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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 2066-2079.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14163

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同花生品种芽期耐寒性鉴定及评价指标筛选

白冬梅1,*(), 薛云云1, 黄莉2, 淮东欣2, 田跃霞1, 王鹏冬1, 张鑫1, 张蕙琪1, 李娜1, 姜慧芳2, 廖伯寿2,*()   

  1. 1山西农业大学经济作物研究所, 山西太原 030031
    2中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 / 农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430062
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-07 接受日期:2021-11-29 出版日期:2022-08-12 网络出版日期:2021-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 白冬梅,廖伯寿
  • 作者简介:E-mail: baidm1221@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31871662);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);国家自然科学基金培育项目(YGJPY1901);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC049);山西省农业科学院优秀青年基金项目(YCX2020YQ33)

Assessment of cold tolerance of different peanut varieties and screening of evaluation indexes at germination stage

BAI Dong-Mei1,*(), XUE Yun-Yun1, HUANG Li2, HUAI Dong-Xin2, TIAN Yue-Xia1, WANG Peng-Dong1, ZHANG Xin1, ZHANG Hui-Qi1, LI Na1, JIANG Hui-Fang2, LIAO Bo-Shou2,*()   

  1. 1Industrial Crop Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
    2Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
  • Received:2021-09-07 Accepted:2021-11-29 Published:2022-08-12 Published online:2021-12-15
  • Contact: BAI Dong-Mei,LIAO Bo-Shou
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871662);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13);Cultivation Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(YGJPY1901);Biological Breeding Project of Shanxi Academy University(YZGC049);Outstanding Youth Fund Project of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(YCX2020YQ33)

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摘要：

低温寒害是限制花生产业发展的重要非生物胁迫因子之一。花生品种芽期耐寒能力的强弱是决定花生出苗整齐度和高产高质的重要保障。本研究利用品种综合指标值、权重、隶属函数值、D值对62个花生品种芽期耐寒性进行综合评价。结果表明, D值越大, 其耐寒性越强, 反之耐寒性越弱。系统聚类分析可将62个品种分为5类, 第I类为高耐寒型; 第II类为耐寒型; 第III类为中间型; 第IV类为敏感型, 第V类为高感型。相关性分析表明, 油酸含量与D值及其他4个耐寒性指标值的相关性未达到显著水平, 说明花生油酸含量和花生芽期耐寒性强弱无关; 各相对指标值与D值及各相对指标值间均呈极显著正相关, 说明花生芽期耐寒性相对指标值之间具有一致性。通过对相对指标特征值、贡献值及权重分析表明, 相对发芽率可作为花生芽期耐寒性鉴定的正向指标, 相对发芽率越大, 其芽期耐寒性能力越强, 反之耐寒性能力越弱。本研究筛选出5个高耐寒性品种, 建立了以相对发芽率作为花生芽期耐寒性的评价指标, 对花生芽期耐寒性的高效鉴定和耐寒性新品种培育及其相关理论研究提供基础材料和高效鉴定方法。

关键词: 花生品种, 低温胁迫, 芽期耐寒性, 评价指标

Abstract:

Cold temperature and cold damage is one of the important abiotic stress factors restricting the development of peanut industry. The ability of peanut varieties to tolerate cold at germination stage is an important guarantee to determine the uniformity of seeding emergence, high yield, and high quality. In this research, 62 peanut varieties with different genotypes were comprehensively assessed for cold tolerance at germination stage by using comprehensive index value, weight, membership function value, and D-value of each variety. The results showed that the higher the D-value, the stronger the cold tolerance, and vice versa. The 62 varieties were divided into five categories by systematic cluster analysis: the first category was high cold-tolerant, the second was cold-tolerant, the third was intermediate cold-tolerant, the fourth was sensitive, and the fifth was highly sensitive. Correlation analysis revealed that the correlations between oleic acid content and D-value and other four indexes of cold tolerance did not reach a significant level, indicating that the acid content of peanut oil had nothing to do with the cold tolerance in peanut germination stage. A significant positive correlation between each relative index value and D-value indicated that there was consistency among the relative index values of cold tolerance in peanut germination stage. The analysis of its relative index characteristic value, contribution value, and weight demonstrated that the relative germination rate could be used as the positive index of cold tolerance identification in peanut bud period, that is, the greater the relative germination rate, the stronger its cold tolerance at germination stage, and vice versa. Five varieties with high cold-tolerance were selected, and the relative germination rate as the evaluation index of cold-tolerance in peanut germination stage was established in this study, providing basic materials and efficient assessing methods for the quick assessment of cold-tolerant peanut germplasm in peanut germination stage, cultivation of new varieties with cold-tolerance and related theoretical researches.

