基于生育期、产量和品质对70份粳糯品种(系)的综合评价

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.42026

作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 728-743.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.42026

基于生育期、产量和品质对70份粳糯品种(系)的综合评价

熊强强(), 孙长辉, 顾雯霏, 陆彦尧, 周年兵, 郭保卫, 刘国栋, 魏海燕, 朱金燕(), 张洪程()

扬州大学水稻产业工程技术研究院 / 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室 / 江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室 / 江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 江苏扬州 225009

收稿日期:2023-12-01 接受日期:2024-01-31 出版日期:2025-03-12 网络出版日期:2024-11-12
通讯作者: *朱金燕, E-mail: zhujinyanrain@163.com; 张洪程, E-mail: hczhang@yzu.edu.cn.
作者简介:E-mail: xqq_qiang@163.com
基金资助:
镇江市“金山英才”产业强市领军人才引进计划(Zhenjiang Talent Office [2021] 1);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2019342);江苏省种业振兴“jl1”项目(JBGS [2021] 036);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)

Comprehensive evaluation of 70 japonica glutinous rice varieties (lines) based on growth period, yield, and quality

XIONG Qiang-Qiang(), SUN Chang-Hui, GU Wen-Fei, LU Yan-Yao, ZHOU Nian-Bing, GUO Bao-Wei, LIU Guo-Dong, WEI Hai-Yan, ZHU Jin-Yan(), ZHANG Hong-Cheng()

Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China

Received:2023-12-01 Accepted:2024-01-31 Published:2025-03-12 Published online:2024-11-12
Contact: *E-mail: zhujinyanrain@163.com; E-mail: hczhang@yzu.edu.cn.
Supported by:
Zhenjiang “Jinshan Talents” Industry Strong City Leading Talent Introduction Plan(Zhenjiang Talent Office [2021] 1);Key R & D Projects in Jiangsu Province(BE2019342);Jiangsu Province Seed Industry Revitalization Project(JBGS [2021] 036);Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以70份糯稻品种(系)作为试验材料, 综合生育期、产量和稻米品质筛选出适合扬中地区种植的优质、高产粳糯稻品种(系)。试验于2021—2023年在江苏省扬中市进行, 采用随机区组设计, 3次重复。结果表明: (1) 70份糯稻品种(系) 2021年全生育期变幅为137~159 d, 2023年变幅为139~158 d。根据全生育期可划分为3个生育类型, 其中早熟晚粳17个, 中熟中粳18个, 迟熟中粳35个。(2) 2021年产量变幅为5.19~9.50 t hm^-2, 2023年产量变幅为5.57~9.64 t hm^-2。主成分分析表明, 每穗粒数与穗数是决定产量性状的主要指标。(3) 2021年糙米率变幅为80.45%~87.35%, 精米率变幅为59.86%~75.87%, 达到优质一级标准的品种有20个, 达到优质二级标准的品种有16个; 2023年糙米率变幅为81.60%~88.50%, 精米率变幅为65.07%~75.59%, 达到优质一级标准的品种有15个, 达到优质二级标准的品种有18个。2021年蛋白质含量变幅为7.00%~10.77%, 总淀粉含量变幅为69.42%~92.73%; 2023年蛋白质含量变幅为7.00%~10.79%, 总淀粉含量变幅为68.00%~92.68%。分子标记检测发现有35个水稻品种携带香味基因badh2。综合生育期、产量和品质的比较与评价, 筛选出4个适宜扬中地区推广种植的高产优质糯稻品种(系)扬软糯2号、苏糯7132、扬粳糯2号和盐稻93207。

关键词: 糯稻, 扬中地区, 生育期, 产量, 稻米品质

Abstract:

