氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92010

作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 117-130.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92010

氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响

唐健¹,唐闯¹,郭保卫^1,^*(),张诚信¹,张振振¹,王科¹,张洪程¹,陈恒²,孙明珠³

1 扬州大学江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 江苏扬州225009
2 江西省上高县农业局, 江西上高336400
3 江西省农业技术推广总站, 江西南昌330046

收稿日期:2019-03-05 接受日期:2019-08-09 出版日期:2020-01-12 网络出版日期:2019-09-01
通讯作者: 郭保卫
作者简介:E-mail: 2841915943@qq.com
基金资助:
本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300507);国家自然科学基金项目(31601246);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-27);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助

Effect of nitrogen application on yield and rice quality of mechanical transplanting high quality late rice

TANG Jian¹,TANG Chuang¹,GUO Bao-Wei^1,^*(),ZHANG Cheng-Xin¹,ZHANG Zhen-Zhen¹,WANG Ke¹,ZHANG Hong-Cheng¹,CHEN Heng²,SUN Ming-Zhu³

1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
2 Bureau of Agriculture of Shanggao County of Jiangxi Province, Shanggao 336400, Jiangxi, China
3 Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Nanchang 330046, Jiangxi, China

Received:2019-03-05 Accepted:2019-08-09 Published:2020-01-12 Published online:2019-09-01
Contact: Bao-Wei GUO
Supported by:
This study was supported by the Grants from the National Key Research Program(2016YFD0300507);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601246);National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Special(CARS-01-27);Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验为筛选适合优质丰产机插晚稻的最佳氮肥用量, 以优质双季晚稻泰优398、黄华占、天优华占、美香新占4个品种为试验材料, 在机插条件下设0、135、180、255 kg hm ^-2四个施氮水平, 测定产量构成及稻米品质指标。结果表明, 适当增施氮肥可增加优质双季晚稻产量, 施氮量为180 kg hm ^-2时产量最高。除黄华占的整精米率外, 施氮量为180 kg hm ^-2时各品种的糙米率、精米率和整精米率最高。随施氮量的增加, 机插优质双季晚稻的垩白粒率和垩白度降低, 米粒长宽比变大, 蛋白质含量和胶稠度均增加, 直链淀粉含量减少; 峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值、最终黏度逐渐下降, 消减值增加, 糊化温度呈上升趋势。适当增施氮肥可改善机插优质晚稻加工品质、外观品质、蒸煮和营养品质, 但RVA特性有变劣趋势。180 kg hm ^-2的施氮量可使机插优质双季晚稻优质和高产达到较好的协调统一。

关键词: 机插, 优质晚稻, 氮肥用量, 产量, 稻米品质

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted by using four high quality late rice varieties, including Taiyou 398, Huanghuazhan, Tianyouhuazhan, and Meixiangxinzhan under four nitrogen treatments of 0, 135, 180, and 255 kg hm ^-2 to select the optimum nitrogen application rate for the coordination of high quality and high yield. The appropriate increase of nitrogen application improved the yield of high quality rice, which reached maximum under the nitrogen treatment of 180 kg hm ^-2. When the nitrogen application was 180 kg hm ^-2, the indicators such as the brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate for all varieties reached maximum except for the head milled rice rate of Huanghuazhan. As more nitrogen was gradually applied, there were growing length-width ratio, protein content and gel consistency of double-season high-quality late rice while in contrast reduction in chalky grain percentage, chalkiness degree and amylose content, which also brought about a steady drop in peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity while a rise in setback and pasting temperature. To sum up, the appropriate increase of nitrogen application can improve the processing quality, appearance quality, cooking and nutritional quality while deteriorate the RVA characteristics. The nitrogen application of 180 kg hm ^-2 facilitates a better coordination between quality and yield in high quality double-season late rice under mechanical transplanting.

Key words: mechanical transplanting, high quality late rice, nitrogen application, yield, rice quality

唐健,唐闯,郭保卫,张诚信,张振振,王科,张洪程,陈恒,孙明珠. 氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(01): 117-130.

TANG Jian,TANG Chuang,GUO Bao-Wei,ZHANG Cheng-Xin,ZHANG Zhen-Zhen,WANG Ke,ZHANG Hong-Cheng,CHEN Heng,SUN Ming-Zhu. Effect of nitrogen application on yield and rice quality of mechanical transplanting high quality late rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(01): 117-130.

