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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (8): 2164-2175.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.51005

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

Bipolaris sorokiniana黑胚病对中筋小麦淀粉含量、粒度分布与糊化特性的影响

宋改利,王璐倩,屈柯飞,唐建卫,董纯豪,黄振朴,高艳,牛吉山,殷贵鸿*,李巧云*   

  1. 河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心 / 河南农业大学农学院 / 河南粮食作物协同创新中心, 河南郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-09 修回日期:2025-04-27 接受日期:2025-04-27 出版日期:2025-08-12 网络出版日期:2025-05-07
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(32171983),河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010102),河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(HARS-22-01-G2)和河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目(222103810002)资助。

Effect of Bipolaris sorokiniana-induced black point disease on starch content, particle size distribution, and pasting properties of medium-gluten wheat

SONG Gai-Li,WANG Lu-Qian,QU Ke-Fei,TANG Jian-Wei,DONG Chun-Hao,HUANG Zhen-Pu,GAO Yan, NIU,Ji-Shan,YIN Gui-Hong*,LI Qiao-Yun*   

  1. National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University / College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University / Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
  • Received:2025-01-09 Revised:2025-04-27 Accepted:2025-04-27 Published:2025-08-12 Published online:2025-05-07
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171983), the Funding of Joint Research on Agricultural Variety Improvement of Henan Province (2022010102), the Special Funds for the Construction of Agricultural Research System in Henan Province (HARS-22-01-G2), and the Joint Fund of Science and Technology Research of Henan Province (222103810002).

摘要:

小麦黑胚病在世界范围内频繁发生,严重影响小麦的产量与品质。为明确黑胚病对小麦淀粉品质的影响,本研究以黄淮麦区小麦黑胚病主要病原菌Bipolaris sorokiniana为致病菌采用孢子液喷洒方法2中筋小麦进行接种,以自然大田条件收获的籽粒为对照(CK),研究黑胚病对淀粉含量、粒度分布与糊化特性的影响。结果显示,黑胚病导致总淀粉与支链淀粉含量降低直链淀粉含量增加CK相比,黑胚粒的总淀粉与支链淀粉分别降低7.40%13.56%直链淀粉含量增加9.72%,支/直比下降21.22%;黑胚病抑制了B型淀粉粒的产生和生长,使小麦B型淀粉粒体积、表面积及数目百分比显著降低,其中主要影响1.0~2.8 μm的淀粉粒,A型淀粉粒体积、表面积百分比显著增加,以影响10.0~20.0 μm的淀粉粒为主;黑胚病导致面粉黏度参数显著降低,黑胚粒的峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度、稀懈值和回生值分别比CK降低27.70%28.49%23.22%26.00%15.71%可见,B. sorokiniana黑胚病改变了中筋小麦的淀粉含量与粒度分布,导致糊化参数降低、淀粉品质劣化

关键词: 中筋小麦, 直链淀粉含量, 糊化特性, 淀粉粒度分布, 黑胚病, 麦根腐平脐蠕孢

Abstract:

小麦黑胚病在世界范围内频繁发生,严重影响小麦的产量与品质。为明确黑胚病对小麦淀粉品质的影响,本研究以黄淮麦区小麦黑胚病主要病原菌Bipolaris sorokiniana为致病菌采用孢子液喷洒方法2中筋小麦进行接种,以自然大田条件收获的籽粒为对照(CK),研究黑胚病对淀粉含量、粒度分布与糊化特性的影响。结果显示,黑胚病导致总淀粉与支链淀粉含量降低直链淀粉含量增加CK相比,黑胚粒的总淀粉与支链淀粉分别降低7.40%13.56%直链淀粉含量增加9.72%,支/直比下降21.22%;黑胚病抑制了B型淀粉粒的产生和生长,使小麦B型淀粉粒体积、表面积及数目百分比显著降低,其中主要影响1.0~2.8 μm的淀粉粒,A型淀粉粒体积、表面积百分比显著增加,以影响10.0~20.0 μm的淀粉粒为主;黑胚病导致面粉黏度参数显著降低,黑胚粒的峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度、稀懈值和回生值分别比CK降低27.70%28.49%23.22%26.00%15.71%可见,B. sorokiniana黑胚病改变了中筋小麦的淀粉含量与粒度分布,导致糊化参数降低、淀粉品质劣化

Key words: medium gluten wheat, amylose content, pasting properties, granule size distribution of starch, black point, Bipolaris sorokiniana

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