 1

Experimental design of main plots"

处理
Treatment 		磷浓度
P concentration
(μmol L-1) 		磷:铁
P:Fe
CK 0 0:100
P1 100 100:100
P2 500 500:100
P3 1000 1000:100

Fig. 1

Effects of P:Fe ratios on agronomic traits of different soybean genotypes R3: initial podding stage; R5: seed filling stage; R8: maturity stage."

Fig. 2

Effects of P:Fe ratios on P/Fe utilization efficiency of different soybean genotypes R3: initial podding stage; R5: seed filling stage; R8: maturity stage."

Table 2

Canonical correlation analysis of photosynthetic chlorophyll parameters with P and Fe traits under different P:Fe ratios in soybean"

基因型
Genotype 		典型相关系数
Canonical correlation coefficient 		P值P-value 典型向量
Canonical variables
磷高效基因型 P-efficient
genotypes 		0.92 0.0145 UE = - 0.1774X1 + 0.3527X2 - 0.5376X3 + 0.6918X4 - 0.8259X5 + 1.6345X6 + 0.3873X7 - 0.5418X8 - 0.3599X9 + 0.0221X10 - 0.7607X11 + 0.8133X12 - 0.0339X13
VE = 0.4051Y1 + 0.6116Y2 - 0.4141Y3 + 0.2499Y4 - 0.3933Y5 + 0.3567Y6
磷低效基因型 P-inefficient
genotypes 		0.98 0.0059 UIE = 0.7518X1 - 0.2609X2 - 0.2263X3 - 0.4150X4 - 0.5712X5 + 0.4853X6 - 0.4017X7 + 0.8477X8 + 0.3437X9 + 0.2264X10 - 0.1210X11 - 0.2134X12 + 0.0590X13
VIE = 0.5590Y1 - 0.6724Y2 + 0.0917Y3 - 0.6286Y4 - 0.7682Y5 + 0.6182Y6

Table 3

Stepwise regression equation of grain weight per plant"

基因型
Genotype 		回归方程
Regression equation 		决定系数
R2 		P值
P-value 		剩余标准差
Residual standard deviation 		杜宾-沃森检验
Durbin-Watson test
磷高效基因型
P-efficient genotypes 		WE= 1.34 - 0.60X3 + 0.25X12 + 1.02Y4 0.89 1.00E-07 0.0118 2.20
磷低效基因型
P-inefficient genotypes 		WIE = 6.84 + 0.027X1- 0.67X2+ 0.22X4 - 0.87X6 - 0.74X10 + 0.24X12- 0.22Y2 0.87 5.41E-06 0.0196 1.62

Table 4

Path analysis of grain weight per plant and traits of P-efficient soybean genotypes"

变量
Variable 		直接通径系数
Direct path coefficient 		→X3 →X12 →Y4
X3 -0.2481 -0.0755 0.0791
X12 0.9028 0.0208 -0.0083
Y4 0.1610 -0.1220 -0.0465

Table 5

Path analysis between grain weight per plant and all traits of P-inefficient soybean genotypes"

变量
Variable 		直接通径系数
Direct path
coefficient 		→X1 →X2 →X4 →X6 →X10 →X12 →Y2
X1 0.2277 0.1770 0.2169 -0.2246 -0.0942 0.1118 0.0425
X2 -0.4223 0.0954 0.1693 -0.1133 0.0647 -0.1678 0.0080
X4 0.3424 0.1442 -0.2088 -0.1718 -0.1147 0.1520 0.0236
X6 -0.4367 0.1171 -0.1096 0.1347 0.0029 -0.0101 0.0182
X10 -0.4472 0.0479 0.0610 0.0878 0.0029 0.4820 0.0480
X12 0.7848 0.0324 0.0903 0.0663 0.0056 -0.2746 0.0470
Y2 -0.1587 -0.0610 0.0214 -0.0509 0.0501 0.1354 -0.2326

Table 6

Comprehensive evaluation of P-efficient genotypes under different treatments"