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链接本文: https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92010

https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/Y2020/V46/I01/117

图/表 10

表1

不同氮肥施用量下优质晚稻产量及其构成因素"

品种 Cultivar	处理Treatment	穗数 Panicle (×10⁴hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle	总颖花量 Total number of spikelets (×10⁴hm^-2)	结实率 Seed-setting rate (%)	千粒重 1000-kernel weight (g)	理论产量 Theoretical yield (kg hm^-2)	实际产量 Actual yield (kg hm^-2)
2017
美香新占 Meixiang- xinzhan	N0	295.50 Bb	127.39 Bc	37643.45 Cc	83.43 Aa	20.35 Aa	6391.11 Cc	6218.51 Cc
	N1	347.82 ABa	146.36 ABb	50907.50 Bb	77.79 ABb	20.05 Aab	7939.99 Bb	7497.38 Bb
	N2	354.63 Aa	157.26 Aa	55768.68 Aa	77.74 ABb	19.25 Ab	8345.75 Aa	8204.39 Aa
	N3	357.92 Aa	156.04 Aa	55849.66 Aa	77.15 Bb	19.17 Aab	8186.72 ABa	8096.84 ABa
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	304.88 Cc	117.36 Bb	35780.99 Cc	82.21 Aa	22.57 Aa	6639.09 Bc	6495.88 Bc
	N1	341.09 Bb	129.04 Aa	44014.31 Bb	79.28 ABab	22.41 Aa	7819.87 Ab	7342.58 ABb
	N2	367.41 ABa	131.02 Aa	48137.55 Aa	76.83 ABbc	22.35 Aa	8265.94 Aa	7928.13 Aa
	N3	377.66 Aa	129.25 Aa	48812.10 Aa	75.02 Bc	22.30 Aa	8166.00 Aa	7733.12 Aa
天优华占 Tianyouhua- zhan	N0	269.72 Cc	111.37 Cc	30039.25 Cc	90.81 Aa	23.57 Aa	6456.85 Bc	6203.33 Bc
	N1	285.15 BCb	133.18 Bb	37975.94 Bb	88.43 Aab	23.40 Aa	7858.22 ABb	7565.08 Ab
	N2	292.93 Bb	154.12 Aa	45146.24 Aa	86.38 ABb	23.30 Aa	9086.38 Aa	8608.62 Aa
	N3	315.88 Aa	150.32 Aa	47482.38 Aa	82.14 Bc	23.19 Aa	9005.57 Aa	8517.32 Aa
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	285.21 Bb	105.05 Cc	29961.58 Cc	92.04 Aa	22.11 Aa	6097.19 Bc	5941.71 Bc
	N1	334.41 ABa	112.96 Bb	37775.11 Bb	91.45 ABa	21.87 Aa	7555.06 Ab	6987.72 ABb
	N2	337.41 ABa	121.92 Aa	41137.03 Aa	91.09 ABa	21.75 Aa	8112.63 Aa	7948.39 Aa
	N3	354.47 Aa	119.68 Aa	42423.47 Aa	88.09 Bb	21.68 Aa	8027.25 Aa	7870.37 Aa
2018
美香新占 Meixiang- xinzhan	N0	304.77 Bc	103.30 Bb	31482.50 Bc	86.17 Aa	21.10 Aa	5724.27 Bb	5602.80 Bc
	N1	317.08 ABbc	144.50 Aa	45818.28 Ab	84.16 Aab	20.12 Aab	7750.88 Aa	7326.74 Ab
	N2	326.32 ABb	148.54 Aa	48470.61 Aab	83.79 Ab	19.80 Ab	8041.17 Aa	7757.72 Aa
	N3	354.02 Aa	142.97 Aa	50615.57 Aa	83.37 Ab	19.75 Ab	7912.05 Aa	7634.58 Aab
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	273.98 Bc	97.22 Bc	26637.24 Bc	87.29 Aa	24.25 Aa	5638.66 Cc	5910.65 Bc
	N1	338.63 Aa	113.77 Ab	38526.95 Ab	85.69 Aab	24.20 Aa	7989.63 Bb	7449.88 Ab
	N2	347.87 Aab	121.08 Aa	42120.79 Aa	85.14 Ab	23.90 Aa	8571.00 Aa	8127.14 Aa
	N3	354.02 Ab	117.75 Aab	41686.22 Aab	84.74 Ab	23.85 Aa	8425.41 ABa	7942.43 Aa
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	283.77 Ac	97.00 Cc	27525.47 Cc	85.43 Aa	24.80 Aa	5831.91 Cc	5610.65 Bc
	N1	306.42 Ab	131.32 Bb	40239.12 Bb	83.09 ABab	24.60 Aa	8225.20 Bb	7816.15 Ab
	N2	324.58 Aa	145.83 Aa	47334.81 Aa	80.51 ABbc	24.45 Aa	9280.08 Aa	8831.26 Aa
	N3	335.54 Aa	141.50 ABa	47478.53 Aa	79.36 Bc	24.40 Aa	9156.49 Aa	8646.55 Aa
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	286.53 Ac	96.65 Bb	27693.35 Cc	90.65 Aa	22.80 Aa	5723.56 Bc	5699.08 Cc
	N1	318.18 Ab	119.71 Aa	38089.35 Bb	89.22 Aab	22.75 Aa	7731.50 Ab	7345.75 Bb
	N2	338.32 Aa	123.34 Aa	41728.23 Aa	88.49 Aab	22.65 Aa	8363.81 Aa	8180.86 Aa
	N3	341.40 Aa	120.93 Aa	41284.46 Aa	87.92 Ab	22.60 Aa	8203.12 Aa	7996.15 ABa