This study evaluated 70 glutinous rice varieties (lines) to identify high-quality, high-yield varieties suitable for cultivation in the Yangzhong region, based on comprehensive assessments of growth period, yield, and rice quality. The experiment was conducted in Yangzhong city, Jiangsu province, from 2021 to 2023, using a randomized block design with three replicates. The results showed the following: (1) The growth periods of the 70 glutinous rice varieties ranged from 137 to 159 days in 2021 and from 139 to 158 days in 2023. Based on the growth period, the varieties were classified into three categories: 17 early-maturing late-japonica types, 18 mid-maturing mid-japonica types, and 35 late-maturing mid-japonica types. (2) In 2021, yields ranged from 5.19 to 9.50 t hm^-2, and in 2023, yields ranged from 5.57 to 9.64 t hm^-2. Principal component analysis indicated that the number of grains per panicle and panicle number were the primary factors influencing yield traits. (3) In 2021, the brown rice rate ranged from 80.45% to 87.35%, and the milled rice rate from 59.86% to 75.87%. Twenty varieties met the first-class quality standard, while 16 met the second-class quality standard. In 2023, the brown rice rate ranged from 81.60% to 88.50%, and the milled rice rate from 65.07% to 75.59%. Fifteen varieties met the first-class quality standard, and 18 met the second-class quality standard. In 2021, protein content varied from 7.00% to 10.77%, and total starch content from 69.42% to 92.73%. In 2023, protein content ranged from 7.00% to 10.79%, and total starch content from 68.00% to 92.68%. Molecular marker analysis revealed that 35 rice varieties carried the badh2 gene. Based on the comprehensive analysis of growth period, yield, and quality, four high-yield and high-quality glutinous rice varieties (lines) suitable for cultivation in Yangzhong were selected: Yangruannuo 2, Sunuo 7132, Yangjingnuo 2, and Yandao 93207.

Key words: glutinous rice, Yangzhong region, growth period, yield, rice quality

熊强强, 孙长辉, 顾雯霏, 陆彦尧, 周年兵, 郭保卫, 刘国栋, 魏海燕, 朱金燕, 张洪程. 基于生育期、产量和品质对70份粳糯品种(系)的综合评价[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(3): 728-743.

XIONG Qiang-Qiang, SUN Chang-Hui, GU Wen-Fei, LU Yan-Yao, ZHOU Nian-Bing, GUO Bao-Wei, LIU Guo-Dong, WEI Hai-Yan, ZHU Jin-Yan, ZHANG Hong-Cheng. Comprehensive evaluation of 70 japonica glutinous rice varieties (lines) based on growth period, yield, and quality[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(3): 728-743.

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链接本文: https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.42026

https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/Y2025/V51/I3/728

图/表 13

图1

表1

糯稻品种(系)生育期调查"