Key words: peanut varieties, cold stress, cold-tolerance at germination stage, evaluation indexes

表1

供试花生品种(系)信息"

编号
Number		 品种
Variety		 油酸含量
Oleic acid content (%)		 编号
Number		 品种
Variety		 油酸含量
Oleic acid content (%)
1 花育20 Huayu 20 42.40 32 农大636 Nongda 636 37.00
2 徐0124 Xu 0124 36.50 33 豫花151 Yuhua 151 79.20
3 花育6802 Huayu 6802 48.10 34 濮花67 Puhua 67 47.10
4 金花19 Jinhua 19 41.70 35 徐花24 Xuhua 24 80.50
5 豫航花7号Yuhanghua 7 51.10 36 徐花23 Xuhua 23 78.70
6 农大402 Nongda 402 47.60 37 花育6811 Huayu 6811 51.80
7 冀040-11 Ji 040-11 80.80 38 濮花70 Puhua 70 40.00
8 商花5号Shanghua 5 43.00 39 豫花158 Yuhua 158 42.20
9 冀农G94 Jinong G94 78.60 40 花育6808 Huayu 6808 40.70
10 冀5059 Ji 5059 46.40 41 冀农花19 Jinonghua 19 78.50
11 濮花56 Puhua 56 48.30 42 豫花157 Yuhua 157 80.70
12 皖花4号Wanhua 4 38.50 43 花育655 Huayu 655 77.50
13 农大R366 Nongda R366 38.80 44 漯花22 Luohua 22 46.50
14 开农92 Kainong 92 51.30 45 冀农花16 Jinonghua 16 78.90
15 远杂9102 Yuanza 9102 36.40 46 13R526 49.40
16 豫花80 Yuhua 80 81.00 47 花育6312 Huayu 6312 45.30
17 宇花16 Yuhua 16 42.60 48 花育6311 Huayu 6311 38.70
18 冀11-17 Ji 11-17 41.80 49 豫花177 Yuhua 177 79.80
19 漯花18 Luohua 18 43.70 50 郑农26 Zhengnong 26 41.60
20 豫花136 Yuhua 136 41.90 51 山花35 Shanhua 35 40.70
21 冀914 Ji 914 81.00 52 开农313 Kainong 313 78.50
22 豫花138 Yuhua 138 79.10 53 皖花14 Wanhua 14 39.40
23 豫花124 Yuhua 124 77.50 54 济花8号 Jihua 8 79.90
24 商花40 Shanghua 40 41.80 55 驻花6号 Zhuhua 6 40.30
25 徐0231 Xu 0231 38.10 56 济花5号Jihua 5 80.90
26 花育6306 Huayu 6306 41.50 57 开农112 Kainong 112 38.10
27 花育6805 Huayu 6805 48.10 58 晋花10 Jinhua 10 49.20
28 花育613 Huayu 613 40.70 59 汾花12 Fenhua 12 46.40
29 冀5038 Ji 5038 43.60 60 DF12 77.81
30 宛花6号Wanhua 6 40.20 61 花育44 Huayu 44 49.22
31 农大141 Nongda 141 39.70 62 徐68-4 Xu 68-4 46.41

图1

常温和低温胁迫后9个品种的发芽情况"

图2

62个品种常温和低温胁迫后各指标值"

表2

不同花生品种芽期各指标的差异"

指标
Index		 最小值
Min.		 最大值
Max.		 平均值
Average		 标准偏差
Standard deviation		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis		 变异系数
Coefficient variation
常温发芽率NTGR (%) 45.00 100.00 76.56 13.34 -0.27 -0.56 0.17
低温发芽率LTGR ( %) 0 90.00 35.67 21.37 0.61 -0.05 0.60
相对发芽率RGR (%) 0 93.75 45.07 23.79 0.18 -0.74 0.53
常温发芽指数NTGI 4.08 9.81 7.23 1.35 -0.24 -0.37 0.19
低温发芽指数LTGI 0 7.29 2.81 1.35 0.63 -0.21 0.64
相对发芽指数RGI (%) 0 85.16 37.56 21.55 0.32 -0.66 0.57
常温发芽势NTGP (%) 31.67 95.00 65.05 14.25 -0.18 0.03 0.22
低温发芽势LTGP (%) 0 75.00 28.81 18.69 0.60 -0.35 0.65
相对发芽势RGP (%) 0 95.12 42.80 25.67 0.34 -0.68 0.58
常温芽长NTSL (mm) 296.21 1027.17 578.08 163.15 0.49 -0.02 0.28
低温芽长LTSL (mm) 0 738.31 241.80 168.61 0.78 0.13 0.70
相对芽长RSL (%) 0 95.66 40.54 24.52 0.41 -0.56 0.60

表3

不同花生品种芽期耐寒性指标值"