表1

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表9

表10

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品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	2017			2018
品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	糙米率 BR	精米率 MR	整精米率 HMR	糙米率 BR	精米率 MR	整精米率 HMR
美香新占 Meixiangxinzhan	N0	78.41 Aa	68.67 Ab	58.94 Ab	77.01 Ab	70.71 Ab	53.58 Bb
	N1	78.67 Aa	69.48 Ab	59.72 Aab	80.98 Aa	73.60 Aa	55.28 ABb
	N2	79.30 Aa	70.74 Aa	62.25 Aa	81.20 Aa	73.88 Aa	58.02 Aa
	N3	78.82 Aa	70.21 Aab	59.51 Aab	81.10 Aa	69.96 Ab	54.87 ABb
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	79.70 Ab	66.56 Ab	53.58 Abc	78.29 Ab	63.58 Ab	50.99 Ab
	N1	80.63 Aab	69.17 Aab	55.16 Aab	79.68 Aab	67.91 Aab	53.97 Aab
	N2	81.98 Aa	70.12 Aa	57.07 Aa	81.74 Aa	70.23 Aa	57.75 Aa
	N3	81.00 Aab	69.90 Aab	52.33 Ac	81.81 Aa	69.68 Aa	52.19 Aab
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	80.10 Ab	70.70 Aa	63.10 Bc	77.93 Ac	68.99 Ab	60.85 Bc
	N1	80.14 Ab	71.22 Aa	65.89 ABb	81.08 Aab	70.25 Aab	64.05 ABb
	N2	82.71 Aa	71.61 Aa	68.72 Aa	82.31 Aa	72.98 Aa	67.78 Aa
	N3	81.51 Aab	71.29 Aa	61.67 Bc	79.72 Abc	71.89 Aa	59.54 Bc
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	81.12 Aa	69.46 Ab	45.15 Bc	79.77 Aa	68.36 Ab	45.56 Cc
	N1	81.24 Aa	70.00 Aab	48.99 ABbc	80.56 Aa	68.97 Ab	48.14 BCb
	N2	82.51 Aa	70.63 Aa	53.11 Aab	80.68 Aa	70.13 Aa	52.32 ABa
	N3	82.01 Aa	69.21 Ab	54.13 Aa	79.44 Aa	68.87 Ab	54.67 Aa