品种 Variety	编号 Number	2021年全生育期 Full fertility period in 2021 (d)	2023年全生育期 Full fertility period in 2023 (d)	生育类型 Fertility type	品种 Variety	编号 Number	2021年全生育期 Full fertility period in 2021 (d)	2023年全生育期 Full fertility period in 2023 (d)	生育类型 Fertility type
灵谷糯1号 Linggunuo 1	YZ01	159	156	EL	盐稻93207 Yandao 93207	YZ36	149	147	LM
武糯9612 Wunuo 9612	YZ02	150	151	LM	绿亿香糯 Lyuyixiangnuo	YZ37	140	142	MM
皖垦糯2号 Wankennuo 2	YZ03	155	153	LM	粳香糯398 Jingxiangnuo 398	YZ38	143	143	MM
张育糯2号 Zhangyunuo 2	YZ04	151	152	LM	镇糯20号Zhennuo 20	YZ39	152	151	LM
金单糯100 Jindanuo 100	YZ05	152	152	LM	武糯9606 Wunuo 9606	YZ40	148	147	LM
镇糯29 Zhennuo 29	YZ06	151	152	LM	中粳糯588 Zhongjingnuo 588	YZ41	150	148	LM
武香糯9214 Wuxiangnuo 9214	YZ07	152	153	LM	喜粳糯68 Xijingnuo 68	YZ42	157	158	EL
扬产糯1号Yangchannuo 1	YZ08	146	148	LM	恒祥糯10号Hengxiangnuo 10	YZ43	144	144	MM
苏糯9202 Sunuo 9202	YZ09	152	151	LM	皖稻68 Wandao 68	YZ44	149	148	LM
金单糯8917 Jindanuo 8917	YZ10	148	149	LM	皖垦糯1116 Wankennuo 1116	YZ45	158	157	EL
镇糯19号 Zhennuo 19	YZ11	145	147	LM	中科盐2号Zhongkeyan 2	YZ46	148	145	LM
扬粳糯5号Y angjingnuo 5	YZ12	156	157	EL	盐稻93015 Yandao 93015	YZ47	138	141	MM
武香糯7368 Wuxiangnuo 7368	YZ13	156	156	EL	武香糯366 Wuxiangnuo 366	YZ48	141	144	MM
苏糯2621 Sunuo 2621	YZ14	155	153	LM	武香糯109 Wuxiangnuo 109	YZ49	146	148	LM
裕丰糯446 Yufengnuo 446	YZ15	150	148	LM	南粳糯2号Nanjingnuo 2	YZ50	146	148	LM
优香糯1号Youxiangnuo 1	YZ16	148	146	LM	丰粳糯203 Fengjingnuo 203	YZ51	140	142	MM
金香糯1号Jinxiangnuo 1	YZ17	155	153	LM	武育糯4819 Wuyunuo 4819	YZ52	158	157	EL
扬产糯2002 Yangchannuo 2002	YZ18	152	150	LM	皖垦糯3号Wankennuo 3	YZ53	155	153	LM
镇糯762 Zhennuo 762	YZ19	157	156	EL	丰糯1246 Fengnuo 1246	YZ54	142	143	MM
扬软糯2号Yangruannuo 2	YZ20	152	150	LM	皖垦糯1号Wankennuo 1	YZ55	158	156	EL
常糯09-3 Changnuo 09-3	YZ21	152	152	LM	淮糯152 Huainuo 152	YZ56	143	143	MM
银糯19 Yinnuo 19	YZ22	159	157	EL	淮糯134 Huainuo 134	YZ57	142	144	MM
扬粳M9225 Yangjing M9225	YZ23	159	156	EL	武育糯366 Wuyunuo 366	YZ58	145	145	LM
荃香糯3号 Quanxiangnuo 3	YZ24	158	158	EL	泗稻20-8 Sidao 20-8	YZ59	142	144	MM
光明糯1号 Guangmingnuo 1	YZ25	150	151	LM	连香糯516 Lianxiangnuo 516	YZ60	144	143	MM
苏糯7132 Sunuo 7132	YZ26	156	156	EL	中种香糯Zhongzhongxiangnuo	YZ61	137	139	MM
南粳香糯Nanjingxiangnuo	YZ27	156	156	EL	泉糯669 Quannuo 669	YZ62	141	142	MM
常糯2号Changnuo 2	YZ28	157	158	EL	恒祥糯9号Hengxiangnuo 9	YZ63	140	142	MM
扬农糯18-3370 Yangnongnuo 18-3370	YZ29	157	157	EL	皖垦糯5号Wankennuo 5	YZ64	154	153	LM
徐72909 Xu 72909	YZ30	149	148	LM	金丰糯2号Jinfengnuo 2	YZ65	139	141	MM
武香糯9106 Wuxiangnuo 9106	YZ31	152	150	LM	华浙糯1号Huazhe Nuo 1	YZ66	151	147	LM
丰登糯398 Fengdengnuo 398	YZ32	154	154	LM	盐糯13138 Yannuo 13138	YZ67	144	144	MM
武育糯180 Wuyunuo 180	YZ33	156	156	EL	连粳18307 Lianjing 18307	YZ68	143	142	MM
武香糯106 Wuxiangnuo 106	YZ34	153	150	LM	盐糯1716 Yannuo 1716	YZ69	144	142	MM
扬粳糯2号Yangjingnuo 2	YZ35	156	157	EL	金粳糯6288 Jinjingnuo 6288	YZ70	145	145	LM

