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不同花生品种(系)耐盐碱性田间鉴定及各性状指标相关性研究

迟晓元1,**,刘庆1,2,**,张君2,赵旭红1,李美3,于天一1,潘丽娟1,许静1,姜骁1,殷祥贞1,马俊卿1,陈娜1,*   

  1. 1 山东省花生研究所, 山东青岛266100; 2 吉林农业大学, 吉林长春130118; 3 东营市农业综合服务中心, 山东东营25709
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-29 修回日期:2025-09-10 接受日期:2025-09-10 网络出版日期:2025-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 陈娜, E-mail: chenna7948@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由山东省重点研发计划(竞争性创新平台)项目(2025CXPT167), 泰山学者工程项目(NO.tstp20240523, NO.tsqn202312292), 财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13), 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023QC146, ZR2023QC177), 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02008-3), 农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室项目(KF2024007), 山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2025F19, CXGC2025C19), 山东省农业科学院齐鲁农科英才工程(创新类)项目, 山东省重点研发计划项目(2024LZGC035)和东营市科技创新重大专项科技发展指导计划项目(2024ZDJH100)资助。

Field evaluation of salt-alkaline tolerance and trait correlation analysis in different peanut varieties (lines)

CHI Xiao-Yuan1,**,LIU Qing1,2,**,ZHANG Jun2,ZHAO Xu-Hong1,LI Mei3,YU Tian-Yi1,PAN Li-Juan1,XU Jing1,JIANG Xiao1,YIN Xiang Zhen1,MA Jun-Qing1,CHEN Na1,*   

  1. 1 Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China;2 Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China;3 Dongying Agricultural Integrated Service Center, Dongying 257091, Shandong, China
  • Received:2025-06-29 Revised:2025-09-10 Accepted:2025-09-10 Published online:2025-09-23
  • Contact: 陈娜, E-mail: chenna7948@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by Shandong Province Key Research and Development Programme (Competitive Innovation Platform) Project (2025CXPT167), the Taishan Scholar Project Funding (NO.tstp20240523, NO.tsqn202312292), the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-13), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QC146, ZR2023QC177), the Major Scientific and Technological Project in Xinjiang (2022A02008-3), the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (KF2024007), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CXGC2025F19, CXGC2025C19), the Qilu Agricultural Talent Project (Innovative Category) of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Province Key Research and Development Programme Project (2024LZGC035), and the Science and Technology Development Guidance Plan of Dongying Major Science and Technology Innovation Project (2024ZDJH100).

摘要:

为了鉴定优质、耐盐碱的花生品种(),本研究连续2年在黄河三角洲试验基地种植29个花生品种(),并对它们的农艺性状和产量、品质性状进行了研究,利用主成分、隶属函数和系统聚类分析鉴选优质耐盐碱的花生品种()。结果表明油亚比和亚油酸含量变异最大,而脂肪和蛋白质含量及出仁率的变异较小;主茎高和侧枝长分别与荚果产量和籽仁产量极显著正相关,油酸和亚油酸含量分别与百仁重呈显著负相关和正相关关系;花生的产量性状(出仁率、荚果产量、籽仁产量)与农艺性状(结果枝数、主茎高、侧枝长)和品质性状(蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、油酸含量、亚油酸含量)均相关。综合分析结果表明,P16-22、花育9147、花育9141、花育9118、花育9121、花育60、花育9125和花育9124在盐碱地表现优异,花育656P18-82P18-43P17-18在盐碱地表现较差,且前者的荚果产量和籽仁产量显著大于后者。本研究结果可为花生耐盐碱育种亲本选择及特异种质资源筛选提供材料。

关键词: 花生品种(系), 耐盐碱, 农艺性状, 产量, 品质, 综合分析

Abstract:

To identify high-quality peanut varieties (lines) with tolerance to salt-alkaline stress, 29 peanut varieties (lines) were cultivated over two consecutive years at an experimental site in the Yellow River Delta. Their agronomic characteristics, as well as yield and quality traits, were systematically evaluated. A comprehensive screening approach combining principal component analysis (PCA), membership function analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify superior salt-alkaline-tolerant varieties. The results revealed that the oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio (O/L ratio) and linoleic acid content showed the greatest variation, while fat content, protein content, and shelling percentage exhibited relatively smaller differences. Main stem height and lateral branch length were significantly positively correlated with pod yield and kernel yield, respectively. Oleic acid content was significantly negatively correlated with 100-kernel weight, whereas linoleic acid content showed a significant positive correlation. Peanut yield traits (kernel rate, pod yield, and kernel yield) were closely associated with both agronomic traits (number of fruiting branches, main stem height, lateral branch length) and quality traits (protein content, fat content, oleic acid content, and linoleic acid content). Comprehensive analysis indicated that varieties P16-22, Huayu 9147, Huayu 9141, Huayu 9118, Huayu 9121, Huayu 60, Huayu 9125, and Huayu 9124 performed exceptionally well in saline-alkali soil conditions, whereas Huayu 656, P18-82, P18-43, and P17-18 showed poor adaptability. The former group produced significantly higher pod and kernel yields than the latter. These findings provide valuable genetic resources for breeding salt-alkaline-tolerant peanut varieties and offer useful references for parental selection in future breeding programs.

Key words: peanut varieties (lines), salt-alkali tolerance, agronomic traits, yield, quality, comprehensive analysis

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