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	2017				2018
品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	粒长 KL (mm)	长宽比 L/W	垩白粒率 CR (%)	垩白度 CD (%)	粒长 KL (mm)	长宽比 L/W	垩白粒率 CR (%)	垩白度 CD (%)
美香新占 Meixiang xinzhan	N0	6.07 Aa	3.12 Aa	13.90 Aa	2.95 Aa	6.05 Aa	3.18 Aa	18.00 Aa	5.17 Aa
	N1	6.12 Aa	3.16 Aa	12.94 ABa	2.63 Aa	6.30 Aa	3.33 Aa	15.04 Bb	3.64 Bb
	N2	6.15 Aa	3.17 Aa	10.98 BCb	2.45 ABb	6.35 Aa	3.35 Aa	13.12 Cc	3.17 Bc
	N3	6.28 Aa	3.23 Aa	9.90 Cb	2.30 Bb	6.42 Aa	3.36 Aa	11.89 Cd	2.59 Cd
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	5.91 Aa	3.00 Aa	18.94 Aa	3.91 Aa	6.23 Aa	3.33 Ab	18.62 Aa	5.59 Aa
	N1	5.99 Aa	3.02 Aa	17.18 Aab	2.91 Bb	6.59 Aa	3.57 Aab	17.41 Aa	4.70 Bb
	N2	6.06 Aa	3.05 Aa	13.90 Bc	2.65 Bb	6.62 Aa	3.59 Aab	15.68 Ab	3.76 Cc
	N3	6.13 Aa	3.09 Aa	10.29 Cd	2.15 Bb	6.69 Aa	3.65 Aa	11.57 Ac	2.55 Dd
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	6.15 Aa	3.27 Ab	21.05 Aa	6.14 Aa	5.73 Bb	3.02 Aa	23.76 Aa	11.58 Aa
	N1	6.19 Aa	3.31 Aab	18.73 ABb	5.41 ABab	5.93 Bb	3.16 Aa	19.77 Bb	9.21 Bb
	N2	6.23 Aa	3.38 Aab	17.25 ABbc	4.95 Bb	6.56 Aa	3.19 Aa	15.75 Cc	6.56 Cc
	N3	6.33 Aa	3.45 Aa	16.21 Bc	4.20 Bb	6.75 Aa	3.24 Aa	15.23 Cc	6.54 Cc
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	6.17 Aa	3.02 Ab	18.35 Aa	7.47 Aa	6.04 Aa	3.04 Aa	18.06 Aa	5.88 Aa
	N1	6.22 Aa	3.06 Aab	17.71 Aa	6.70 ABa	6.05 Aa	3.11 Aa	14.61 Bb	4.43 Bb
	N2	6.29 Aa	3.18 Aab	14.24 Ab	5.41 Bb	6.20 Aa	3.20 Aa	10.36 Cc	2.85 Cc
	N3	6.37 Aa	3.28 Aa	7.43 Bc	4.97 Bb	6.21 Aa	3.21 Aa	9.96 Cc	2.72 Cc

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	2017			2018
品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	直链淀粉含量 AC (%)	胶稠度 GC (mm)	蛋白质含量 PC (%)	直链淀粉含量 AC (%)	胶稠度 GC (mm)	蛋白质含量 PC (%)
美香新占	N0	19.34 Aa	62.0 Bc	6.10 Bc	17.95 Aa	63.2 Cc	6.5 Bc
Meixiang xinzhan	N1	18.05 ABb	68.5 ABb	7.90 Ab	17.32 Aab	69.5 Bb	7.8 Ab
	N2	17.52 Bbc	76.5 Aa	7.95 Ab	16.19 ABbc	75.9 Aa	8.5 Aa
	N3	16.90 Bc	77.5 Aa	8.80 Aa	15.94 Bc	78.3 Aa	8.9 Aa
泰优398	N0	16.46 Aa	64.5 Bc	6.35 Dd	15.53 Aa	65.9 Ac	6.6 Cd
Taiyou 398	N1	15.74 Aab	68.0 ABbc	8.05 Cc	13.88 Bb	68.6 Abc	8.2 Bc
	N2	15.26 Ab	69.5 ABab	8.70 Bb	13.57 Bbc	70.9 Aab	9.3 ABb
	N3	15.23 Ab	73.0 Aa	9.70 Aa	12.85 Bc	73.5 Aa	10.1 Aa
天优华占	N0	23.78 Aa	65.8 Ab	7.10 Ab	22.51 Aa	68.8 Ab	6.7 Bc
Tianyouhuazhan	N1	22.51 ABa	66.5 Ab	7.25 Aab	18.93 Bb	71.5 Ab	7.5 ABb
	N2	19.53 BCb	75.8 Aa	7.35 Aab	18.26 Bbc	78.3 Aa	8.3 Aa
	N3	19.01 Cb	76.0 Aa	7.70 Aa	17.68 Bc	79.2 Aa	8.8 Aa
黄华占	N0	17.92 Aa	49.5 Bc	6.35 Cc	16.11 Aa	53.6 Cc	7.4 Cc
Huanghuazhan	N1	15.26 Bb	56.0 ABb	8.00 Bb	14.02 Bb	60.5 Bb	8.1 BCb
	N2	13.71 Bc	58.0 Ab	8.40 ABb	12.36 Bbc	62.6 ABb	8.7 ABb
	N3	13.41 Bbc	62.0 Aa	9.20 Aa	11.47 Bc	66.1 Aa	9.6 Aa