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年份 Year	指标 Index	穗长 Length of panicle (cm)	穗数 Panicles (×10⁴ hm^-2)	每穗粒数 Grains per panicle	结实率 Seed-setting rate (%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	实测产量 Harvest yield (t hm^-2)
2021	最大值Maximum value	21.49	356.45	165.43	98.42	32.44	9.50
	最小值Minimum value	13.35	197.78	93.63	78.15	22.60	5.19
	平均值Average value	16.50	285.79	125.78	94.15	27.93	7.79
	标准差Standard deviation	1.36	36.52	15.62	3.65	1.78	0.87
	变异系数Coefficient of variation	0.08	0.13	0.12	0.04	0.06	0.11
2023	最大值Maximum value	19.70	353.52	170.90	97.79	30.81	9.64
	最小值Minimum value	13.95	195.60	94.64	78.79	23.37	5.57
	平均值Average value	16.73	278.46	131.37	94.47	27.63	7.94
	标准差Standard deviation	1.27	32.98	16.23	2.91	1.43	0.84
	变异系数Coefficient of variation	0.08	0.12	0.12	0.03	0.05	0.11

年份 Year	指标 Index	穗长 Length of panicle	每穗粒数 Grains per panicle	千粒重 1000-grain weight	结实率 Seed-setting rate	穗数 Panicles
2021	穗长Length of panicle	1.000	—	—	—	—
	每穗粒数Grains per panicle	0.627^**	1.000	—	—	—
	千粒重1000-grain weight	0.115	-0.206	1.000	—	—
	结实率Seed-setting rate	-0.144	-0.320^**	0.158	1.000	—
	穗数Panicles	-0.167	-0.334^**	-0.238^*	-0.068	1.000
	实测产量Harvest yield	0.090	0.139	0.137	-0.180	0.256^*
2023	穗长Length of panicle	1.000	—	—	—	—
	每穗粒数Grains per panicle	0.426^**	1.000	—	—	—
	千粒重1000-grain weight	0.029	-0.313^**	1.000	—	—
	结实率Seed-setting rate	-0.051	-0.290^*	0.231	1.000	—
	穗数Panicles	-0.055	-0.276^*	-0.314^**	0.063	1.000
	实测产量Harvest yield	0.098	0.120	0.019	-0.032	0.280^*

年份Year	指标Index	第1主成分PC1	第2主成分PC2	第3主成分PC3
2021	特征值Eigenvalue	1.897	1.405	1.166
	贡献率Contribution rate	31.621	23.418	19.438
	累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	31.621	55.039	74.478
	穗长Length of panicle	0.801	-0.137	0.155
	每穗粒数Grains per panicle	0.916	0.016	-0.154
	结实率Seed-setting rate	-0.477	-0.523	0.066
	千粒重1000-grain weight	-0.060	-0.523	0.768
	穗数Panicles	-0.381	0.760	0.127
	实测产量Harvest yield	0.201	0.511	0.713
2023	特征值Eigenvalue	1.714	1.416	1.137
	贡献率Contribution rate	28.561	23.605	18.945
	累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	28.561	52.166	71.111
	穗长Length of panicle	0.581	-0.205	0.537
	每穗粒数Grains per panicle	0.877	-0.167	0.052
	结实率Seed-setting rate	-0.573	-0.082	0.402
	千粒重1000-grain weight	-0.472	-0.577	0.478
	穗数Panicles	-0.157	0.882	0.126
	实测产量Harvest yield	0.178	0.477	0.663

年份 Year	类型 Type	实测产量变幅 Harvest yield variation (t hm^-2)	平均实测产量 Average harvest yield (t hm^-2)	千粒重变幅 1000-grain weight variation (g)	平均千粒重 Average 1000-grain weight (g)	品种(系) Varieties (lines)
2021	I	8.10-9.50	8.62	29.19-32.44	30.14	YZ02, YZ06, YZ07, YZ10, YZ20, YZ26, YZ29, YZ35, YZ36
	II	6.99-8.05	7.53	27.06-29.07	28.23	YZ05, YZ11, YZ16, YZ19, YZ23, YZ25, YZ31, YZ32, YZ34, YZ46, YZ47, YZ50, YZ59, YZ65
	III	5.19-6.78	6.14	22.60-26.88	25.89	YZ60, YZ66, YZ68
2023	I	8.36-9.64	8.83	28.07-30.81	28.93	YZ06, YZ10, YZ15, YZ17, YZ20, YZ26, YZ29, YZ30, YZ35, YZ36, YZ39, YZ42, YZ48, YZ58
	II	7.15-8.27	7.73	26.12-27.92	27.01	YZ05, YZ09, YZ12, YZ19, YZ24, YZ25, YZ37, YZ44, YZ45, YZ50, YZ51, YZ53, YZ57, YZ61, YZ65, YZ66, YZ70
	III	5.57-6.89	6.39	23.37-26.00	25.20	YZ60

