欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (01): 137-143.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00137

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬小麦–夏玉米周年生产条件下夏玉米的适宜熟期与积温需求特性

任佰朝**,高飞**,魏玉君,董树亭,赵斌,刘鹏,张吉旺   

  1. 山东农业大学农学院 / 作物生物学国家重点实验室，山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-13 修回日期:2017-09-10 出版日期:2018-01-12 网络出版日期:2017-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 张吉旺, Tel: 0538-8241485, E-mail: jwzhang@sdau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项(SQ2017YFNC050063)，国家自然科学基金项目(31671629)和国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-02-20)资助。

Suitable Maturity Period and Accumulated Temperature of Summer Maize in Wheat–maize Double Cropping System

REN Bai-Zhao**, GAO Fei**, WEI Yu-Jun, DONG Shu-Ting, ZHAO Bin, LIU Peng,ZHANG Ji-Wang*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
  • Received:2017-03-13 Revised:2017-09-10 Published:2018-01-12 Published online:2017-09-28
  • Contact: 张吉旺, Tel: 0538-8241485, E-mail: jwzhang@sdau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the State Key Research and Development Program “Food Production Enhancement and Efficiency Innovation” Key Special Project (SQ2017YFNC050063), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671629), and the National Modern Agricultural Technology & Industry System (CARS-02-20).

RichHTML

7

PDF

1507

摘要：

本研究旨在探讨冬小麦–夏玉米周年生产条件下黄淮海区夏玉米的适宜熟期与积温需求特性。选用郑单958 (ZD958)、先玉335 (XY335)、登海605 (DH605)、登海618 (DH618)和登海661 (DH661)，设置5月21日、5月31日、6月10日和6月20日4个播期，研究表明，播期对夏玉米生理成熟所需积温无显著影响，各品种生理成熟所需要的积温主要取决于品种自身的特性，DH618、XY335、ZD958、DH605、DH661的生育期和生理成熟所需要积温分别为110、112、116、116、121 d和2800、2880、2945、2950、3025°C d。冬小麦夏玉米周年生产条件下，夏玉米最大可能的生长期约107~112 d (自6月15日至10月1~5日)，积温约2800°C d，难以满足现有品种的生产需要。夏玉米直播晚收、冬小麦适期晚播有利于周年产量提高，但目前广泛推广的夏玉米品种生育期过长(约120 d)，适时晚收仍难以完全生理成熟，机收籽粒损伤严重。可见，冬小麦–夏玉米周年生产条件下夏玉米最大可能的生长期和有效积温不能满足目前广泛推广的夏玉米品种所需生育持续期和积温，且适时晚收仍难以完全生理成熟，黄淮海区亟需生育期适宜(生育期≤107 d)的高产夏玉米新品种。

关键词: 夏玉米, 积温, 生育期

Abstract:

Five summer maize hybrids Zhengdan 958 (ZD958), Xianyu 335 (XY335), Denghai 605 (DH605), Denghai 618 (DH618), and Denghai 661 (DH661) were used with treatments of four seeding dates on 21 May, 31 May, 10 June, and 20 June to explore the accumulated temperature and growth period of summer maize in wheat–maize double cropping system. There was no significant effect of seeding dates on the required accumulated temperature making physiological maturity, which mainly depended on the nature of varieties. DH618, XY335, ZD958, DH605, and DH661 had the growth period of 110, 112, 116, 116, and 121 d, and required accumulated temperature of 2800, 2880, 2945, 2950, and 3025°C d, respectively. In wheat–maize double cropping system, the largest possible growth period was 107120 d (from 15 June to 15 October), the accumulated temperature was about 2800°C d, which was difficult to meet the needs of production for main maize hybrids. The double late-cropping patterns were conducive to increasing grain yield. However, the growth period (about 120 d) of summer maize hybrids planted most popularly was too long to reach full maturity, resulting in serious grain damage when harvest by machinery. In conclusion, at present, the largest possible growth period and accumulated temperature are not possible to satisfy the needs of the production of main maize hybrids in wheat–maize double cropping system, even timely late harvest is still difficult to complete physiological maturity. Therefore, we need early-maturing (growth period ≤ 107 d) and high-yielding summer maize hybrids in the Yellew-Huaihe-Haihe Rivers Plain.