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	峰值黏度 Peak viscosity (cP)	热浆黏度 Trough viscosity (cP)	崩解值 Breakdown (cP)	最终黏度 Final viscosity (cP)	消减值 Setback (cP)	糊化温度 Pasting temperature (℃)
美香新占	N0	3073.0 Aa	1777.5 Aa	1295.5 Aa	3002.5 Aa	-70.5 Dd	75.13 Bb
Meixiang xinzhan	N1	2860.0 ABb	1691.5 ABab	1168.5 ABb	2865.0 ABb	5.0 Cc	75.70 ABb
	N2	2727.0 Bbc	1676.5 ABb	1050.5 Bc	2749.0 BCc	22.0 Bb	76.65 ABb
	N3	2644.5 Bc	1608.5 Bb	1036.0 Bc	2694.0 Cc	49.5 Aa	78.23 Aa
泰优398	N0	3322.0 Aa	2036.0 Aa	1286.0 Aa	3134.5 Aa	-187.5 Dd	75.15 Ab
Taiyou 398	N1	3025.0 ABb	1958.0 ABa	1067.0 Bb	2946.5 ABb	-78.5 Cc	75.48 Ab
	N2	2794.0 ABbc	1792.5 BCb	1001.5 BCc	2833.5 Bbc	39.5 Bb	76.35 Aab
	N3	2641.0 Bc	1657.0 Cc	984.0 Cc	2745.0 Bc	104.0 Aa	77.33 Aa
天优华占	N0	2941.5 Aa	1839.0 Aa	1102.5 Aa	3093.5 Aa	152.0 Cd	76.75 Ab
Tianyouhuazhan	N1	2862.0 ABa	1838.0 Aa	1024.0 ABb	3022.5 Aab	160.5 Cc	77.13 Ab
	N2	2722.5 ABb	1782.0 Ab	940.5 Bc	2920.5 Ab	198.0 Bb	78.58 Aa
	N3	2668.0 Bb	1728.50 Ab	939.5 Bc	2896.5 Ab	228.5 Aa	78.78 Aa
黄华占	N0	3075.5 Aa	1835.0 Aa	1240.5 Aa	2923.5 Aa	-152.0 Dd	72.50 Bb
Huanghuazhan	N1	2895.5 ABb	1759.5 Aab	1136.0 ABb	2805.0 ABb	-90.5 Cc	73.65 ABb
	N2	2785.0 Bbc	1696.0 Ab	1089.0 Bbc	2747.5 Bb	-37.5 Bb	74.15 ABab
	N3	2698.0 Bc	1638.0 Ab	1060.0 Bc	2740.5 Bb	42.5 Aa	75.63 Aa

变异来源 Source of variation	年份 Y	品种 C	氮肥用量 N	年份×品种 Y×C	年份×氮肥用量 Y×N	品种×氮肥用量 C×N	年份×品种× 氮肥用量 Y×C×N
自由度 df	1	3	3	3	3	9	9
穗数Panicle	5.901^*	77.14^**	207.66^**	24.78^**	4.36^*	3.82^**	4.02^**
每穗粒数Spikelets per panicle	152.87^**	296.40^**	408.01^**	21.06^**	17.81^**	19.28^**	1.62
总颖花量Total number of spikelets	210.24^**	321.75^**	1093.84^**	68.89^**	8.42^**	11.22^**	1.54
结实率Filled-grain percentage	9.93^**	57.27^**	18.05^**	33.18^**	1.54	0.92	0.35
千粒重1000-kernel weight	61.28^**	201.49^**	7.07^**	4.97^**	0.07	1.41	0.31
产量Yield	4.37^*	32.19^**	713.21^**	9.56^**	14.47^**	7.51^**	0.95
F_0.05	4.16	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.19	2.19
F_0.01	7.53	4.48	4.48	4.48	4.48	3.04	3.04