处理Treatment 基因型
Genotype 		C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 CE ACE
CK 长农15 Changnong 15 -0.543 0.283 0.114 -0.045 -0.022 0.042 -0.171 -0.265
吉育69 Jiyu 69 -0.923 0.392 -0.073 -0.184 0.023 -0.154 -0.919
九农36 Jiunong 36 1.191 -0.432 -0.188 -0.218 0.081 -0.122 0.312
吉农23 Jinong 23 -1.036 -0.340 0.130 -0.112 -0.097 0.056 -1.399
吉育95 Jiyu 95 -0.311 0.135 0.013 -0.058 -0.004 -0.046 -0.270
抗线6号Kangxian 6 0.736 -0.013 0.410 -0.144 -0.069 -0.062 0.857
P1 长农15 Changnong 15 -0.197 0.275 0.399 0.241 0.057 -0.009 0.765 0.127
吉育69 Jiyu 69 -1.117 0.379 0.077 0.071 0.088 -0.036 -0.538
九农36 Jiunong 36 1.149 -0.463 0.318 0.108 0.035 0.065 1.212
吉农23 Jinong 23 -0.742 -0.313 0.232 -0.106 0.034 0.057 -0.838
吉育95 Jiyu 95 0.008 -0.258 0.315 0.032 -0.045 -0.006 0.048
抗线6 Kangxian 6 -0.057 -0.191 0.307 -0.020 0.023 0.053 0.114
P2 长农15 Changnong 15 -0.190 0.517 0.001 0.012 0.025 0.055 0.421 0.019
吉育69 Jiyu 69 -0.538 0.068 0.244 -0.041 -0.080 0.035 -0.312
九农36 Jiunong 36 0.266 -0.396 -0.346 -0.091 0.175 0.003 -0.390
吉农23 Jinong 23 -0.732 -0.199 -0.340 -0.187 0.076 0.128 -1.254
吉育95 Jiyu 95 0.386 0.162 -0.306 0.112 -0.025 0.037 0.365
抗线6 Kangxian 6 0.625 0.047 0.329 0.195 0.147 -0.058 1.285
P3 长农15 Changnong 15 -0.942 0.071 -0.446 0.237 0.024 -0.007 -1.064 0.119
吉育69 Jiyu 69 -0.930 0.194 -0.095 -0.039 -0.167 -0.060 -1.098
九农36 Jiunong 36 1.139 -0.671 -0.142 0.053 -0.143 -0.035 0.202
吉农23 Jinong 23 -0.363 -0.156 -0.461 0.016 -0.023 0.015 -0.973
吉育95 Jiyu 95 0.606 -0.086 -0.341 0.329 -0.082 -0.025 0.402
抗线6号Kangxian 6 2.517 0.996 -0.151 -0.161 -0.032 0.074 3.243

Table 7

Comprehensive evaluation of P-inefficient genotypes under different treatments"

处理 Treatment 基因型
Genotype 		C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 CE ACE
CK 合丰25 Hefeng 25 0.040 -0.624 0.120 -0.105 -0.031 -0.045 0.017 -0.628 -0.096
吉农18 Jinong 18 -0.062 -0.891 -0.019 0.052 0.108 -0.041 -0.060 -0.913
欧科豆25 Oukedou 25 0.247 0.237 0.093 0.021 0.116 0.039 -0.002 0.752
九农27 Jiunong 27 0.206 0.879 0.324 -0.021 0.073 -0.070 -0.011 1.379
吉农21 Jinong 21 -0.490 0.384 0.005 -0.218 0.146 -0.073 -0.035 -0.281
绥农22 Suinong 22 0.166 -0.737 -0.193 -0.335 0.166 0.077 -0.028 -0.884
P1 合丰25 Hefeng 25 -0.927 -0.445 0.229 0.224 0.006 0.022 -0.003 -0.895 0.106
吉农18 Jinong 18 0.279 -0.237 0.006 0.159 0.160 0.056 0.028 0.451
欧科豆25 Oukedou 25 -0.317 0.209 -0.116 0.050 0.035 0.006 -0.041 -0.174
九农27 Jiunong 27 1.376 -0.051 0.280 0.102 0.043 -0.098 0.000 1.652
吉农21 Jinong 21 0.428 -0.359 -0.041 0.095 0.061 -0.104 0.010 0.090
绥农22 Suinong 22 -0.837 0.360 -0.177 0.199 0.073 -0.096 -0.009 -0.487
P2 合丰25 Hefeng 25 -0.395 -0.254 -0.006 0.175 -0.121 -0.005 -0.001 -0.607 -0.075
吉农18 Jinong 18 -0.117 0.071 0.227 0.047 0.067 0.253 0.114 0.662
处理 Treatment 基因型
Genotype 		C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 CE ACE
欧科豆25 Oukedou 25 -0.304 0.333 0.034 0.018 -0.006 -0.063 0.031 0.043
九农27 Jiunong 27 0.932 -0.035 0.054 -0.186 -0.100 -0.047 0.026 0.646
吉农21 Jinong 21 -0.543 0.424 -0.067 -0.165 0.060 -0.021 -0.030 -0.342
绥农22 Suinong 22 -0.551 0.031 -0.318 -0.048 -0.062 -0.081 0.179 -0.850
P3 合丰25 Hefeng 25 -0.502 -0.469 0.150 -0.073 -0.222 0.058 -0.031 -1.090 0.064
吉农18 Jinong 18 1.439 0.200 -0.542 0.172 -0.037 0.075 -0.022 1.285
欧科豆25 Oukedou 25 -0.272 0.333 -0.059 0.040 -0.109 0.095 -0.163 -0.137
九农27 Jiunong 27 0.907 0.057 0.124 -0.055 -0.231 -0.046 0.004 0.761
吉农21 Jinong 21 0.156 0.585 0.002 -0.091 -0.043 0.138 0.025 0.772
绥农22 Suinong 22 -0.860 0.001 -0.110 -0.057 -0.155 -0.029 0.006 -1.204
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