编号
Number		 品种
Variety		 相对发芽率
RGR		 相对发芽指数
RGI		 相对发芽势
RGP		 相对芽长
RSL
1 花育20 Huayu 20 64.53 48.21 61.76 46.98
2 徐0124 Xu 0124 23.94 17.15 21.43 16.75
3 花育6802 Huayu 6802 51.72 42.99 46.15 34.70
4 金花19 Jinhua 19 26.02 19.94 28.38 20.68
5 豫航花7号 Yuhanghua 7 48.08 43.84 47.73 51.61
6 农大402 Nongda 402 22.67 14.38 10.71 17.08
7 冀040-11 Ji 040-11 91.07 74.28 86.67 81.14
8 商花5号 Shanghua 5 23.44 17.22 22.06 15.64
9 冀农G94 Jinong G94 11.41 7.85 8.11 7.79
10 冀5059 Ji 5059 20.09 13.25 13.64 9.27
11 濮花56 Puhua 56 34.76 25.00 30.88 30.02
12 皖花4号 Wanhua 4 62.50 46.53 61.67 60.05
13 农大R366 Nongda R366 21.20 17.15 23.68 13.82
14 开农92 Kainong 92 5.17 3.80 7.14 3.19
15 远杂9102 Yuanza 9102 93.75 77.62 91.30 81.29
16 豫花80 Yuhua 80 5.36 3.23 2.27 2.19
17 宇花16 Yuhua 16 55.00 36.20 37.50 47.08
18 冀11-17 Ji 11-17 0 0 0 0
19 漯花18 Luohua 18 60.00 50.57 57.89 55.65
20 豫花136 Yuhua 136 17.31 14.45 16.41 18.00
21 冀914 Ji 914 20.83 17.10 17.31 21.06
22 豫花138 Yuhua 138 18.37 13.43 15.79 14.50
23 豫花124 Yuhua 124 18.00 12.77 16.88 14.47
24 商花40 Shanghua 40 32.93 27.04 34.29 27.93
25 徐0231 Xu 0231 20.45 15.77 21.71 10.69
26 花育6306 Huayu 6306 51.39 41.04 46.28 48.70
27 花育6805 Huayu 6805 73.66 57.13 61.22 57.01
28 花育613 Huayu 613 53.80 44.15 53.05 38.60
29 冀5038 Ji 5038 10.42 7.21 6.82 6.64
30 宛花6号 Wanhua 6 41.18 29.48 30.68 29.74
31 农大141 Nongda 141 45.00 32.60 36.59 33.56
32 农大636 Nongda 636 36.06 23.44 18.75 27.86
33 豫花151 Yuhua 151 45.00 34.85 40.71 38.41
34 濮花67 Puhua 67 51.79 39.78 41.25 48.53
35 徐花24 Xuhua 24 68.64 58.84 62.95 71.06
36 徐花23 Xuhua 23 35.63 30.33 36.36 30.15
37 花育6811 Huayu 6811 69.77 62.72 87.10 63.57
38 濮花70 Puhua 70 25.61 18.13 15.79 19.81
39 豫花158 Yuhua 158 59.69 52.26 60.33 51.08
40 花育6808 Huayu 6808 58.50 47.41 54.88 52.34
41 冀农花19 Jinonghua 19 41.25 34.44 34.46 36.33
42 豫花157 Yuhua 157 29.72 24.84 27.94 26.61
43 花育655 Huayu 655 55.88 46.97 49.43 42.33
44 漯花22 Luohua 22 79.25 67.60 76.60 84.97
编号
Number		 品种
Variety		 相对发芽率
RGR		 相对发芽指数
RGI		 相对发芽势
RGP		 相对芽长
RSL
45 冀农花16 Jinonghua 16 58.59 51.74 55.00 44.59
46 13R526 68.33 63.39 77.03 67.91
47 花育6312 Huayu 6312 73.40 59.95 61.05 62.44
48 花育6311 Huayu 6311 75.00 70.81 77.42 58.44
49 豫花177 Yuhua 177 42.67 36.16 38.21 36.34
50 郑农26 Zhengnong 26 55.81 48.00 50.00 48.05
51 山花35 Shanhua 35 89.36 82.34 86.93 92.53
52 开农313 Kainong 313 49.22 44.44 51.32 57.43
53 皖花14 Wanhua 14 65.38 59.60 66.18 74.34
54 济花8号 Jihua 8 37.50 38.84 53.57 50.85
55 驻花6号 Zhuhua 6 84.38 85.16 95.12 95.66
56 济花5号 Jihua 5 11.11 8.67 11.25 9.74
57 开农112 Kainong 112 28.64 27.71 29.69 35.64
58 晋花10 Jinhua 10 52.66 47.60 60.81 51.78
59 汾花12 Fenhua 12 58.93 51.37 54.17 69.06
60 DF12 36.16 30.85 36.70 32.58
61 花育44 Huayu 44 93.10 80.28 93.75 93.61
62 徐68-4 Xu 68-4 33.33 28.75 33.14 23.73

表4

各品种的综合指标值、权重、μ(X)、D值及综合评价"

图3

62份花生品种芽期耐寒性综合聚类分析"

表5

花生芽期耐寒性各指标值及油酸含量的相关性分析"

性状
Trait		 油酸含量
Oleate (%)		 相对发芽率
RGR (%)		 相对发芽指数RGI (%) 相对发芽势
RGP (%)		 相对芽长
RSL (%)		 D值
D-value
油酸含量 Oleate (%) 1
相对发芽率 RGR (%) -0.185 1
相对发芽指数 RGI (%) -0.157 0.985** 1
相对发芽势 RGP (%) -0.156 0.968** 0.986** 1
相对芽长 RSL (%) -0.134 0.953** 0.968** 0.953** 1
D值 D-value -0.160 0.988** 0.996** 0.987** 0.982** 1
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