氮肥施用量对机插优质晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响

Effect of nitrogen application on yield and rice quality of mechanical transplanting high quality late rice

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变异来源 Source of variation	年份 Y	品种 C	氮肥用量 N	年份×品种 Y×C	年份×氮肥用量 Y×N	品种×氮肥用量 C×N	年份×品种× 氮肥用量 Y×C×N
自由度 df	1	3	3	3	3	9	9
糙米率 BR	1.85	4.09^*	10.73^**	5.12^**	1.77	0.58	0.83
精米率 MR	0.46	7.96^**	11.52^**	4.17^*	0.58	2.24^*	1.14
整精米率 HMR	41.85^**	409.36^**	65.81^**	11.92^**	0.76	15.25^**	0.54
长宽比 L/W	33.99^**	11.76^**	18.89^**	61.26^**	1.90	0.39	0.53
垩白粒率 CR	2011.08^**	2241.82^**	1185.19^**	3517.08^**	30.86^**	37.38^**	26.37^**
垩白度 CD	616.49^**	7547.28^**	2116.79^**	8743.70^**	154.42^**	52.60^**	99.76^**
直链淀粉含量 AC	385.15^**	1162.91^**	326.03^**	8.88^**	5.38^**	20.13^**	6.28^**
蛋白质含量 PC	57.15^**	439.02^**	277.98^**	8.77^**	0.32	9.84^**	0.37
胶稠度 GC	69.15^**	62.814^**	515.17^**	3.46^*	5.72^**	16.93^**	5.73^**
峰值黏度 PKV	10.43^**	18.63^**	113.98^**	11.16^**	2.13	6.07^**	0.50
热浆黏度 THV	46.93^**	93.56^**	33.68^**	38.51^**	17.88^**	14.35^**	1.86
崩解值 BKD	486.79^**	85.67^**	516.85^**	83.93^**	15.58^**	5.28^**	8.78^**
最终黏度 FLV	19.92^**	78.08^**	18.96^**	28.89^**	8.84^**	3.79^**	0.88
消减值 STB	769.98^**	30348.16^**	16690.88^**	7333.67^**	1416.93^**	409.35^**	359.09^**
糊化温度 PAT	58.79^**	89.87^**	3.75^*	52.58^**	0.53	0.10	0.14
F_0.05	4.16	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.91	2.19	2.19
F_0.01	7.53	4.48	4.48	4.48	4.48	3.04	3.04

指标 Index	糙米率 BR	精米率 MR	整精米率 HMR	垩白粒率 CR	垩白度 CD	直链淀含量 AC	胶稠度 GC	蛋白质含量 PC	峰值黏度PKV	热浆黏度THV	崩解值BKD	最终黏度 FLV	消减值STB
精米率 MR	0.485	—
整精米率 HMR	0.178	0.576^*	—
垩白粒率 CR	-0.258	-0.174	0.180	—
垩白度 CD	-0.134	-0.048	0.228	0.819^**	—
直链淀粉含量AC	-0.360	0.259	0.626^**	0.691^**	0.694^**	—
蛋白质含量PC	0.238	0.462	0.720^**	-0.248	-0.320	0.216	—
胶稠度 GC	0.614^*	0.287	-0.050	-0.783^**	-0.620^*	-0.630^**	0.387	—
峰值黏度PKV	-0.511^*	-0.588^*	-0.168	0.763^**	0.432	0.309	-0.404	-0.836^**	—
热浆黏度THV	-0.281	-0.316	0.360	0.691^**	0.344	0.464	0.201	-0.600^*	0.785^**	—
崩解值BKD	-0.544^*	-0.604^*	-0.574^*	0.566^*	0.395	0.093	-0.812^**	-0.741^**	0.808^**	0.274	—
最终黏度FLV	-0.384	-0.019	0.636^**	0.649^**	0.448	0.773^**	0.382	-0.635^**	0.568^*	0.869^**	0.078	—
消减值STB	0.200	0.651^**	0.823^**	-0.225	-0.047	0.416	0.841^**	0.321	-0.575^*	-0.030	-0.843^**	0.347	—
糊化温度PAT	-0.257	0.467	0.651^**	-0.138	-0.259	0.487	0.768^**	-0.025	-0.226	0.163	-0.496	0.502^*	0.755^**