年份 Year	指标 Index	糙米率 Brown rice rate (%)	精米率 Rice polishing rate (%)	整精米率 Whole rice rate (%)
2021	最大值Maximum value	87.35	75.87	72.75
	最小值Minimum value	80.45	59.86	25.49
	平均值Average value	84.56	70.82	58.86
	标准差Standard deviation	1.38	3.10	10.87
	变异系数Coefficient of variation	0.02	0.04	0.18
2023	最大值Maximum value	88.50	75.59	70.15
	最小值Minimum value	81.60	65.07	27.47
	平均值Average value	85.00	71.36	57.86
	标准差Standard deviation	1.43	2.67	10.24
	变异系数Coefficient of variation	0.02	0.04	0.18

基于生育期、产量和品质对70份粳糯品种(系)的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of 70 japonica glutinous rice varieties (lines) based on growth period, yield, and quality

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年份 Year	指标 Index	蛋白质含量 Protein content (%)	总淀粉含量 Total starch content (%)	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content (%)
2021	最大值Maximum value	10.77	92.73	3.70
	最小值Minimum value	7.00	69.42	0.59
	平均值Average value	8.44	82.53	1.39
	标准差Standard deviation	0.97	4.28	0.53
	变异系数Coefficient of variation	0.11	0.05	0.38
2023	最大值Maximum value	10.79	92.68	3.65
	最小值Minimum value	7.00	68.00	0.52
	平均值Average value	8.34	82.48	1.38
	标准差Standard deviation	0.92	4.25	0.51
	变异系数Coefficient of variation	0.11	0.05	0.37

品种编号 Variety number	是否携带badh2 Whether to carry badh2	品种编号 Variety number	是否携带badh2 Whether to carry badh2	品种编号 Variety number	是否携带badh2 Whether to carry badh2	品种编号 Variety number	是否携带badh2 Whether to carry badh2
YZ01	否No	YZ19	是Yes	YZ37	是Yes	YZ55	否No
YZ02	是Yes	YZ20	是Yes	YZ38	否No	YZ56	是Yes
YZ03	否No	YZ21	是Yes	YZ39	否No	YZ57	否No
YZ04	否No	YZ22	是Yes	YZ40	是Yes	YZ58	是Yes
YZ05	否No	YZ23	否No	YZ41	否No	YZ59	否No
YZ06	否No	YZ24	否No	YZ42	是Yes	YZ60	否No
YZ07	是Yes	YZ25	否No	YZ43	是Yes	YZ61	是Yes
YZ08	否No	YZ26	是Yes	YZ44	否No	YZ62	否No
YZ09	否No	YZ27	是Yes	YZ45	是Yes	YZ63	是Yes
YZ10	否No	YZ28	否No	YZ46	否No	YZ64	否No
YZ11	是Yes	YZ29	是Yes	YZ47	是Yes	YZ65	否No
YZ12	是Yes	YZ30	否No	YZ48	是Yes	YZ66	否No
YZ13	否No	YZ31	是Yes	YZ49	否No	YZ67	否No
YZ14	是Yes	YZ32	是Yes	YZ50	否No	YZ68	否No
YZ15	是Yes	YZ33	是Yes	YZ51	否No	YZ69	是Yes
YZ16	是Yes	YZ34	是Yes	YZ52	是Yes	YZ70	否No
YZ17	否No	YZ35	是Yes	YZ53	是Yes
YZ18	是Yes	YZ36	是Yes	YZ54	否No

