不同耐旱型马铃薯根际微生物对干旱的响应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.54071

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 马铃薯是全球重要的粮食作物，但其生长极易受到干旱胁迫的影响。干旱不仅会降低马铃薯产量，还会改变其根际微生物群落结构，进而影响植株的耐旱性和健康状况。本研究以耐旱型马铃薯C93和干旱敏感型马铃薯费乌瑞它(Favorita)为材料，在防雨棚土栽条件下，通过宏基因组测序，解析了不同干旱梯度下根际微生物群落的结构与功能响应机制。结果表明，随着干旱程度的增加，Favorita的α多样性先降低后升高，而C93的α多样性基本保持不变。变形菌门(30.44%~63.00%)和放线菌门为所有处理下的优势菌门，但属水平组成呈现基因型特异性差异。C93在重度干旱下富集溶杆菌属(10.16%)和鞘氨醇单胞菌属(6.37%)，而Favorita依赖诺卡氏菌属(8.29%)和链霉菌属。功能注释结果表明，中度干旱胁迫条件下，ABC转运蛋白通路在C93和Favorita应对干旱胁迫时具有重要作用，而重度干旱胁迫条件下，Favorita主要依赖AMPK信号通路，而C93主要依赖ABC转运蛋白通路来缓解干旱胁迫。共现网络分析表明，C93通过“核心菌群+功能枢纽”的协同互作模式增强网络稳定性，而Favorita在干旱胁迫下网络模块化不足，依赖单一菌群功能扩展，导致长期抗逆性较弱。本研究初步揭示了马铃薯根际微生物调控抗旱的基因型特异性作用机制，为抗旱菌剂开发及抗旱技术升级提供理论依据。

关键词: 马铃薯, 干旱, 宏基因组测序, 根际, 微生物群落功能

Abstract:

Potato is a globally important food crop, but its growth is highly susceptible to drought stress. Drought not only reduces potato yield but also alters the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community, thereby affecting the plant’s drought tolerance and overall health. In this study, metagenomic sequencing was conducted on the rhizosphere microbiota of the drought-tolerant potato genotype C93 and the drought-sensitive variety Favorita, grown under rain-proof shed soil conditions, to investigate their structural and functional responses under varying drought intensities. The results showed that as drought severity increased, the alpha diversity of Favorita first decreased and then increased, whereas the alpha diversity of C93 remained relatively stable. Proteobacteria (30.44%–63.00%) and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla across all treatments, but genus-level composition exhibited genotype-specific differences. Under severe drought conditions, C93 enriched Lysobacter (10.16%) and Sphingomonas (6.37%), while Favorita was dominated by Nocardia (8.29%) and Streptomyces. Functional annotation revealed that under moderate drought stress, the ABC transporter pathway played a key role in both C93 and Favorita’s responses. However, under severe drought, C93 primarily relied on the ABC transporter pathway, while Favorita depended on the AMPK signaling pathway to mitigate stress. Microbial network analysis further demonstrated that C93 maintained greater network stability through a cooperative interaction model involving a “core microbiota + functional hub,” whereas Favorita exhibited insufficient network modularity and relied on the expansion of single functional taxa, resulting in weaker long-term drought resilience. This study provides preliminary insights into genotype-specific mechanisms by which rhizosphere microorganisms regulate drought resistance in potato, offering a theoretical foundation for the development of drought-tolerant microbial agents and the advancement of drought-resilience technologies.

Key words: potato, drought, metagenome sequencing, rhizosphere, function of microbial communities

姬炫彤, 卞春松, 金黎平, 李森, 秦军红, 李广存. 不同耐旱型马铃薯根际微生物对干旱的响应[J]. 作物学报, 0, (): 0-.

Ji Xuan-Tong, Bian Chun-Song, Jin Li-Ping, Li Sen, Qin Jun-Hong, Li Guang-Cun. The responses of root-associated microorganisms of different drought-tolerant potato varieties to drought conditions[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 0, (): 0-.

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