品种 Cultivar	处理 Treatment	日平均温度 Daily mean temperature (℃)	日最高温度 Daily maximum temperature (℃)	日最低温度 Daily minimum temperature (℃)	日平均温差 Daily mean temperature difference (℃)	日平均光照时数 Daily mean illumination hours (h)
2017
美香新占 Meixiangxinzhan	N0	20.34	23.97	16.81	7.16	7.14
	N1	20.41	23.18	16.24	6.94	6.87
	N2	19.52	22.98	16.11	6.87	6.54
	N3	19.14	22.78	15.98	6.80	6.17
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	23.87	25.49	19.68	5.81	6.87
	N1	23.24	25.12	19.37	5.75	6.69
	N2	22.17	24.41	19.25	5.16	6.26
	N3	19.98	24.19	19.07	5.12	5.76
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	22.56	25.17	18.23	6.94	6.58
	N1	21.49	24.98	18.25	6.73	6.12
	N2	21.05	24.52	17.92	6.60	5.56
	N3	19.88	23.91	17.24	6.67	5.24
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	22.59	25.74	17.86	7.88	6.97
	N1	22.11	25.24	17.53	7.71	6.68
	N2	21.47	24.56	16.97	7.59	6.25
	N3	20.41	23.87	16.54	7.33	6.16
2018
美香新占 Meixiangxinzhan	N0	21.02	25.06	17.03	8.03	7.05
	N1	20.56	24.33	16.54	7.79	6.98
	N2	19.61	23.57	15.69	7.88	6.57
	N3	19.41	23.12	15.40	7.72	6.21
泰优398 Taiyou 398	N0	24.90	26.57	21.28	5.29	6.66
	N1	23.45	25.98	20.95	5.03	6.25
	N2	22.35	24.56	20.41	4.15	5.78
	N3	22.04	24.22	19.88	4.34	5.52
天优华占 Tianyouhuazhan	N0	22.76	26.32	19.23	7.09	6.15
	N1	22.46	26.12	18.84	7.28	5.57
	N2	21.15	25.74	18.35	7.39	5.68
	N3	20.94	25.16	18.02	7.14	5.21
黄华占 Huanghuazhan	N0	22.75	26.63	18.91	7.72	6.72
	N1	22.13	25.93	18.46	7.47	6.34
	N2	21.58	25.12	18.17	6.95	5.97
	N3	20.97	24.95	17.76	7.19	6.04

指标 Index	日平均温度 Daily mean temperature (°C)	日最高温度 Daily maximum temperature (°C)	日最低温度 Daily minimum temperature (°C)	日平均温差 Daily mean temperature difference (°C)	日平均光照时数 Daily mean illumination hours (h)
糙米率 BR	-0.328	-0.451	-0.120	-0.207	-0.473
精米率 MR	-0.712^**	-0.470	-0.593*	0.406	-0.116
整精米率 HMR	-0.246	-0.075	-0.119	0.097	-0.505^*
粒长 KL	-0.202	-0.458	0.095	-0.498^*	-0.449
长宽比 L/W	0.031	-0.493	0.277	-0.768^**	-0.202
垩白率 CR	0.554^*	0.668^**	0.397	0.016	0.178
垩白度 CD	0.398	0.664^**	0.280	0.167	-0.159
直链淀粉含量 AC	-0.056	0.229	-0.200	0.451	0.099
蛋白质含量 PC	-0.457	-0.541^*	-0.259	-0.095	-0.540^*
胶稠度 GC	-0.400	-0.596^*	-0.096	-0.357	-0.588^*
峰值黏度 PKV	0.737^**	0.685^**	0.486	-0.089	0.614^*
热浆黏度THV	0.869^**	0.793^**	0.749^**	-0.350	0.169
崩解值 BKD	0.353	0.343	0.055	0.206	0.861^**
最终黏度 FLV	0.680^**	0.758^**	0.506^*	-0.057	0.187
消减值 STB	-0.401	-0.236	-0.212	0.077	-0.747^**
糊化温度 PAT	-0.394	-0.422	-0.202	-0.075	-0.609^*

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