年份 Year	指标 Index	糙米率 Brown rice rate	精米率 Rice polishing rate	整精米率 Whole rice rate	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content	蛋白质含量 Protein content
2021	糙米率Brown rice rate	1.000	/	/	/	/
	精米率Rice polishing rate	0.584^**	1.000	/	/	/
	整精米率Whole rice rate	0.422^**	0.767^**	1.000	/	/
	直链淀粉含量Amylose content	-0.257^*	-0.037	-0.037	1.000	/
	蛋白质含量Protein content	-0.206	-0.216	-0.256^*	0.165	1.000
	总淀粉含量Total starch content	0.197	0.212	0.131	-0.158	-0.092
2023	糙米率Brown rice rate	1.000	/	/	/	/
	精米率Rice polishing rate	0.500^**	1.000	/	/	/
	整精米率Whole rice rate	0.403^**	0.578^**	1.000	/	/
	直链淀粉含量Amylose content	0.039	-0.010	-0.040	1.000	/
	蛋白质含量Protein content	-0.170	-0.082	-0.227	0.198	1.000
	总淀粉含量Total starch content	0.214	0.039	0.142	-0.187	-0.132

年份 Year	指标 Index	第1主成分 PC1	第2主成分 PC2
2021	特征值Eigenvalue	2.431	1.135
	贡献率Contribution rate	40.515	18.914
	累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	40.515	59.429
	糙米率Brown rice rate	0.764	-0.095
	精米率Rice polishing rate	0.879	0.312
	整精米率Whole rice rate	0.817	0.355
	直链淀粉含量Amylose content	-0.273	0.811
	蛋白质含量Protein content	-0.445	0.254
	总淀粉含量Total starch content	0.369	-0.425
2023	特征值Eigenvalue	1.874	1.238
	贡献率Contribution rate	31.225	20.639
	累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	31.225	51.864
	糙米率Brown rice rate	0.532	0.033
	精米率Rice polishing rate	0.752	0.455
	整精米率Whole rice rate	0.761	0.278
	直链淀粉含量Amylose content	-0.483	0.429
	蛋白质含量Protein content	0.407	-0.522
	总淀粉含量Total starch content	-0.216	0.705

年份 Year	类型 Type	指标 Index	变幅 Variation (%)	平均值 Average value (%)	品种编号 Variety number
2021	I	蛋白质含量Protein content	7.30-8.83	7.73	YZ01, YZ05, YZ27, YZ35, YZ40, YZ55, YZ67
		总淀粉含量Total starch content	77.96-85.15	82.32
		直链淀粉含量Amylose content	0.64-1.15	0.96
	II	蛋白质含量Protein content	7.03-7.63	7.37	YZ09, YZ25, YZ26, YZ43, YZ62
		总淀粉含量Total starch content	85.53-92.73	88.73
		直链淀粉含量Amylose content	1.46-1.79	1.58
	III	蛋白质含量Protein content	8.07-8.97	8.53	YZ20, YZ29, YZ30, YZ33, YZ36, YZ37, YZ46, YZ50, YZ51
		总淀粉含量Total starch content	84.22-87.94	86.10
		直链淀粉含量Amylose content	0.64-1.27	0.95
2023	I	蛋白质含量Protein content	7.21-7.89	7.44	YZ01, YZ05, YZ27, YZ35, YZ67
		总淀粉含量Total starch content	78.46-81.48	81.67
		直链淀粉含量Amylose content	0.93-1.13	1.02
	II	蛋白质含量Protein content	7.00-7.79	7.37	YZ09, YZ19, YZ25, YZ26, YZ34, YZ43, YZ62
		总淀粉含量Total starch content	83.93-92.68	87.29
		直链淀粉含量Amylose content	1.30-1.71	1.49
	III	蛋白质含量Protein content	8.10-8.88	8.48	YZ08, YZ20, YZ29, YZ30, YZ33, YZ36, YZ37, YZ51
		总淀粉含量Total starch content	84.27-87.67	86.02
		直链淀粉含量Amylose content	0.72-1.22	0.96

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