Key words: Summer maize, Growth period, Accumulated temperature

[1]Loomis R S, Williams W A. Maximum crop productivity: an estimate. Crop Sci, 1963, 3: 67–72 [2]郑洪健, 董树亭, 王空军, 胡昌浩, 郭玉秋, 张吉旺. 生态因素对玉米籽粒发育影响及调控的研究. 玉米科学, 2009, 9(1): 69–73 Zheng H J, Dong S T, Wang K J, Hu C H, Guo Q Y, Zhang J W. Effects of ecological factors on maize (Zea mays L.) yield of different varieties and corresponding regulative measure. J Maize Sci, 2009, 9(1): 69–73 (in Chinese with English abstract) [3]Sun H, Zhang X, Chen S, Pei D, Liu C. Effects of harvest and sowing time on the performance of the rotation of winter wheat-summer maize in the North China Plain. Ind Crop Prod, 2007, 25: 239–247 [4]IPCC WGI AR5. 2013. Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Summary for Policymakers. Twelfth Session of Working Group I, Cambridge University Press. [5]Winer S R, Musick J T. Wheat planting date effects on soil water extraction and grain yield. Agron J, 1993, 85: 912–916 [6]屈会娟, 李金才, 沈学善, 魏凤珍, 王成雨, 郅胜军. 种植密度和播期对冬小麦品种兰考矮早八干物质和氮素积累与转运的影响. 作物学报, 2009, 35: 124–131 Qu H J, Li J C, Shen X S, Wei F Z, Wang C Y, Zhi S J. Effects of plant density and seeding date on accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen in winter wheat cultivar Lankao Aizao 8. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35: 124–131 (in Chinese with English abstract) [7]付雪丽, 张惠, 贾继增, 杜立丰, 付金东, 赵明. 冬小麦–夏玉米 “双晚” 种植模式的产量形成及资源效率研究. 作物学报, 2009, 35: 1708–1714 Fu X L, Zhang H, Jia J Z, Du L F, Fu J D, Zhao M. Yield performance and resources use efficiency of winter wheat and summer maize in double late-cropping system. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35: 1708–1714 (in Chinese with English abstract) [8]朱元刚. 夏玉米冬小麦 “双晚” 种植方式对周年光温资源利用研究. 山东农业大学硕士毕业论文, 山东泰安, 2010 Zhu Y G. Study on Annual Utilization of Solar and Heat Resources of Summer Maize and Winter Wheat in Double Late-cropping Patterns. MS Thesis of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China, 2010 (in Chinese) [9]孟庆平, 张玉权, 常淑娟, 李桂杰, 李静, 李柏春, 刘凤才. 玉米最佳收获期的主要相关性状研究初探. 玉米科学, 2007, 15(增刊1): 117–118 Meng Q P, Zhang Y Q, Chang S J, Li G J, Li J, Li B C, Liu F C. Research on main traits of corn related to best harvest-time. J Maize Sci, 2007, 15(suppl-1): 117–118 (in Chinese with English abstract) [10]倪长安, 李心平, 刘师多, 师清翔. 机收玉米破损的危害及预防. 农机化研究, 2009, 31(8): 221–224 Ni C A, Li X P, Liu S D, Shi Q X. Hazards and prevention of corn damage in combine harvesters. J Agric Mechanization Res, 2009, 31(8): 221–224 (in Chinese with English abstract) [11]方华, 李青松, 郭玉伟, 马中义, 赵共鹏, 袁文利, 杨青林, 邢占民, 孙阁, 马秀英. 中国玉米品种生育期的研究. 河北农业科学, 2010, 14(4): 1–5 Fang H, Li Q S, Guo Y W, Ma Z Y, Zhao G P, Yuan W L, Yang Q L, Xing Z M, Sun G, Ma X Y. Study on the growth period of maize varieties in China. J Hebei Agric Sci, 2010, 14(4): 1–5 (in Chinese with English abstract) [12]严定春, 朱艳, 曹卫星. 水稻栽培适宜品种选择的知识模型. 南京农业大学学报, 2004, 27(4): 20–25 Yan D C, Zhu Y, Cao W X. A knowledge model for selection of suitable variety in rice production. J Nanjing Agric Univ, 2004, 27(4): 20–25 (in Chinese with English abstract) [13]马雅丽, 王志伟, 栾青, 胡良温, 张爱芝. 玉米产量与生态气候因子的关系. 中国农业气象, 2009, 30: 565–568 Ma Y L, Wang Z W, Luan Q, Hu L W, Zhang A Z. Relation between maize yield and eco-climate factors. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2009, 30: 565–568 (in Chinese with English abstract) [14]董红芬, 李洪, 李爱军, 阎晓光, 赵长明. 玉米播期推迟与生长发育、有效积温关系研究. 玉米科学, 2012, 20(5): 97–101 Dong H F, Li H, Li A J, Yan X G, Zhao C M. Relations between delayed sowing date and growth, effective accumulated temperature of maize. J Maize Sci, 2012, 20(5): 97-101 (in Chinese) [15]李洁, 晋凡生, 张冬梅, 梁改梅, 张小宁. 播期对不同熟期玉米品种生育期及产量的影响. 农学学报, 2016, 6(12): 1–7 Li J, Jin F S, Zhang D M, Liang G M, Zhang X N. Effects of sowing dates on growth stage and yield of maize varieties with different maturity periods. J Agric, 2016, 6(12): 1–7 (in Chinese with English abstract) [16]刘唐兴, 官春云, 雷冬阳. 作物抗倒伏的评价方法研究进展. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(5): 203–206 Liu T X, Guan C Y, Lei D Y. The research progress on evaluation methods of lodging resistance in crops. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2007, 23(5): 203–206 (in Chinese with English abstract) [17]Cirilo A G, Andrade F H. Sowing date and maize productivity: I. Crop growth and dry matter partitioning. Crop Sci, 1994, 34: 1039–1043 [18]Cirilo A G, Andrade F H. Sowing date and maize productivity: II. Kernel number determination. Crop Sci, 1994, 34: 1044–1046 [19]徐田军, 吕天放, 赵久然, 王荣换, 陈传永, 刘月娥, 刘秀芝, 王元东. 玉米籽粒灌浆特性对播期的响应. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27: 2513–2519 Xu T J, Lyu T F, Zhao J R, Wang R H, Chen C Y, Liu Y E, Liu X Z, Wang Y D. Response of grain filling characteristics of maize to sowing date. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2016, 27: 2513–2519 (in Chinese with English abstract) [20]于振文. 作物栽培学各论. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003 Yu Z W. Crop Cultivation Monographs. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003 (in Chinese)
[1] 张振博, 贾春兰, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 赵斌, 张吉旺. 氮磷配施对夏玉米产量和叶片衰老特性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(6): 1616-1629.
[2] 李璐璐, 明博, 高尚, 谢瑞芝, 王克如, 侯鹏, 薛军, 李少昆. 不同熟期玉米品种籽粒田间脱水特征差异性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(6): 1643-1652.
[3] 李慧, 王旭敏, 刘苗, 刘朋召, 李巧丽, 王小利, 王瑞, 李军. 基于夏玉米产量和氮素利用的水氮减量方案优选[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1292-1304.
[4] 张俊杰, 陈金平, 汤钰镂, 张锐, 曹红章, 王丽娟, 马梦金, 王浩, 王泳超, 郭家萌, KRISHNA SV Jagadish, 杨青华, 邵瑞鑫. 花期前后干旱胁迫对复水后夏玉米光合特性与产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1397-1409.
[5] 岳海旺, 韩轩, 魏建伟, 郑书宏, 谢俊良, 陈淑萍, 彭海成, 卜俊周. 基于GYT双标图分析对黄淮海夏玉米区域试验品种综合评价[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1231-1248.
[6] 刘昕萌, 程乙, 刘玉文, 庞尚水, 叶秀芹, 卜艳霞, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 任昊, 刘鹏. 黄淮海区域现代夏玉米品种产量与资源利用效率的差异分析[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1363-1371.
[7] 张金鑫, 葛均筑, 马玮, 丁在松, 王新兵, 李从锋, 周宝元, 赵明. 华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米种植体系周年水分高效利用研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(4): 879-892.
[8] 宋杰, 王少祥, 李亮, 黄金苓, 赵斌, 张吉旺, 任佰朝, 刘鹏. 施钾量对夏玉米氮、磷、钾吸收利用和籽粒产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(2): 539-551.
[9] 刘梦, 张垚, 葛均筑, 周宝元, 吴锡冬, 杨永安, 侯海鹏. 不同降雨年型施氮量与收获期对夏玉米产量及氮肥利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(2): 497-510.
[10] 商蒙非, 石晓宇, 赵炯超, 李硕, 褚庆全. 气候变化背景下中国不同区域玉米生育期高温胁迫时空变化特征[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(1): 167-176.
[11] 张振博, 屈馨月, 于宁宁, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 赵斌, 张吉旺. 施氮量对夏玉米籽粒灌浆特性和内源激素作用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(9): 2366-2376.
[12] 裴丽珍, 陈远学, 张雯雯, 肖华, 张森, 周元, 徐开未. 有机物料还田对夏玉米穗位叶光合性能及氮代谢的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(8): 2115-2124.
[13] 陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515.
[14] 朱亚迪, 王慧琴, 王洪章, 任昊, 吕建华, 赵斌, 张吉旺, 任佰朝, 殷复伟, 刘鹏. 不同夏玉米品种大喇叭口期耐热性评价和鉴定指标筛选[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(12): 3130-3143.
[15] 宋杰, 任昊, 赵斌, 张吉旺, 任佰朝, 李亮, 王少祥, 黄金苓, 刘鹏. 施钾量对夏玉米维管组织结构与物质运输性能的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(11): 2908-2919.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2